α1 S1928 Phosphorylation of Ca1.2 Channel Controls Vascular Reactivity and Blood Pressure.

Background: Increased vascular Ca1.2 channel function causes enhanced arterial tone during hypertension. This is mediated by elevations in angiotensin II/protein kinase C signaling.

Fueling the heartbeat: Dynamic regulation of intracellular ATP during excitation-contraction coupling in ventricular myocytes.

The heart beats approximately 100,000 times per day in humans, imposing substantial energetic demands on cardiac muscle. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an essential energy source for normal function of cardiac muscle during each beat, as it powers ion transport, intracellular Ca handling, and actin-myosin cross-bridge cycling. Despite this, the impact of excitation-contraction coupling on the intracellular ATP concentration ([ATP]) in myocytes is poorly understood.

The life cycle of a capillary: Mechanisms of angiogenesis and rarefaction in microvascular physiology and pathologies.

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels (<10 μm in diameter) in the body and their walls are lined by endothelial cells. These microvessels play a crucial role in nutrient and gas exchange between blood and tissues. Capillary endothelial cells also produce vasoactive molecules and initiate the electrical signals that underlie functional hyperemia and neurovascular coupling.

Reverse shoulder arthroplasty or nothing for patients with displaced proximal humeral fractures: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The benefits of reverse shoulder arthroplasty compared to nonoperative treatment for patients presenting with complex proximal fractures have been rarely explored. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the functional results of reverse shoulder arthroplasty with those of nonsurgical treatment in patients with displaced proximal humeral fractures.

Methods: A multicentric prospective randomized control trial of patients older than 70 years who sustained an acute proximal humeral fracture (3 or 4 parts), with less than 3 weeks of evolution, and had no previous condition or surgery on the affected shoulder was conducted.

A computational model predicts sex-specific responses to calcium channel blockers in mammalian mesenteric vascular smooth muscle.

The function of the smooth muscle cells lining the walls of mammalian systemic arteries and arterioles is to regulate the diameter of the vessels to control blood flow and blood pressure. Here, we describe an in silico model, which we call the 'Hernandez-Hernandez model', of electrical and Ca signaling in arterial myocytes based on new experimental data indicating sex-specific differences in male and female arterial myocytes from murine resistance arteries. The model suggests the fundamental ionic mechanisms underlying membrane potential and intracellular Ca signaling during the development of myogenic tone in arterial blood vessels.

Interstitial cells of Cajal - pacemakers of the gastrointestinal tract.

Gastrointestinal (GI) organs display spontaneous, non-neurogenic electrical, and mechanical rhythmicity that underlies fundamental motility patterns, such as peristalsis and segmentation. Electrical rhythmicity (aka slow waves) results from pacemaker activity generated by interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). ICC express a unique set of ionic conductances and Ca handling mechanisms that generate and actively propagate slow waves.

Are Cutibacterium acnes delivered from skin to deep tissues in primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty? A prospective study.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to determine whether the deep tissues are inoculated during surgery with the Cutibacterium acnes still present in the skin after the surgical preparation in reverse shoulder arthroplasties.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study including patients undergoing surgery with reverse shoulder arthroplasty. All the patients received preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin (2 g IV) and the skin was prepared with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate and 70% isopropyl alcohol.

A multiscale predictive digital twin for neurocardiac modulation.

Cardiac function is tightly regulated by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Activation of the sympathetic nervous system increases cardiac output by increasing heart rate and stroke volume, while parasympathetic nerve stimulation instantly slows heart rate. Importantly, imbalance in autonomic control of the heart has been implicated in the development of arrhythmias and heart failure.

The formation of K2.1 macro-clusters is required for sex-specific differences in L-type Ca1.2 clustering and function in arterial myocytes.

In arterial myocytes, the canonical function of voltage-gated Ca1.2 and K2.1 channels is to induce myocyte contraction and relaxation through their responses to membrane depolarization, respectively.

The formation of K 2.1 macro-clusters is required for sex-specific differences in L-type Ca 1.2 clustering and function in arterial myocytes.

In arterial myocytes, the canonical function of voltage-gated Ca 1.2 and K 2.1 channels is to induce myocyte contraction and relaxation through their responses to membrane depolarization, respectively.

A computational model predicts sex-specific responses to calcium channel blockers in mammalian mesenteric vascular smooth muscle.

The function of the smooth muscle cells lining the walls of mammalian systemic arteries and arterioles is to regulate the diameter of the vessels to control blood flow and blood pressure. Here, we describe an model, which we call the "Hernandez-Hernandez model", of electrical and signaling in arterial myocytes based on new experimental data indicating sex-specific differences in male and female arterial myocytes from murine resistance arteries. The model suggests the fundamental ionic mechanisms underlying membrane potential and intracellular signaling during the development of myogenic tone in arterial blood vessels.

Blockade of Kv7 channels reverses the inhibitory effects of exchange protein directly activated by cAMP activation on purinergic contractions of the murine detrusor.

Purinergic contractions of the detrusor are reduced by cAMP, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We examined the effects of BK and Kv7 channel modulators on purinergic contractions of the detrusor and tested if the inhibitory effects of activators of the cAMP effectors, PKA and EPAC, were reduced by blockade of BK or Kv7 channels. Purinergic contractions of the murine detrusor were induced by electric field stimulation (EFS) or application of the P2X receptor agonist α,β-MeATP.

Scratching the surface: a new species of Bent-toed gecko (Squamata, Gekkonidae, ) from Timor-Leste of the group marks the potential for future discoveries.

A new species of limestone-dwelling Bent-toed gecko (genus ) is described from Nino Konis Santana National Park in the far-east region of Timor-Leste. Both genetic and morphological data strongly support the evolutionary distinctness of the new species, which we describe herein as Phylogenetic analysis based on the ND2 mitochondrial gene inferred the new species as part of the group with close genetic affinities to , , , , and two undescribed lineages from the Moluccas in Indonesia. The new species represents the first species of identified at the species level from Timor-Leste and fills an important gap in our understanding of the biogeography and evolutionary history of especially in the Wallacean region.

Regulating voltage-gated ion channels with nanobodies.

In this work, Morgenstern and colleagues describe an approach involving functionalized nanobodies which decrease the activity of voltage-gated Ca channels associated with β subunits and promote their removal from the surface membrane of neurons and muscle.

Minimal number of cultures needed to detect Cutibacterium acnes in primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a prospective study.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the minimum number of cultures needed to detect Cutibacterium acnes in primary reverse shoulder arthroplasties (RSAs).

Methods: It is a prospective study including 160 primary RSAs. Exclusion criteria included an active infection, an invasive shoulder treatment in the last 6 months before surgery, an Arthro-SCAN or Arthro-MRI in the last 6 months before surgery, previous shoulder surgeries and revision cases.

Patients Lost to Follow-up in Shoulder Arthroplasty: Descriptive Characteristics and Reasons.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the number of patients lost to follow-up yearly in shoulder arthroplasty and investigate the characteristics of the patients lost to follow-up that may differ from those not lost to follow-up.

Methods: All shoulder arthroplasties performed from January 2008 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The number of patients lost to follow-up was determined yearly.