Publications by authors named "Fernandez-varon E"

Article Synopsis
  • Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a major global health issue, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs) where high antibiotic use contributes to resistance.
  • This study evaluated the effects of a Selective Digestive Decontamination (SDD) protocol on antibiotic use and colonization by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterale (CPE) in an ICU over two years.
  • Results showed that implementing SDD significantly reduced overall antibiotic consumption (especially carbapenems) and colonization rates of CPE, indicating it could be an effective approach to combat antimicrobial resistance in critical care without promoting MDR bacteria.
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Fluoropyrimidines (FPs) are commonly prescribed in many cancer streams. The EMA and FDA-approved drug labels for FPs recommend genotyping the *2A (rs3918290), *13 (rs55886062), *HapB3 (rs56038477), alleles, and rs67376798 before treatment starts. We implemented the genotyping in our daily clinical routine, but we still found patients showing severe adverse drug events (ADEs) to FPs.

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Article Synopsis
  • Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug used for conditions like acute lymphoblastic leukemia and autoimmune disorders, with its effectiveness influenced by genetic factors such as TPMT and NUDT15 variants.
  • The study investigated how adjusting azathioprine doses based on these genetic variations affects toxicity and efficacy in patients, specifically comparing those with intermediate and poor metabolizer genotypes against normal metabolizers.
  • Findings indicated that patients with TPMT intermediate genotypes experienced fewer toxicity events and required fewer dose adjustments while maintaining similar treatment effectiveness as normal metabolizers, suggesting other genetic factors may also play a role in azathioprine's toxicity.
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Marbofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone, and an extra-label use has been reported in horse, sheep and goat. However, extrapolation of dosage regimens from cattle to horse and small ruminants could lead to incorrect dosing due to pharmacokinetic differences among species, increasing the risk of antimicrobial resistance or toxicity. Pharmacokinetic properties of marbofloxacin, including PK/PD analysis, have been studied by intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration in lactating and non-lactating goats.

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The SARS-CoV-2 infection has increased the number of patients entering Intensive Care Unit (ICU) facilities and antibiotic treatments. Concurrently, the multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDRB) colonization index has risen. Considering that most of these bacteria are derived from gut microbiota, the study of its composition is essential.

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() is an important pathogen that causes clinical mastitis in goats and produces infections difficult to cure. Different antimicrobials as fluoroquinolones have been used against . However, the studies developed to evaluate the bacterial drug interaction only have used the MIC as a single reference point with artificial growth media.

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Background: Metformin hydrochloride is a biguanide derivative that has been widely used to treat type 2 diabetes in humans. In veterinary medicine, metformin has shown increasing potential for diabetes treatment in different species, such as equids, dogs, cats and rabbits. It is highly hydrophilic, with incomplete gastrointestinal absorption and very large variability in absolute bioavailability between species, ranging from 4% in equids to 60% in humans.

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Contagious agalactia is a mycoplasmosis affecting small ruminants that have become an important issue in many countries. However, PK/PD studies of antibiotics to treat this problem in lactating goats affected by , the main CA-causing mycoplasma are almost non-existent. The aims of this study were to evaluate the plasma and milk disposition of marbofloxacin in lactating goats after intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC) and subcutaneous poloxamer P407 formulations with and without carboxy-methylcellulose (SC-P407-CMC and SC-P407) administration.

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Insulin dysregulation (ID) is a common metabolic disorder in horses. Recently, incretin hormone release has been suggested to be involved in ID in horses. In human medicine, metformin and sitagliptin are commonly used in combination for metabolic syndrome.

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Objectives The pharmacokinetics of praziquantel and pyrantel pamoate has never been reported in cats. The present study was designed to establish the plasma concentration-time profile and to derive pharmacokinetic data for a combined formulation of praziquantel and pyrantel in cats, after a single, oral administration. Methods Twenty-two clinically healthy adult cats were used, each receiving a single oral dose of praziquantel (8.

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Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mutant prevention concentration (MPC) of veterinary fluoroquinolones as enrofloxacin, its metabolite ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, difloxacin and marbofloxacin against strains (n=24) isolated from milk of sheep and goats affected by clinical mastitis were evaluated. The authors have used the MIC and MPC, as well as the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships in plasma and milk. MIC values were significantly different between drugs, unlike MPC values.

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Background: Bacterial pneumonia in goats is usually caused by Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida. Another important infection disease in lactating goats is intramammary infection producing mastitis, usually associated with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. However, treatment of bacterial pneumonia in goats not affected by mastitis problems should be restricted to antimicrobials with scant penetration to milk in order to avoid long withdrawal times.

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Introduction: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas. The use of intrathecal solutions with pH and osmolarity values close to physiologic range of CSF (pH 7.31-7.

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The disposition kinetics of marbofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, after intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.

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The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of a long-acting formulation of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) following intramuscular injection in ball pythons (Python regius). Six adult ball pythons received an injection of CCFA (15 mg/kg) in the epaxial muscles. Blood samples were collected by cardiocentesis immediately prior to and at 0.

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The antibiotic susceptibility of 32 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the mastitic milk of dairy goats was evaluated. The antibiotics tested were 3 fluoroquinolones that have been developed especially for use in veterinary medicine: danofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and orbifloxacin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were performed according to the microdilution broth method.

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The single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n=6) after intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration and subcutaneous administration of a long-acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation (P407). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of difloxacin against 14 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic goats' milk in Spain were determined to compute pharmacodynamic surrogate markers.

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The single-dose disposition kinetics of difloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n=6) after subcutaneous administration of a long-acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation with carboxy-methylcellulose (P407-CMC). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The concentration-time data were analysed by non-compartmental kinetic methods.

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The single-dose disposition kinetics of the antibiotic danofloxacin were determined in clinically normal loggerhead turtles (n = 6) after intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) administration of 6 mg kg(-1) bodyweight. Danofloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The concentration-time data were analyzed by non-compartmental kinetic methods.

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The disposition kinetics of moxifloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) administration was determined in sheep at a single dose of 5mg/kg. The concentration-time data were analysed by compartmental (after IV dose) and non-compartmental (after IV, IM and SC administration) pharmacokinetic methods. Plasma concentrations of moxifloxacin were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

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The single-dose disposition kinetics of orbifloxacin were determined in clinically normal rabbits (n=6) after intravenous (i.v.), subcutaneous (s.

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The pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin administered at 6 mg/kg bodyweight by the intravenous and subcutaneous (s.c.) routes were determined in sheep and goats.

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The single-dose disposition kinetics of orbifloxacin were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n = 6) after intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular administration of 2.5 mg of orbifloxacin/kg of body weight. Orbifloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC with fluorescence detection.

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The pharmacokinetics of difloxacin were studied following intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC) and oral administration of 5mg/kg to healthy white New Zealand rabbits (n = 6). Difloxacin concentrations were determined by HPLC assay with fluorescence detection. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay of difloxacin against different strains of S.

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