Application of chitosan in removal of molybdate ions from contaminated water and groundwater.

Water pollution by heavy metals represents a serious problem around the world. Among various treatment techniques for water remediation, adsorption is an effective and versatile method due to the low cost, effectiveness and simplicity. Chitosan is a cationic polysaccharide with an excellent adsorption capacity of heavy metal ions.

Application of green seaweed biomass for MoVI sorption from contaminated waters. Kinetic, thermodynamic and continuous sorption studies.

Spongomorpha pacifica biomass was evaluated as a new sorbent for Mo(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The maximum sorption capacity was found to be 1.28×10(6)±1×10(4) mg kg(-1) at 20°C and pH 2.

Reduction of hypervalent chromium in acidic media by alginic acid.

Selective oxidation of carboxylate groups present in alginic acid by Cr(VI) affords CO2, oxidized alginic acid, and Cr(III) as final products. The redox reaction afforded first-order kinetics in [alginic acid], [Cr(VI)], and [H(+)], at fixed ionic strength and temperature. Kinetic studies showed that the redox reaction proceeds through a mechanism which combines Cr(VI)→Cr(IV)→Cr(II) and Cr(VI)→Cr(IV)→Cr(III) pathways.

Redox and complexation chemistry of the CrVI/CrV-D-glucaric acid system.

When an excess of uronic acid over Cr(VI) is used, the oxidation of D-glucaric acid (Glucar) by Cr(VI) yields D-arabinaric acid, CO2 and Cr(III)-Glucar complex as final redox products. The redox reaction involves the formation of intermediate Cr(IV) and Cr(V) species. The reaction rate increases with [H(+)] and [substrate].