Long-term safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA treatment in chronic migraine patients: a five-year retrospective study.

Background: Real-world studies have shown the sustained therapeutic effect and favourable safety profile of OnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA) in the long term and up to 4 years of treatment in chronic migraine (CM). This study aims to assess the safety profile and efficacy of BoNTA in CM after 5 years of treatment in a real-life setting.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with CM in relation to BoNTA treatment for more than 5 years in 19 Spanish headache clinics.

Long-term effectiveness and tolerability of galcanezumab in patients with migraine excluded from clinical trials: real world evidence of 1055 patients with 1 year follow-up from the Galca-Only registry.

Background: Galcanezumab has shown efficacy and effectiveness in the treatment of episodic and chronic migraine (CM), however, the population represented in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) differs from the population observed in real-world setting. To describe the long-term effectiveness and tolerability of galcanezumab in clinical practice in patients excluded from RCTs.

Methods: Multicenter prospective cohort study of consecutive patients with chronic and high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) with prior failure to three or more migraine preventive drugs, treated with galcanezumab and followed up for 12 months.

Modulation of the Gut Microbiota with Prebiotics and Antimicrobial Agents from Mushroom.

(Jacq. ex Fr.) P.

Chronic Eroded Perianal Plaque in a Patient with Limited Systemic Scleroderma.

A 58-year-old African-American woman presented with a variably painful perianal eruption for 5 years (Figure 1). Prior treatment with topical zinc oxide, oral fluconazole, and Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid resulted in no improvement. She denied chronic diarrhea or cutaneous blistering.

Tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy in a patient with bilateral lesions in the dorsal medulla.

Tako-tsubo-like cardiomyopathy (TTC) is much more common than originally thought. The exact pathophysiology of TTC is unclear. The most accepted theory proposes myocardial stunning of neurogenic origin, supported by the frequent antecedent of emotional or physical stress, suggesting a catecholamine-mediated mechanism.

Application of depression criteria (DSM-IV) in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical differences between Parkinson's disease patients with major (MD) and minor depression (md) and to see how both affect the quality of life.

Material And Methods: 118 patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The mean age of onset was 60.

Restless legs syndrome in Parkinson's disease.

The present study explores the frequency of RLS in PD and focuses on the clinical differences between patients with and without restless legs syndrome (RLS). A cross-sectional study was designed, comprising 114 patients diagnosed with PD. Those patients positive for RLS were assessed for intensity of the syndrome (IRLS).

Lrrk2-associated parkinsonism is a major cause of disease in Northern Spain.

Herein we describe a comparative clinical and genetic study of Lrrk2-associated parkinsonism in Northern Spain. In our sample from the Basque region, Lrrk2 R1441G and G2019S account for 15 out of 50 kindreds (30%) with familial Parkinson's disease. We observe common founder haplotypes for both R1441G and G2019S carriers.

Sleep complaints and their relation with drug treatment in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease.

The aim of this research was to quantify sleep problems in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease by means of the new Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and to correlate such problems with the possible influence of current drug treatment. A total of 70 patients (36 men and 34 women) with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease were enrolled. Their mean age was 69.

Use of ziprasidone in parkinsonian patients with psychosis.

Twelve patients with Parkinson disease and psychosis were included in an open-label 12-week trial of ziprasidone. Two patients withdrew from the treatment because of adverse effects. The remaining 10 patients reported a significant improvement in psychiatric symptoms.

Familial prion diseases in the Basque Country (Spain).

In 1995, a surveillance system for prion diseases was set up in the Basque Country, an autonomous region in northern Spain (2.1 million inhabitants). In the period from January 1993 to December 2003, we diagnosed 21 patients with familial prion diseases prospectively and another 4 patients retrospectively.