Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding.

Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborns, with very-low-birth-weight infants usually experiencing several complications. Breast milk is considered the gold standard of nutrition, especially for preterm infants with delayed gut colonization, because it contains beneficial microorganisms, such as and .

Aim: To analyze the gut microbiota of breastfed preterm infants with a birth weight of 1500 g or less.

Annular pancreas as a cause of neonatal duodenal obstruction, a case report.

The annular pancreas (AP) is an uncommon congenital anomaly, characterised by a circumferential envelope in the second portion of the duodenum. In recent years, some genetic component has been found in the etiology. A newborn full-term male, weighing at 1910 g at birth, had a history of intrauterine growth restriction and diagnosis of tetralogy of Fallot, Down syndrome and congenital hypothyroidism.

Surgical management of palatal teratoma (epignathus) with the use of virtual reconstruction and 3D models: a case report and literature review.

Epignathus is a rare congenital orofacial teratoma that arises from the sphenoid region of the palate or the pharynx. It occurs in approximately 1:35,000 to 1:200,000 live births representing 2% to 9% of all teratomas. We present the case of a newborn of 39.

Acquisition of skin characteristics by Monte Carlo modeling and evolutionary setting of parameters.

Background: In this paper, we present the intelligent system to characterize optically human skin; our proposal is a non-invasive way to obtain some parameters of the skin such as the concentration of hemoglobin, water percentages, and thickness of the layers of the skin.

Material And Methods: To achieve the objective of this work, we used an experimental technique called diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry and numerical calculations, such as the Monte Carlo method and the evolutionary algorithm Evonorm.

Results: Five case studies were performed.