Mediterranean diet, neutrophil count, and carotid intima-media thickness in secondary prevention: the CORDIOPREV study.

Background And Aims: Several studies have supported the role of innate immune system as a key factor in the sterile inflammation underlying the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in mice. However, its involvement in humans remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between neutrophil count, and the intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries (IMT-CC), as well as the potential impact of long-term dietary interventions on these associations.

Decreased neutrophils are associated with reduced risk of Type 2 Diabetes Incidence: Results from the CORDIOPREV study.

Background: Numerous studies have reported an association between neutrophils and T2DM, although this relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the interaction of neutrophils and a dietary intervention on T2DM incidence after 60 months of follow-up.

Methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the framework of the CORDIOPREV study, which included 462 patients without T2DM at the beginning of the study.

One-Year Impact of Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Sperm Quality.

Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have toxic potential, especially as carcinogens, neurotoxins, and endocrine disruptors. The objective of this study is to know the impact of exposure to PAHs on the reproductive health of male workers who operate in solar thermal plants.

Methods: Case-control study.

Mediterranean diet as a strategy for preserving kidney function in patients with coronary heart disease with type 2 diabetes and obesity: a secondary analysis of CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is recognized an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The precise contribution and differential response to treatment strategies to reduce kidney dysfunction, depending on whether obesity is present alongside T2DM or not, remain to be fully clarified. Our objective was to improve our understanding of how obesity contributes to kidney function in patients with T2DM and coronary heart disease (CHD), who are highly predisposed to CKD, to assign the most effective dietary approach to preserve kidney function.

QuantiFERON-CMV assay by chemiluminescence immunoassay: Is it more suitable for real-live monitoring of transplant patients?

Background: The QuantiFERONCMV (QF-CMV) assay is an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) used to monitor CMV-specific cell-mediated immunity (CMV-CMI) by ELISA in transplant patients. However, a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) has been developed to quantify IFNG in the QuantiFERON-Tuberculosis (TB) to detect latent TB infection.

Objectives: The aim of this work is to compare the results of QF-CMV by ELISA with those obtained by CLIA in an automated Liaison XL analyzer using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus reagents.

Diet and Genotype Interact to Modulate Aging-Related Processes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: From the CORDIOPREV Study.

We investigated whether long-term consumption of two healthy diets (low-fat (LF) or Mediterranean (Med)) interacts with SIRT1 genotypes to modulate aging-related processes such as leucocyte telomere length (LTL), oxidative stress (OxS) and inflammation in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). LTL, inflammation, OxS markers (at baseline and after 4 years of follow-up) and SIRT1-Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs7069102 and rs1885472) were determined in patients from the CORDIOPREV study. We analyzed the genotype-marker interactions and the effect of diet on these interactions.

A Gene Variation at the ZPR1 Locus (rs964184) Interacts With the Type of Diet to Modulate Postprandial Triglycerides in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: From the Coronary Diet Intervention With Olive Oil and Cardiovascular Prevention Study.

Background And Aims: rs964184 variant in the ZPR1 gene has been associated with blood lipids levels both in fasting and postprandial state and with the risk of myocardial infarction in high-risk cardiovascular patients. However, whether this association is modulated by diet has not been studied.

Objective: To investigate whether the type of diet (low-fat or Mediterranean diets) interacts with genetic variability at this loci to modulate fasting and postprandial lipids in coronary patients.

Long-term secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet and a low-fat diet (CORDIOPREV): a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Mediterranean and low-fat diets are effective in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We did a long-term randomised trial to compare the effects of these two diets in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: The CORDIOPREV study was a single-centre, randomised clinical trial done at the Reina Sofia University Hospital in Córdoba, Spain.

Diabetes Remission Is Modulated by Branched Chain Amino Acids According to the Diet Consumed: From the CORDIOPREV Study.

Scope: Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) plasma levels may be differentially associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission through the consumption of the Mediterranean diet (Med) and a low-fat (LF) diet.

Methods: One hundred eighty-three newly diagnosed T2DM patients within the CORDIOPREV study are randomized to consume the Med or a LF diet. BCAA plasma levels (isoleucine, leucine, and valine) are measured at fasting and after 120 min of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at the baseline of the study and after 5 years of the dietary intervention.

Chronodisruption and diet associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in coronary heart disease patients: the CORDIOPREV study.

Individuals with evening chronotypes are prone to suffer chronodisruption and display worse lifestyle habits than morning-types, exhibiting higher cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, it is unknown whether CVD patients, who are evening chronotypes, have higher cardiometabolic risk than morning-types. This study explored whether individual chronotypes were associated with cardiometabolic risk in patients from the CORDIOPREV study (n = 857).

Influence of dietary intervention on microvascular endothelial function in coronary patients and atherothrombotic risk of recurrence.

Endothelial dysfunction is a key player in both the onset and development of atherosclerosis. No study has examined whether healthy dietary patterns can improve microvascular endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in the long-term and whether this relationship can affect patient's risk of CHD recurrence. In the CORDIOPREV study, a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, dietary intervention with either the Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet was implemented in 1,002 CHD patients.

A plasma fatty acid profile associated to type 2 diabetes development: from the CORDIOPREV study.

Purpose: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. For this reason, it is essential to identify biomarkers for the early detection of T2DM risk and/or for a better prognosis of T2DM. We aimed to identify a plasma fatty acid (FA) profile associated with T2DM development.

MiRNAs profile as biomarkers of nutritional therapy for the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: From the CORDIOPREV study.

Background And Aim: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased worldwide. One of the first actions to reduce the risk of this disease is to implement healthy dietary models; however, no universal dietary strategies have so far been established. In addition, MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as new biomarkers to predict disease.

Age-dependent effect of metabolic phenotypes on carotid atherosclerotic disease in coronary heart disease patients (CORDIOPREV study).

Background: Aging is associated with a high risk for cardiovascular disease. The relation of obesity and risk of cardiovascular events appears to be more closely linked to certain clinical or metabolic phenotypes than to obesity itself. Our aim was to establish whether aging influenced the metabolic phenotypes regarding to cardiovascular risk, evaluated by changes in the intima media thickness-common carotid (IMT-CC), in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.

Long-term dietary adherence and changes in dietary intake in coronary patients after intervention with a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet: the CORDIOPREV randomized trial.

Purpose: Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern positively influences clinical outcomes in cardiovascular prevention, but long-term adherence is difficult to maintain. We evaluated 5-year changes in dietary habits, adherence achieved, and its maintenance in a cohort of coronary patients from the CORDIOPREV study.

Methods: 1002 coronary patients were randomized to a Mediterranean diet (n = 502) or a low-fat diet (n = 500) and received individual-group-telephone visits and personalized dietary advice.

Beneficial effect of CETP gene polymorphism in combination with a Mediterranean diet influencing lipid metabolism in metabolic syndrome patients: CORDIOPREV study.

The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene has been implicated in high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) metabolism. However, little is known about the impact of this gene on metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients and its interaction with diet. Here, we evaluate whether the consumption of a Mediterranean diet, compared with a Low-fat diet, interacts with the rs3764261 SNP at the CETP locus to modify lipid metabolism in MetS patients.

Assessment of postprandial triglycerides in clinical practice: Validation in a general population and coronary heart disease patients.

Background: Previous studies have suggested that for clinical purposes, subjects with fasting triglycerides (TGs) between 89-180 mg/dl (1-2 mmol/l) would benefit from postprandial TGs testing.

Objective: To determine the postprandial TG response in 2 independent studies and validate who should benefit diagnostically from an oral-fat tolerance test (OFTT) in clinical practice.

Methods: A population of 1002 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) from the CORDIOPREV clinical trial and 1115 white US subjects from the GOLDN study underwent OFTTs.

TNFA gene variants related to the inflammatory status and its association with cellular aging: From the CORDIOPREV study.

Background: Several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been proposed as potential predictors of the development of age-related diseases.

Objective: To explore whether Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFA) gene variants were associated with inflammatory status, thus facilitating the rate of telomere shortening and its relation to cellular aging in a population with established cardiovascular disease from the CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937).

Materials And Methods: SNPs (rs1800629 and rs1799964) located at the TNFA gene were genotyped by OpenArray platform in 840 subjects with established cardiovascular disease.

CORonary Diet Intervention with Olive oil and cardiovascular PREVention study (the CORDIOPREV study): Rationale, methods, and baseline characteristics: A clinical trial comparing the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil versus a low-fat diet on cardiovascular disease in coronary patients.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) represents a major global health burden. However, despite the well-known influence that dietary habits exert over the progression of this disease, there are no well-established and scientifically sound dietary approaches to prevent the onset of clinical outcomes in secondary prevention. The objective of the CORonary Diet Intervention with Olive oil and cardiovascular PREVention study (CORDIOPREV study, clinical trials number NCT00924937) is to compare the ability of a Mediterranean diet rich in virgin olive oil versus a low-fat diet to influence the composite incidence of cardiovascular events after 7 years in subjects with documented CHD at baseline.

Correction: Influence of Obesity and Metabolic Disease on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CordioPrev Study).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Statins do not increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in familial hypercholesterolemia: The SAFEHEART study.

Background: Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is the most common monogenic disorder that causes premature coronary artery disease (CAD). Our objective was to examine the risk of new onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among FH patients and unaffected relatives in relation to treatment with different statins in the SAFEHEART cohort study.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional and prospective cohort study in 2558 FH and 1265 unaffected relatives with a mean follow-up of 5.

Metabolic phenotypes of obesity influence triglyceride and inflammation homoeostasis.

Background: We examined the degree of postprandial triglyceride (TG) response over the day, representing a highly dynamic state, with continuous metabolic adaptations, among normal-weight, overweight and obese patients, according to their metabolically healthy or abnormal status.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1002 patients from the CORDIOPREV clinical trial (NCT00924937) were submitted to an oral fat load test meal with 0·7 g fat/kg body weight (12% saturated fatty acids (SFA), 10% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 43% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 10% protein and 25% carbohydrates). Serial blood test analysing lipid fractions and inflammation markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)) were drawn at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h during postprandial state.

Beneficial effect of CLOCK gene polymorphism rs1801260 in combination with low-fat diet on insulin metabolism in the patients with metabolic syndrome.

Genetic variation at the Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) locus has been associated with lifestyle-related conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases. In fact, it has been suggested that the disruption of the circadian system may play a causal role in manifestations of MetS. The aim of this research was to find out whether habitual consumption of a low-fat diet, compared with a Mediterranean diet enriched with olive oil, modulates the associations between common CLOCK single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1801260, rs3749474 and rs4580704) and lipid and glucose-related traits among MetS patients.