Refractory gastroduodenal ulcers: investigating non-peptic etiologies.

This article presents two clinical cases of gastroduodenal peptic ulcers refractory to medical treatment. In both cases, malignancy was excluded following persistent lesions observed in repeated endoscopies, leading to the use of surgery as both a diagnostic and therapeutic approach. These refractory cases require a multidisciplinary approach with a broad differential diagnosis, including etiologies such as toxic substance exposure, persistent Helicobacter pylori infection, or poor adherence to medical treatment, along with less common conditions such as malignancy, acid hypersecretion syndromes, vascular disorders, or immune-mediated diseases.

Correlation Between Amyloid PET Imaging and Discordant Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers Results in Patients with Suspected Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Although the concordance between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and amyloid-PET findings is well known, there are no data regarding the concordance of amyloid-PET with inconclusive CSF values of amyloid-β (Aβ)1 - 42 and p-tau for the diagnosis of AD.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the amyloid-PET results with discordant AD biomarkers values in CSF (Aβ1 - 42+/p-tau-or Aβ1 - 42-/p-tau+).

Methods: An observational retrospective study, including 62 patients with mild cognitive impairment (32/62) or dementia (30/62), suspicious of AD who had undergone a lumbar puncture to determine CSF AD biomarkers, and presented discordant values in CSF between Aβ1 - 42 and p-tau (Aβ1 - 42+/p-tau-or Aβ1 - 42-/p-tau+).

Peripheral Inflammation Is Associated with Dopaminergic Degeneration in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Peripheral inflammatory immune responses are suggested to play a major role in dopaminergic degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a well-established biomarker of systemic inflammation in PD. Degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system can be assessed in vivo using [ I]FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography imaging of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) density.

Evolución de la cirugía urgente en un servicio de cirugía general durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y comparación con una cohorte histórica.

Background: Acute care surgery decreased during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: To study the evolution of acute care surgery and its relationship with the pandemic severity.

Method: Retrospective cohort study which compared patients who underwent acute care surgery during the pandemic to a control group.

[Compliance with the cardiology residency training program during the COVID-19 pandemic, Lima-Peru].

Objective: To characterize compliance with the annual curricular program of second and third-year cardiology residents in hospital of Lima-Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, through a questionnaire applied to seventy-eight cardiology residents from the second and third year of specialty. We evaluated the compliance with rotations in clinical fields, individual compliance with the annual program, and the achievement of minimum training standards.

Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson Disease Specifically Associates With Dopaminergic Depletion in Sensorimotor-Related Functional Subregions of the Striatum.

Purpose: To determine whether the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in Parkinson disease (PD) specifically relates to dopaminergic depletion in sensorimotor-related subregions of the striatum.

Methods: Our primary study sample consisted of 185 locally recruited PD patients, of which 73 (40%) developed LID. Retrospective 123I-FP-CIT SPECT data were used to quantify the specific dopamine transporter (DAT) binding ratio within distinct functionally defined striatal subregions related to limbic, executive, and sensorimotor systems.

Acute Brain Stroke Evolution Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI Justifies the Discordance of Lesions in a Patient With Lymphoproliferative Syndrome.

A 50-year-old man with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in complete response to treatment presented new hypermetabolic brain lesions on 18F-FDG PET/CT suggestive of malignancy. These findings were correlated by MRI that showed cortical-subcortical peripheral lesions typical of acute ischemic infarction. A restaging 18F-FDG PET/CT showed that hypermetabolic lesions were replaced by ametabolic areas, supporting chronic infarction.

Contralateral Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in a Patient with Relapsed Breast Cancer: Locoregional Event or Distant Metastasis Disease?

Introduction: Contralateral axillary lymph node metastasis (CAM) is a rare clinical condition in patients with breast cancer. It can be explained from hematogenous spread from the original primary tumor (stage IV) to aberrant regional lymphatic drainage to the contralateral axilla. However, according to the current clinical guidelines, regardless of its origin, CAM is considered as metastatic disease.

SARS-CoV-2: what it is, how it acts, and how it manifests in imaging studies.

COVID-19 is a disease with many clinical, biochemical, and radiological signs that has a predilection for the lungs, probably because of the high number of ACE-2 receptors in this organ. The infection of cells activates proinflammatory substances, causing diffuse alveolar damage, which is the histopathological basis of ARDS. The exudative phase would manifest as ground-glass opacities and consolidation, and the proliferative phase would manifest as a tendency toward a more linear morphology.

Photoredox-Mediated Hydrogen Isotope Exchange Reactions of Amino-Acids, Peptides, and Peptide-Derived Drugs.

Hydrogen isotopically labelled compounds are essential diagnostic tools in drug research and development, as they provide vital information about the biological metabolism of drug candidates and their metabolites. Herein we report a photoredox-initiated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) protocol which efficiently and selectively introduces deuterium or tritium at C(sp )-H bonds, utilizing heavy water (D O or T O) as the hydrogen isotope source, and a guanidine base. This protocol has been successfully applied to the incorporation of deuterium in several amino acids (lysine, glycine and proline) and small peptides.

Differential diagnosis of HaNDL syndrome in a case report of a pediatric patient: The role of SPECT with Tc-HMPAO.

•HaNDL syndrome may be a condition probably underdiagnosed in pediatric age.•A differential diagnosis with viral, vascular or autoimmune etiology is necessary.•Epileptiform alterations in EEG could be possible in this infrequent syndrome.

99mTc-HDP Bone Scintigraphy, SPECT/CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT Diagnosis Imaging of Incidental Pleural Mesothelioma in a Patient With Biochemical Recurrences of Prostate Cancer: Is it Really a Coincidence?

We present the case of a 69-year-old man with history of prostate carcinoma treated with prostatectomy and subsequently with external beam radiotherapy and hormone therapy because of biochemical recurrences. More than 10 years after the diagnosis, follow-up Tc-HDP bone scans and SPECT/CT images demonstrated an incidental diagnosis of osteoblastic pleural plaques that quickly evolve to mesothelioma. PET/CT achieved the definitive diagnosis by guiding the biopsy to the highest and most accessible focus of glucidic hypermetabolism.

F-FDG PET/CT in lung B lymphoid hyperplasia-type Castleman disease.

We present a 62-year-old woman who, after a catarrhal episode, underwent a chest xray and a chest CT, identifying a pleural-based mass in the left lower lobe. This lesion presented a mixed pattern with solid and peripheral ground-glass attenuation, and an air-bronchogram sign. Despite de suspicion of bronchopneumonia, a lung neoplasm like a predominantly lepidic adenocarcinoma could not be ruled.

Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy and Antisynthetase Syndrome: Early Diagnosis by 99mTc-HDP Bone Scintigraphy.

We present a 44-year-old woman with scapular and pelvic muscle weakness, joint inflammation, and fever. Bone scintigraphy showed high uptake in proximal regions of upper and lower limbs, suspecting inflammatory myopathy and polyarticular damage. These features were the clue to request other complementary tests such as anti-aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetase antibodies and chest CT, which showed interstitial lung disease, defining an antisynthetase syndrome.

Giant multiple and bilateral presacral Tarlov cysts mimicking adnexal mass - imaging features.

Perineural or Tarlov cysts (TCs) are nerve root cysts. They are usually incidental findings on MRI and are most frequently observed in the sacral spine. A 49-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal discomfort for several months.