Key lifestyles and health outcomes across 16 prevalent chronic diseases: A network analysis of an international observational study.

Background: Central and bridge nodes can drive significant overall improvements within their respective networks. We aimed to identify them in 16 prevalent chronic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to guide effective intervention strategies and appropriate resource allocation for most significant holistic lifestyle and health improvements.

Methods: We surveyed 16 512 adults from July 2020 to August 2021 in 30 territories.

Key lifestyles and interim health outcomes for effective interventions in general populations: A network analysis of a large international observational study.

Background: The interconnected nature of lifestyles and interim health outcomes implies the presence of the central lifestyle, central interim health outcome and bridge lifestyle, which are yet to be determined. Modifying these factors holds immense potential for substantial positive changes across all aspects of health and lifestyles. We aimed to identify these factors from a pool of 18 lifestyle factors and 13 interim health outcomes while investigating potential gender and occupation differences.

Association between empathy, anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students. Transversal study.

Background: The expression of empathy improves the quality of health care, which is why its instruction is suggested during the years of academic training of medical students. However, expressing empathy can also cause anxiety and impair psychological well-being.

Objective: To identify profiles that describe the relationship between empathy, anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students.

Global impacts of COVID-19 on lifestyles and health and preparation preferences: An international survey of 30 countries.

Background: The health area being greatest impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and residents' perspective to better prepare for future pandemic remain unknown. We aimed to assess and make cross-country and cross-region comparisons of the global impacts of COVID-19 and preparation preferences of pandemic.

Methods: We recruited adults in 30 countries covering all World Health Organization (WHO) regions from July 2020 to August 2021.

General empathy and medical empathy in Mexican medical students: Integration of an empathic profile.

Objective: To identify the association between general empathy and medical empathy. Detect predictors of the level of medical empathy from general empathy. To determine the psychosocial profile that describes the relationship between general empathy, medical empathy, and demographic and academic characteristics in medical students.

Academic and sociodemographic predictors of anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students. A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Medical students report higher levels of anxiety than students from other majors. Knowledge about their psychological well-being is scarce.

Objective: To identify sociodemographic and academic factors that predict the level of anxiety and psychological well-being in Mexican medical students.

Aplicaciones terapéuticas por acción de los cannabinoides.

The interest on cannabinoids became evident between the 1940 and 1950 decades. Although the active substance of the plant was not known, a series of compounds with cannabinomimetic activity were synthesized, which were investigated in animals and clinically. The most widely tested was Δ6a, 10a-THC hexyl.

[Posición de la Academia Nacional de Medicina de México con relación con el decreto presidencial por el que se reforman y adicionan diversas disposiciones de la Ley General de Salud, en específico aquella donde faculta a la Secretaría de Salud para diseñar y ejecutar políticas públicas que regulen el uso medicinal y científico de los derivados farmacológicos de la Cannabis sativa indica americana o marihuana, entre los que se encuentra el tetrahidrocannabinol, sus isómeros y variantes estereoquímicas, así como para normar la investigación y producción nacional de los mismos].

As a consequence of the Presidential Decree that reforms and additions the General Statute of Health with regard to medicinal and scientific use of tetrahydrocannabinol, its isomers and stereochemical variants, the National Academy of Medicine of Mexico declares its position in favor of regulating investigation and national production thereof.

[Postura de la Academia Nacional de Medicina de México en relación con las decisiones sobre el final de la vida].

There are decisions at the end of life that currently are relevant as humanistic values. Respect for human life and dignity are part of human rights. The National Academy of Medicine of Mexico declares its posture about end-of-life decisions that include treatment refusal, limitation of the therapeutic effort, advance directives and palliative sedation, among others, with the purpose to favor a peaceful death.

[Tratamientos estéticos. Posición de la Academia Nacional de Medicina de México].

In Mexico there is a proliferation of "centers for aesthetic medicine" that offer different treatments with laser beam, mesotherapy and hyaluronic acid and botulinum toxin injections. In numerous centers of this type, offered and performed by medical personnel that are neither trained or certified to ensure the quality of services. The National Academy of Medicine of Mexico and the National Normative Council for Medical Specialties (CONACEM) communicate their posture on this matter.

[Posición de la Academia Nacional de Medicina de México con el fin de regular el uso de células troncales y de embriones humanos para fines terapéuticos o de investigación].

In recent years, the use of stem cells for therapeutic purposes has received attention from research groups. In Mexico, the Mexican Official Standard 260-SSAI-2015 regarding the use of stem and progenitor cells for therapeutic and research purposes is in the process of authorization. Even when this has not been approved, an increasing number of establishments are offering medical services involving the use of stem cells for therapeutic purposes without official regulatory authorization.

Case-case comparison of smoking and alcohol risk associations with Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric cancer.

Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastric cancer. However, monoclonal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) nucleic acid is also present in up to 10% of these tumors worldwide. EBV prevalence is increased with male sex, nonantral localization and surgically disrupted anatomy.

Improved survival of gastric cancer with tumour Epstein-Barr virus positivity: an international pooled analysis.

Background And Objective: About 9% of gastric carcinomas have Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the tumour cells, but it is unclear whether viral presence influences clinical progression. We therefore examined a large multicentre case series for the association of tumour EBV status with survival after gastric cancer diagnosis, accounting for surgical stage and other prognostic factors.

Methods: We combined individual-level data on 4599 gastric cancer patients diagnosed between 1976 and 2010 from 13 studies in Asia (n=8), Europe (n=3), and Latin America (n=2).

Risk factors for gastric cancer in Latin America: a meta-analysis.

Background: Latin America has among the highest gastric cancer incidence rates in the world, for reasons that are still unknown. In order to identify region-specific risk factors for gastric cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis summarizing published literature.

Methods: Searches of PubMed and regional databases for relevant studies published up to December 2011 yielded a total of 29 independent case-control studies.

A pilot binational study of health behaviors and immigration.

In the US, Mexican immigrant women often have better health outcomes than non-Hispanic white women despite a greater health risk profile. This cross-sectional pilot study compared women living in Chavinda, Michoacán (n = 102) to women who had migrated from Mexico to Madera, California (n = 93). The interview gathered information on acculturation and risk behaviors including smoking, alcohol use and number of sexual partners.

[Blood lead levels and poor school performance among children in Mexico City].

Objective: To describe the relationship between blood lead levels (BLL) and poor school performance.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 1996 among 792 schoolchildren aged 7-14 years, who attended the outpatient units of five pediatric hospitals of Mexico City. BLL was measured together with lead exposure and academic performance.

[Poverty, youth and consumption of tobacco in Mexico].

Objective: To characterize tobacco use according to level of poverty in a random, nationally representative sample of adolescents (10 to 21 years old), living in urban areas with less than 50,000 inhabitants. The study was done in 2001 as part of the baseline assessment of the evaluation of the governmental program, Oportunidades.

Material And Methods: A questionnaire was applied to 29,548 adolescents living in 30 000 selected households and it included specific questions on individual tobacco use among other questions.

[Main challenges of the framework convention on tobacco control in Mexico: a surveillance report from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey].

Objective: This study presents findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) regarding current cigarette smoking and other tobacco epidemic indicators.

Material And Methods: The GYTS used a two-stage cluster sample survey to generate representative samples of students aged 12 to 15 years old enrolled in public, private and technical schools. The survey was undertaken at 492 schools in 21 cities.

Measurements of personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide in four Mexican cities in 1996.

Nitrogen dioxide is a ubiquitous pollutant in urban areas. Indoor NO2 concentrations are influenced by penetration of outdoor concentrations and by indoor sources. The objectives of this study were to evaluate personal exposure to NO2, taking into account human time-activity patterns in four Mexican cities.

Environmental exposure of commuters in Mexico City to volatile organic compounds as assessed by blood concentrations, 1998.

Objective: To assess the extent of exposure for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) among nonoccupationally exposed commuters in Mexico City.

Material And Methods: Blood concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-/p-xylene, o-xylene and methyl tert-butyl ether were determined on samples collected from participants after the morning commute.

Results: Median blood concentrations of benzene (0.

[Blood lead levels and exposure factors in children of Morelos state, Mexico].

Objective: To assess blood lead levels and lead exposure factors in children living in Morelos State, Mexico.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and October 1996, in 232 children aged 1-12 years, at Hospital del Niño Morelense de Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. Blood lead levels were measured by anodic voltameter, and exposure factors were collected by questionnaire.

Ozone exposure among Mexico City outdoor workers.

In researching health effects of air pollution, pollutant levels from fixed-site monitors are commonly assigned to the subjects. However, these concentrations may not reflect the exposure these individuals actually experience. A previous study of ozone (O3) exposure and lung function among shoe-cleaners working in central Mexico City used fixed-site measurements from a monitoring station near the outdoor work sites as surrogates for personal exposure.

[The tobacco industry in Mexico].

Smoking is presently one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Even though smoking is a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality, it still contributes importantly to the burden of disease. In Mexico, contrary to what is happening in other parts of the world, the smoking epidemic is in an early phase, as evidenced by the low number of lung cancer cases or deaths, and by the minimal public health efforts to control tobacco consumption.