Impact of different kernel grades on volatile compounds profile, fatty acids and oxidative quality of cashew nut oil.

In this study, the impact of kernel grade on the physicochemical quality, fatty acids, and volatile compounds of cashew nut oil was assessed. The oil samples were obtained from different classifications of nuts and analyzed for acid and peroxide values, color, fatty acids and volatile compounds. The broken kernel oils showed similar or superior quality to the whole kernel oil (LW3), especially samples B3 (batoque) and P3 (large piece), with acid, peroxide and color values equal to the one in LW3.

Previous gut microbiota has an effect on postprandial insulin response after intervention with yacon syrup as a source of fructooligosaccharides: a randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial.

Objectives: The use of prebiotics has an effect on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations; however, the interaction between the previous profile of the intestinal microbiota and the effect of supplementation with prebiotics is not clear. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of previous intestinal microbiota profile on the postprandial insulin response to yacon syrup, used as a source of fructooligosaccharides (FOSs), in young women. The product presents high levels of FOS.

Comparison of GFR measurement with a two-blood sample technique using [99mTc]Tc-DTPA vs. creatinine-based equations in potential kidney donors.

Introduction: Accurate determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is crucial for selection of kidney donors. Nuclear medicine methods are considered accurate in measuring GFR but are not always easily available. The four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD4), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), and Full Age Spectrum (FAS) formulas are common equations for estimating GFR and are recommended for initial assessment of kidney donors.

Chitosan-based biomaterial and hyaluronic acid on the repair of intrabuccal bone defects in rats.

Aims: This experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of a three-dimensional matrix of chitosan-gelatin (CG) associated with 1% hyaluronic acid (HA) on gingival healing and repairing of intrabuccal bone defects in rats.

Materials And Methods: Standardized bone defects were created in the region of the upper 1st molars of rats. Study groups were created according to bone defects (n=6/group) treatment: Control group (CO); blood clot; HA group; CG group, and HA+CG group.

Cashew apple ( L.) extract from a by-product of juice processing: assessment of its toxicity, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities.

Cashew apple extract (CAE) is a product with intense yellow color obtained from residual fibers of juice processing. Although CAE is known to be rich in carotenoids and anacardic acids, the biological activities of this potential natural food colorant remain unexplored. The present study is the first to investigate the toxicity, antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities of the lyophilized CAE (L-CAE) and its encapsulated products, using maltodextrin (M-CAE) or cashew gum (CG-CAE) as carriers.

Microfiltered red-purple pitaya colorant: UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS-based metabolic profile and its potential application as a natural food ingredient.

Complete characterization of microfiltered red-purple pitaya colorant (MRPPC) and its potential applications in foods is described. Using sensorial analysis, products that use carmine or beetroot dye as a food colorant in their formulations were compared. The effect of storage under refrigeration on the microbiological, physicochemical, and chemical changes of MRPPC were evaluated.

Metabolic profile of pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose) by UPLC-QTOF-MS and assessment of its toxicity and anxiolytic-like effect in adult zebrafish.

Pitaya is a Cactacea with potential for economic exploitation, due to its high commercial value and its functional components - such betalains, oligosaccharides and phenolic compounds. Although the biological activities of pitaya have been studied using in vivo and in vitro models (anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities, as example), its anxiolytic-like effect is still unexplored. Therefore, the aim of this work was to perform a characterization of pulp and peel of pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.

Effects of processing on the chemical, physicochemical, enzymatic, and volatile metabolic composition of pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose).

The effects of processing on the chemical, physicochemical, enzymatic, and volatile metabolic composition of pitaya pulp were assessed for the first time. To this end, the following treatments to obtain pitaya pulp were evaluated: Treatment A (TA, pulp processing without ascorbic acid), Treatment B (TB, whole fruit processing with ascorbic acid), and Control (whole fruit processing without ascorbic acid). The treatment employed in TB resulted in low polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity, and no significant chemical or physicochemical alterations in most parameters evaluated.

Yacon syrup reduces postprandial glycemic response to breakfast: A randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial.

Yacon is a root rich in fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which act as prebiotics. Numerous studies have shown promising results in the technological aspects of producing yacon syrup. However, uncertainties exist concerning whether yacon syrup can modulate postprandial glucose and lipid profiles.

Macedo procedure: A continent catheterizable ileum-based reservoir. Step-by-step video.

This video provides a case report of a 16-year-old male patient who underwent bladder enlargement with a catheterized conduit under Macedo's technique. This technique involves the use of a segment of the distal ileum with a flap that is used for confection of the conduit. Key points include: 1) skin incision planning; 2) bladder release to allow a tension-free anastomosis; 3) reservoir and a conduit creation with a distal ileum; and 4) creation of a continence mechanism.

Female epispadias: Single-stage approach - A technique to achieve continence.

This video provides a case report of a 3 year old girl with epispadia and the highlights of the surgery. A cystoscopic guided bladder neck plication was performed to achieve continence. Key points include: (1) Skin incision planning; (2) Cutaneous flap liberation to create a new urethra; (3) Complete bladder neck release to allow a controlled plication; (4) Use of cystoscopy to achieve the ideal bladder neck closure; (5) Bladder neck manipulation to achieve continence.

Evaluation of nutritional and chemical composition of yacon syrup using H NMR and UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS.

A complete characterization of yacon syrup was performed by analytical techniques, including NMR and UPLC-QTOF-MS. The effect of the different stages of yacon syrup production on fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) contents were also evaluated. As a result, in addition to higher levels of FOS and CGA, some mineral elements, such as K, Ca and P, and essential amino acids, such as tryptophan, valine, and threonine, were determined in yacon syrup.

Morphological Analysis of Resorbable Collagen Membranes by Scanning Electron Microscopy.

Objective: : The composition and morphology of the internal and external surfaces of membranes are important for preventing migration of epithelial and connective cells, and allow the installation of osteogenic cells for bone growth. The objective of this study was to analyze the morphology and composition of three types of commercially available resorbable collagen membranes.

Methods: Three types of collagen membranes, with different compositions and coming from different animals, were used: 1) Dental Surgidry F (bovine collagen type I); 2) Bio-Gide® (porcine collagen type I and III); and 3) OsseoGuard™ (bovine collagen type I).

Step by step male to female transsexual surgery.

Introduction: After the diagnosis of transsexualism is confirmed therapy commences with psychotherapeutic preparation for the conversion, and after conversion, long-term patient rehabilitation is maintained for at least two years. The indication for surgery is chronic discomfort caused by discord with the patient's natural gender, intense dislike of developing secondary sex characteristics and the onset of puberty. The surgical conversion of transsexuals is the main step in the complex care of these problematic patients (1).

Diabetes, deafness and renal disease.

Deafness, kidney disease and diabetes are not a usual association, neither is a family history of these diseases. We present the case of a 47-year-old woman with non-nephrotic proteinuria, no haematuria, normal renal function, sensorineural hearing loss, recently diagnosed diabetes and maculopathy. There was a maternal family history of deafness, diabetes and renal disease.

Robotic assisted laparoscopic excision of a retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma.

Introduction: Ganglioneuromas are rare benign neoplasms of the sympathetic nervous system. We describe the case of an incidentally found ganglioneuroma in a woman. To our knowledge this is the first described case of robotic excision of a retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma.

Effect of PDGF-BB, IGF-I growth factors and their combination carried by liposomes in tooth socket healing.

This work evaluated the bone-forming potential of the platelet-derived growth factor isoform BB (PDGF-BB), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), and mixed PDGF-BB/IGF-I delivered in liposomes compared with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), in the healing process of rat tooth sockets. One hundred and twelve Wistar rats were randomized into 7 groups of 16 animals each and were evaluated at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after extraction of the maxillary second molars. The left sockets were treated with PBS (P), empty liposome (L), IGF-I in PBS (IP), IGF-I in liposome (IL), PDGF-BB in PBS (PDP), PDGF-BB in liposome (PDL) and both growth factors (GFs) together within liposomes (PDIL).

TGF-β1 and BMP-4 carried by liposomes enhance the healing process in alveolar bone.

Objective: In this work we evaluated the bone-forming potential of BMP4, TGFβ1 and BMP4/TGFβ1 mixed by performing histological and morphometric analysis. We also evaluated the immunolabelling of fibronectin (FN) and collagen type III (Col III), two determinant proteins for the early phase of bone repair.

Design: Histological, histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to evaluate new bone and blood vessels formation as well as fibronectin and collagen type III expression.

Cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) extract from by-product of juice processing: a focus on carotenoids.

Cashew apple fibrous residue is a by-product of the cashew juice industry. After pressing using a helical type continuous press followed by crossflow microfiltration, an aqueous extract was obtained from these cashew apple fibres. It was characterised by an intense yellow colour due to carotenoid pigments.

Enhanced bone healing of rat tooth sockets after administration of epidermal growth factor (EGF) carried by liposome.

Considering the potential use of growth factors carried by liposomes for bone repair, this study aimed to assess the progress of bone healing process in injured alveoli of rats after administering EGF within liposomes. For this assessment we used 48 male Wistar rats that had their maxillary second molar extracted and separated into 5 groups: sockets filled with blood clot (BC), treated with empty liposome (L), PBS (P), EGF in PBS (EGF-P) and EGF in liposome (EGF-L). The animals were sacrificed after 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery.

Mesenchymal stem cells associated with porous chitosan-gelatin scaffold: a potential strategy for alveolar bone regeneration.

Tissue engineering has emerged as a novel treatment for replacement of lost bone tissue. This study evaluated the effects of a chitosan-gelatin scaffold seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in the healing process of tooth sockets in rats. BMMSCs isolated from transgenic rats expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) were expanded and seeded on a chitosan-gelatin scaffold.