[Knowledge and perception of HPV in the population over 18 years of age in the city of Ipatinga - State of Minas Gerais, Brazil].

Several studies have identified misconceptions about human papillomavirus (HPV), which can lead to negligent behavior and risk to the health of the population. This article aims to assess the knowledge of men and women about HPV in the city of Ipatinga, Minas Gerais, and evaluate socioeconomic factors and preventive measures associated with such knowledge. It involved a cross-sectional study with 591 subjects living in the city, by means of stratified sampling by quotas proportional to the number of individuals by sex and age in each of the eight administrative regions of the city.

Freezing and thawing effects on fat, protein, and lactose levels of human natural milk administered by gavage and continuous infusion.

Objectives: to analyze the changes in human milk macronutrients: fat, protein, and lactose in natural human milk (raw), frozen and thawed, after administration simulation by gavage and continuous infusion.

Method: an experimental study was performed with 34 human milk samples. The infrared spectrophotometry using the infrared analysis equipment MilkoScan Minor® (Foss, Denmark) equipment was used to analyze the macronutrients in human milk during the study phases.

Analysis of the influence of pasteurization, freezing/thawing, and offer processes on human milk's macronutrient concentrations.

Introduction: The macronutrient concentrations of human milk could be influenced by the various processes used in human milk bank.

Aims: To determine the effect of various process (Holder pasteurization, freezing and thawing and feeding method) on the macronutrient concentration of human milk.

Methods: The samples of donated fresh human milk were studied before and after each process (Holder pasteurization, freezing and thawing and feeding method) until their delivery to newborn infants.

Total body water in small- and appropriate- for gestational age newborns.

Objectives: To ascertain total body water in small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns.

Methods: SGA and AGA babies were matched by gestational age and studied from birth to term age. Criteria for exclusions were genetic syndromes, malformations, and congenital infections.

Indirect calorimetry: a tool to adjust energy expenditure in very low birth weight infants.

Objective: To determine the resting metabolic rate in very low birth weight infants through indirect calorimetry.

Methods: Cross-sectional study including 29 clinically stable very low birth weight infants receiving an enteral diet > 100 kcal/kg/day. Malnutrition was defined as weight-for-age z score < or = - 2 SD.