Improving the identification of high-risk non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients in clinical practice.

Non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) represents a challenging disease state in prostate cancer care. nmCRPC patients with a high risk of progression to metastatic disease who are identified by a prostate-specific antigen doubling time (PSADT) ≤10 months are eligible for treatment with the novel androgen receptor inhibitors (ARIs), shown to delay disease progression and extend survival. However, nmCRPC is often unexploited in clinical practice due to a lack of standardization in the methodology and in the tools used for its identification.

Seminal Vesicle Calculi as a Cause of Hematospermia and Ejaculatory Pain: A Case Report.

Seminal vesicle calculi are a rare entity that may present with hematospermia, painful ejaculation, or urinary complaints. We present a case of a 40-year-oldmale with complaints of hematospermia, ejaculatory pain, and perineal discomfort in the last five years. A 7 mm left seminal vesicle calculi were diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a laparoscopic robot-assisted vesiculectomy was performed.

Sialyl Tn-expressing bladder cancer cells induce a tolerogenic phenotype in innate and adaptive immune cells.

Despite the wide acceptance that glycans are centrally implicated in immunity, exactly how they contribute to the tilt immune response remains poorly defined. In this study, we sought to evaluate the impact of the malignant phenotype-associated glycan, sialyl-Tn (STn) in the function of the key orchestrators of the immune response, the dendritic cells (DCs). In high grade bladder cancer tissue, the STn antigen is significantly overexpressed and correlated with the increased expression of ST6GALNAC1 sialyltransferase.

ST3Gal.I sialyltransferase relevance in bladder cancer tissues and cell lines.

Background: The T antigen is a tumor-associated structure whose sialylated form (the sialyl-T antigen) involves the altered expression of sialyltransferases and has been related with worse prognosis. Since little or no information is available on this subject, we investigated the regulation of the sialyltransferases, able to sialylate the T antigen, in bladder cancer progression.

Methods: Matched samples of urothelium and tumor tissue, and four bladder cancer cell lines were screened for: ST3Gal.

Efficacy of bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy predicted by expression of antigen-presenting molecules and chemokines.

Objectives: To ascertain the role and prognostic value of antigen-presenting molecules and chemokines in the prophylactic effect of intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in tumor recurrence. We compared its gene expression in urothelium biopsy and tumor specimens from patients who had undergone BCG immunotherapy.

Methods: Patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer were divided into 3 groups, according to the cancer recurrence status: group 1, primary cancer without recurrence for a minimal period of 12 months; group 2, primary cancer with subsequent recurrence; and group 3, recurrent cancer at study entry.