Histopathology of Idiopathic Condylar Resorption Differs From Temporomandibular Joint-Only Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Background: Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is a rare condition of unknown etiology characterized by progressive decrease in volume and pathologic remodeling of a previously normal mandibular condyle. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) affecting only the temporomandibular joint (TMJ-only JIA) is characterized by synovitis and destruction of TMJ tissues without involvement of other joints. It is often difficult to differentiate the 2 conditions because they exhibit similar phenotypes.

Liposuction as a Treatment for Lipedema: A Scoping Review.

Background: Lipedema is the progressive symmetrical deposition of subcutaneous fat and fluid in the lower body, ordinarily sparing the trunk, upper limbs, face, and neck. It may follow an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The gold standard treatment for lipedema is complete decongestive therapy, consisting of manual lymphatic drainage and compression garments.

Laser Ablation Facilitates Implantation of Dynamic Self-Regenerating Cartilage for Articular Cartilage Regeneration.

Objectives: This study investigated a novel strategy for improving regenerative cartilage outcomes. It combines fractional laser treatment with the implantation of neocartilage generated from autologous dynamic Self-Regenerating Cartilage (dSRC).

Methods: dSRC was generated in vitro from harvested autologous swine chondrocytes.

A regenerative approach for temporomandibular joint repair: An in vitro and ex vivo study.

Background: Current clinical approaches to regenerate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articulating cartilage defects only treat the symptoms (i.e. pain and dysfunction) and do not seek to restore joint integrity for long-term relief.

Rodents as an animal model for studying tooth extraction-related medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: assessment of outcomes.

Objective: To assess the outcomes of several rodent animal models for studying tooth extraction-related medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).

Design: After a search of the databases, 2004 articles were located, and 118 corroborated the inclusion factors (in vivo studies in rodents evaluating tooth extraction as a risk factor for the development of MRONJ).

Results: Numerous studies attempting to establish an optimal protocol to induce MRONJ were found.

Gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel with and without dental pulp stem cells for TMJ regeneration: An in vivo study in rabbits.

Background: In the last decade, tissue-engineering strategies for regenerating the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) have been investigated. This may be a promising strategy for the minimally invasive restoration of joint integrity.

Objectives: To evaluate whether dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) loaded in a light-occured hydrogel made of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) enhance the regeneration of osteochondral defects in the rabbit TMJ.

Temporomandibular Joint Fibrocartilage Contains CD105 Positive Mouse Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells with Increased Chondrogenic Potential.

Objective: A specific type of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs), CD105 is reported to aid in cartilage regeneration through TGF-β/Smad2-signalling. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize CD105 MSPCs in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage.

Materials And Methods: MSPCs were isolated from mouse TMJ condyle explants and evaluated for their clonogenicity and pluripotential abilities.

Photosealing of dural defects using a biocompatible patch.

Purpose: Photosealing of many biological tissues can be achieved using a biocompatible material in combination with a dye that is activated by visible light to chemically bond over the tissue defect via protein cross-linking reactions. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of photosealing using a commercially available biomembrane (AmnioExcel Plus) to securely close dural defects in comparison to another sutureless method (fibrin glue) in terms of repair strength.

Methods: Two-millimeter diameter holes were created in dura harvested from New Zealand white rabbits and repaired ex vivo using one of two methods: (1) in n = 10 samples, photosealing was used to bond a 6-mm-diameter AmnioExcel Plus patch over the dural defect, and (2) in n = 10 samples, fibrin glue was used to attach the same patch over the dural defect.

Dose-dependent effects of zoledronic acid on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs).

Recent studies have shown that bisphosphonates can also impact osteoblasts besides osteoclasts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of Zoledronic acid (ZA) during the osteogenic differentiation of human Bone Marrow Stem Cells (hBMSCs) in vitro. Thus, osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs was conducted with different concentrations of Zoledronic Acid (ZA) (0, 0.

Effects of periodontitis on cancer outcomes in the era of immunotherapy.

Periodontitis results from dysbiosis of the oral microbiome and affects up to 70% of US adults aged 65 years and older. More than 50 systemic inflammatory disorders and comorbidities are associated with periodontitis, many of which overlap with immunotherapy-associated toxicities. Despite the increasing use of immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer, uncertainty remains as to whether the microbial shift associated with periodontal disease can influence response rates and tolerance to cancer immunotherapy.

Bone Marrow Stem Cells with Tissue-Engineered Scaffolds for Large Bone Segmental Defects: A Systematic Review.

Critical-sized bone defects (CSBDs) represent a significant clinical challenge, stimulating researchers to seek new methods for successful bone reconstruction. The aim of this systematic review is to assess whether bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) combined with tissue-engineered scaffolds have demonstrated improved bone regeneration in the treatment of CSBD in large preclinical animal models. A search of electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) focused on large animal studies identified 10 articles according to the following inclusion criteria: (1) large animal models with segmental bone defects; (2) treatment with tissue-engineered scaffolds combined with BMSCs; (3) the presence of a control group; and (4) a minimum of a histological analysis outcome.

Arthroscopic management of synovial chondromatosis with skull base perforation: A case report and literature review.

Objective: Synovial chondromatosis (SC) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial membrane disease characterized by the formation of cartilaginous nodules (CN), that may erode the skull base. Historically, cases with skull base involvement have been treated with open surgery. We report a case of TMJ SC with skull base perforation treated and repaired via minimally invasive TMJ arthroscopy and describe the advanced endoscopic operative maneuvers performed.

Photo-crosslinked GelMA loaded with dental pulp stem cells and VEGF to repair critical-sized soft tissue defects in rats.

Background: Tissue engineering of skin and mucosa is essential for the esthetic and functional reconstruction of individuals disfigured by trauma, resection surgery, or severe burns while overcoming the limited amount of autograft and donor site morbidity.

Purpose: We aimed to determine whether a combination of Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel scaffold alone or loaded with either dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could improve skin wound healing in rats.

Materials And Methods: Four 10 mm full-thickness skin defects were created on the dorsum of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats.

Comparative Evaluation of Implants with Different Surface Treatments Placed in Human Edentulous Mandibles: A 1-Year Prospective Study.

The aims of this study were to analyze prospectively and comparatively the peri-implant bone crest levels, bone density, stability and success rate of implants with different surface treatments in human edentulous mandibles. Twenty edentulous patients were selected. Four different implants were placed between the mental foramen.

Chondrogenic differentiation of mouse CD105+ stem/progenitor cells on amino-group-functionalized biosilica-hydrogel scaffolds.

Objectives: Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) are critical for tissue regeneration. Moreover, the CD105 antigen identifies early MSPCs with increased chondrogenic differentiation ability. We hypothesized that amine-(NH)-functionalized biosilica incorporating hydrogel scaffolds, seeded with mCoSPCs would contribute to creating tissue-engineered scaffolds, capable of de novo cartilage synthesis.

A new multiphase calcium phosphate graft material improves bone healing-An in vitro and in vivo analysis.

This study aims to evaluate the potential of a novel biomaterial synthesized from amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), and hydroxyapatite (HA) to repair critical-sized defects (CSD) in rabbit calvaria. In vitro analyses of cell viability, cell proliferation, formation of mineral nodules, and cell differentiation using qPCR were performed for comparing experimental calcium phosphate (ECP), deproteinized bovine bone (DBB), and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). Bilateral CSDs were created in 45 rabbit calvaria.

Evaluation of oral implant survival rate in postmenopausal women with osteopenia/osteoporosis. A retrospective pilot study.

Background: Implant placement is a common part of dental rehabilitation in older individuals. The role of diminished bone mineral density on the healing of dental implants remains to be elucidated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the implant survival rate in postmenopausal women with osteopenia/osteoporosis.

Light-Activated Vascular Anastomosis.

. There have been few advances in technique since vascular anastomosis was performed with silk suture on a curved needle in 1902. This technique results in disruption of the endothelium with exposed intraluminal suture, both of which may lead to thrombocyte aggregation, intimal hyperplasia, and vascular stenosis.

A rabbit model to investigate temporomandibular joint osteochondral regeneration.

Objective: The objective of this study was 2-fold: (1) to describe the rabbit temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anatomy and (2) to provide a detailed, step-by-step description of a minimally invasive approach to perform a standard osteochondral TMJ defect that can be used to investigate the regenerative potential of biomaterials.

Study Design: This study was performed in 2 steps. In the first, a total of 8 rabbit carcasses (n = 16 joints) were used to study the normal TMJ anatomy and histology to develop a minimally invasive approach to access the articulating surface of the condyle to perform a standard osteochondral defect.

Dronabinol inhibits alveolar bone remodeling in tooth movement of rats.

Introduction: Orthodontic tooth movement is reliant on the process of bone remodeling, and a variety of medications impact the ability of teeth to move through bone. Marijuana is the most widely used recreational drug in the world, and early studies suggest the drug impacts bone remodeling as tetrahydrocannabinol binds to cannabinoid receptors which play a role in bone homeostasis. This study aimed to assess the impact of dronabinol on alveolar bone remodeling in rats with otherwise healthy tissue when subjected to orthodontic forces.

Increased Osteogenic Activity of Dynamic Cultured Composite Bone Scaffolds: Characterization and In Vitro Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and characterize beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, with 2 different ratios (50/50% and 65/35%), using 3-dimensionally (3D) printed dissolvable molds, and to evaluate cellular growth and osteogenic differentiation of both groups seeded with porcine bone marrow stem cells (pBMSCs) under dynamic culture in vitro.

Materials And Methods: Two different groups of scaffolds were produced: group 1 (n = 40) with a ratio (wt%) of 50/50% and group 2 (n = 40) with 65/35% of β-TCP/PCL. Physicochemical, morphological, and mechanical characterization of the scaffolds were performed.

Antineoplastic agents aggravate the damages caused by nicotine on the peri-implant bone: an in vivo histomorphometric and immunohistochemical study in rats.

Objective: To assess the interaction between chemotherapy and normal tissues is critical to assure quality of life during and after the treatment of cancer. This study evaluated the influence of cisplatin (CIS) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) over the peri-implant tissues around osseointegrated titanium implants in animals previously exposed to nicotine. Materials and methods One hundred twenty male rats were divided into two groups, receiving via subcutaneous injection, either physiological saline solution (PSS) (n = 30) or nicotine hemissulfate (NIC) (n = 90) for 30 days prior to implants' placement.

Mechanical Stress Analysis of Different Configurations of the All-on-4 Concept in Atrophic Mandible: A 3D Finite Element Study.

Purpose: This study evaluated the mechanical behavior of different configurations of the All-on-4 treatment concept designed with straight short (6-mm-length), straight standard (11-mm-length), or tilted standard (30-degree angled; 11-mm-length) posterior implants.

Materials And Methods: The All-on-4 configurations were performed in atrophic mandible models and consisted of anterior straight standard and posterior tilted standard implants (H1 model), anterior straight standard and posterior straight short implants (H2 model), and anterior and posterior straight standard implants (H3 model). Three oblique forces of 100 N were simulated in the posterior region of the prosthetic bar.

Induction, Treatment, and Prevention of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis-A Systematic Review of Comparative Animal Studies.

Purpose: Several animal models of temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) have been described for more than the past 2 decades. The aim of this study was 2-fold: 1) to compile and summarize the evidence of animal studies that compare different forms to induce, treat (disease already established), or prevent (after trauma) TMJA; and 2) to address the following focused question: what is the quality of reporting in these studies?

Materials And Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Animal studies conducted up to October 2019 comparing at least 2 procedures to induce, treat (disease already established), or prevent (after trauma) TMJA were considered.