Molecular monitoring by CDKN2A/p16INK4A and RB1 gene methylation in breast cancer.

Objective: This prospective study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of the methylation status of two pivotal genes, CDKN2A/p16INK4A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) and RB1 (retinoblastoma transcriptional corepressor 1), in breast cancer patients.

Methods: Samples were obtained from 15 women diagnosed with breast cancer and who underwent a total mastectomy. DNA was extracted from the tumor, non-tumor tissue, and peripheral blood (circulating cell-free DNA).

Immunopathology of Renal Tissue in Fatal Cases of Dengue in Children.

Dengue virus (DENV) infection represents a worldwide public health concern and can cause damage to multiple organs, including the kidney. In this work, we investigated the histopathological changes caused by dengue virus infection along with the detection of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and cell expression patterns in the renal tissue of three fatal cases in children. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining was performed to analyze these histopathological changes.

SARS-CoV-2 infection of the central nervous system in a 14-month-old child: A case report of a complete autopsy.

Background: Neurological and other systemic complications occur in adults with severe COVID-19. Here we describe SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by neuroinvasion in the tissues of a child.

Methods: We performed a complete autopsy of a 14-month-old child who died of COVID-19 pneumonitis.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasia of the pancreas: a review.

Objectives: To review the literature and the diagnosis of conventional histopathological routine and immunohistochemistry of the cases diagnosed with Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas (SPNP).

Methods: The review of the literature was done using the Pubmed and solid Google-Scholar databases, through the historical, clinical aspects and diagnostic methods of SPNP. The review of SPNP cases diagnosed in the University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho was carried out from 1977 to 2018.

Systematic identification of cancer-specific MHC-binding peptides with RAVEN.

Immunotherapy can revolutionize anti-cancer therapy if specific targets are available. Immunogenic peptides encoded by cancer-specific genes (CSGs) may enable targeted immunotherapy, even of oligo-mutated cancers, which lack neo-antigens generated by protein-coding missense mutations. Here, we describe an algorithm and user-friendly software named RAVEN (Rich Analysis of Variable gene Expressions in Numerous tissues) that automatizes the systematic and fast identification of CSG-encoded peptides highly affine to Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC) starting from transcriptome data.

Placental Inflammation and Fetal Injury in a Rare Zika Case Associated With Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Abortion.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging virus involved in recent outbreaks in Brazil. The association between the virus and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) or congenital disorders has raised a worldwide concern. In this work, we investigated a rare Zika case, which was associated with GBS and spontaneous retained abortion.

Sweet Syndrome in childhood.

Sweet syndrome or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is a recurrent and rare skin disease caused by the release of cytokines, with diverse possible etiologic causes. It presents clinically with polymorphic skin lesions, fever, arthralgia, and peripheral leukocytosis. In general, it is associated with infections, malignancy and drugs.

Do you know this syndrome?

Bloch-Sulzberger syndrome (incontinentia pigmenti) is a rare genodermatosis that affects predominantly females, since it is generally lethal to male fetuses in utero. It is characterized principally by skin lesions, but may also involve dental, ophthalmological and neurological abnormalities. The skin lesions are present in four different phases: vesicular, verrucous, hyperpigmented and atrophic/hypopigmented.

Infectious diseases in paediatric pathology: experience from a developing country.

Infectious and parasitic diseases have always challenged man. Although many of them are typically seen in some areas of the world and can be adequately managed by just improving socioeconomic status and sanitary conditions, they are still quite prevalent and may sometimes be seen outside their original geographical areas. Human migration due to different reasons, tourism, blood transfusion and solid organ transplantation has created new concerns for health professionals all over the world.