Effect of prehabilitation programmes on functional capacity in patients awaiting oncological resections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of prehabilitation on the perioperative functional capacity of patients awaiting oncological resections.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist and within the databases Cochrane Library, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, MEDLINE PubMed, and Web of Science. The eligibility criteria were set to include peer-reviewed randomised control trials including only adult (≥ 18 years old) patients undergoing any type of prehabilitation (PREHAB) prior to any type of oncological resection.

Commentary: Key Aspects of Multimodal Prehabilitation in Surgical Patients With Cancer. A Practical Approach to Integrating Resistance Exercise Programs.

Surgical prehabilitation aims to optimise patients' physiological reserves to better withstand the stress of surgery, reduce the risk of postoperative complications, and promote a faster and optimal recovery. The purpose of this commentary is to outline the key aspects of prehabilitation before surgery for cancer which seem to impact its effectiveness and wider implementation. Particular attention is paid to the role and integration of resistance training programmes as a key component of multimodal prehabilitation for patients with cancer.

Effects of protein-carbohydrate vs. carbohydrate alone supplementation on immune inflammation markers in endurance athletes: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: The impact of ingesting carbohydrates alone or combined with proteins to support exercise immune adaptation in endurance athletes is scarcely investigated. The present study compares the effect of ingesting a combined protein-carbohydrate supplement vs. a carbohydrate-only supplement post-workout on immune inflammation markers following a 10 week periodized endurance training program in well-trained athletes.

No impact of combining multi-ingredient supplementation with exercise on body composition and physical performance, in healthy middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Protein-based multi-ingredient (MTN) supplements have been suggested as a safe and effective way of enhancing exercise outcomes. However, their effectiveness remains controversial when compared to isocaloric and single-nutrient supplements. This review aims to systematically summarise the current knowledge of multi-ingredient supplementation to optimise body composition and physical performance in middle-aged and older adults.

Physiological effects of microcurrent and its application for maximising acute responses and chronic adaptations to exercise.

Microcurrent is a non-invasive and safe electrotherapy applied through a series of sub-sensory electrical currents (less than 1 mA), which are of a similar magnitude to the currents generated endogenously by the human body. This review focuses on examining the physiological mechanisms mediating the effects of microcurrent when combined with different exercise modalities (e.g.

Estimation of peak vertical velocity and relative load changes by subjective measures in weightlifting movements.

To investigate the ability of the OMNI-RES (0-10) scale to estimate velocity and loading changes during sets to failure in the hang power clean (HPC) exercise. Eleven recreationally resistance-trained males (28.5 ± 3.

Effects of Combining a Ketogenic Diet with Resistance Training on Body Composition, Strength, and Mechanical Power in Trained Individuals: A Narrative Review.

Ketogenic diets (KD) have gained popularity in recent years among strength-trained individuals. The present review summarizes current evidence-with a particular focus on randomized controlled trials-on the effects of KD on body composition and muscle performance (strength and power output) in strength-trained individuals. Although long-term studies (>12 weeks) are lacking, growing evidence supports the effectiveness of an ad libitum and energy-balanced KD for reducing total body and fat mass, at least in the short term.

Impact of Low Volume Velocity-Controlled vs. Repetition to Failure Resistance Training Session on Measures of Explosive Performance in a Team of Adolescents Basketball Players.

This study examined the short-term effects (post 6 h and 24 h) of two equated (70% of 1 repetition maximum (1-RM)) low volume resistance exercise protocols: (i) velocity-controlled (VC) and (ii) repetition to failure (RTF) on upper and lower body performance in competitive adolescent male basketball players. Following a randomized, counterbalanced design, ten participants (age: 16 ± 0.5 years) completed either VC or RTF separated by 72 h.

Velocity Change Estimation by Subjective Measures Over a Wide-Load Spectrum in Squat and Bench Press.

Chapman, M, Larumbe-Zabala, E, Triplett, NT, and Naclerio, F. Velocity change estimation by subjective measures over a wide-load spectrum in squat and bench press. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S51-S56, 2021-This study compared whether the perception of effort measured on a repetition-by-repetition basis during continuous sets to failure is different between squat (SQ) and bench press (BP).

Effects of Multi-Ingredient Preworkout Supplementation across a Five-Day Resistance and Endurance Training Microcycle in Middle-Aged Adults.

Preworkout multi-ingredient admixtures are used to maximise exercise performance. The present double-blind, cross-over study compared the acute effects of ingesting a preworkout multi-ingredient (PREW) admixture vs. carbohydrate (CHO) over a week (microcycle) comprising three resistance training (RT) workouts alternated with two 30-min low-intensity endurance sessions (END) on RT volume (kg lifted) and END substrate oxidation.

Effects of adding post-workout microcurrent in males cross country athletes.

Post-exercise microcurrent based treatments have shown to optimise exercise-induced adaptations in athletes. We compared the effects of endurance training in combination with either, a microcurrent or a sham treatment, on endurance performance. Additionally, changes in body composition, post-exercise lactate kinetics and perceived delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) were determined.

Chronic flavanol-rich cocoa powder supplementation reduces body fat mass in endurance athletes by modifying the follistatin/myostatin ratio and leptin levels.

Flavanols-rich cocoa has positive effects on lipid metabolism and might enhance the performance of athletes through an improvement in their body composition. To test this hypothesis a placebo-controlled intervention study in training endurance athletes who received 5 g of cocoa daily (425 mg of flavanols) for 10 weeks was performed. Dietary intake, body composition, exercise performance and plasma levels of follistatin, myostatin and leptin were measured.

Effects of Beef Protein Supplementation in Male Elite Triathletes: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind, Cross-Over Study.

Objective: Beef protein extracts are growing in popularity in recent years due to their purported anabolic effects as well as to their potential benefits on hematological variables. The present randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over study aimed to analyze the effects of beef protein supplementation on a group of male elite triathletes (Spanish National Team).

Methods: Six elite triathletes (age, 21 ± 3 years; VO, 71.

Concurrent and Construct Validation of a New Scale for Rating Perceived Exertion during Elastic Resistance Training in The Elderly.

The purpose of the study was to examine the concurrent and construct validity of a new perceptual scale to control the exercise intensity using elastic bands (Resistance Intensity Scale for Exercise; RISE) in the elderly. Twenty-six participants underwent two sessions consisting of 4 exercises. The participants performed three sets of 15 repetitions per exercise of either low, medium, or high intensity.

Effects of a Multi-ingredient Beverage on Recovery of Contractile Properties, Performance, and Muscle Soreness After Hard Resistance Training Sessions.

Naclerio, F, Larumbe-Zabala, E, Cooper, K, and Seijo, M. Effects of a multi-ingredient beverage on recovery of contractile properties, performance, and muscle soreness after hard resistance training sessions. J Strength Cond Res 34(7): 1884-1893, 2020-Carbohydrate-protein-based supplements have been proposed for maximizing postexercise recovery.

Surface Electromyography Analysis of Three Squat Exercises.

The aim of this study was to perform an electromyography comparison of three commonly used lower limb injury prevention exercises: a single-leg squat on a bench (SLSB), a double-leg squat (DLS) and a double-leg squat on a BOSU® balance trainer (DLSB). After determining the maximum isometric voluntary contraction of the hamstring and quadriceps, eight female athletes performed 3 repetitions of each exercise, while electromyography activity of the biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) was monitored. Comparisons between exercises revealed higher activation in BF (descending phase: p = 0.

Impact of Two High-Volume Set Configuration Workouts on Resistance Training Outcomes in Recreationally Trained Men.

Karsten, DB, Fu, Y, Larumbe-Zabala, DE, Seijo, DM, and Naclerio, DF. Impact of two high-volume set configuration workouts on resistance training outcomes in recreationally trained men. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S136-S143, 2021-This study compared the effects of 2 weekly equalized by volume, loading zone and frequency resistance training designs using repetition to failure (RTF) or not to failure (NTF), on body composition, strength, and mechanical power.

Physical activity and quality of life in people living with HIV.

As life expectancy in people living with HIV (PWH) has increased, the focus of management has shifted to preventing and treating chronic illnesses. Regular physical activity (PA) has been shown to reduce the impact of HIV on both physical and mental health. Our objectives were to assess the PA levels of PWH compared to HIV negative controls; investigate factors associated with PA; and determine the effect of PA levels on quality of life and mental well-being.

Intake of Animal Protein Blend Plus Carbohydrate Improves Body Composition With no Impact on Performance in Endurance Athletes.

The impact of animal protein blend supplements in endurance athletes is scarcely researched. The authors investigated the effect of ingesting an admixture providing orange juice and protein (PRO) from beef and whey versus carbohydrate alone on body composition and performance over a 10-week training period in male endurance athletes. Participants were randomly assigned to a protein (CHO + PRO, n = 15) or a nonprotein isoenergetic carbohydrate (CHO, n = 15) group.

Technical Note on Using the Movement Velocity to Estimate the Relative Load in Resistance Exercises - Letter to the Editor.

The studies by Sanchez-Medina et al. ( , (02), E80-E88. 2017) and Gonzalez-Badillo and Sanchez-Medina ( 31 347-52.

Effects of Protein Versus Carbohydrate Supplementation on Markers of Immune Response in Master Triathletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study examines the long-term effects of ingesting hydrolyzed beef protein versus carbohydrate on indirect markers of immunity during 10 weeks of endurance training in master-aged triathletes ( = 16, age 35-60 years). Participants were randomly assigned to either a hydrolyzed beef protein (PRO,  = 8) or nonprotein isoenergetic carbohydrate (CHO,  = 8) condition, which consisted of ingesting 20 g of each supplement, mixed with water, once a day immediately post workout, or before breakfast on nontraining days. Salivary human neutrophil peptides (HNP1-3) were measured before and after performing an incremental endurance test to volitional exhaustion at both pre and post intervention.

Validity and reliability of a novel optoelectronic device to measure movement velocity, force and power during the back squat exercise.

This study analysed the validity and reliability of a new optoelectronic device (Velowin) for the measurement of vertical displacement and velocity as well as to estimate force and mechanical power. Eleven trained males with Mean (SD) age = 27.4 (4.

Injury Prevention Programs Based on Flywheel vs. Body Weight Resistance in Recreational Athletes.

Monajati, A, Larumbe-Zabala, E, Sampson, MG, and Naclerio, F. Injury prevention programs based on flywheel vs. body weight resistance in recreational athletes.