Evaluation of fetal heart geometry during pregnancy by three-dimensional ultrasound using the STIC rendering mode.

Objective: To determine fetal heart geometry during pregnancy using three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound and the spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) rendering mode.

Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study evaluated 250 normal singleton pregnancies from 20 to 33 weeks and 6 days of gestation. STIC rendering was used to calculate the eight angles of the fetal heart: apex, base, mitral valve, tricuspid valve, left ventricle, right ventricle, left atrium, and right atrium angles.

Reference Ranges of Fetal Cardiac Biometric Parameters Using Three-Dimensional Ultrasound with Spatiotemporal Image Correlation M Mode and Their Applicability in Congenital Heart Diseases.

To determine reference values for fetal heart biometric parameters using the spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) M mode and their applicability in congenital heart diseases (CHDs). A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted with 300 singleton pregnancies between 20 and 33 + 6 weeks of gestation. Right ventricular wall thickness (RVWT), interventricular septum thickness (IVST), and left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) were measured off-line using the STIC-M mode with the cursor perpendicular to the interventricular septum.

Reference values for the volumes of foetal heart atrial wall by three-dimensional ultrasound using STIC and VOCAL methods between 20w0d and 33w6d weeks of gestation.

Objective: To establish reference values for the volumes of foetal heart atrial wall by three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) and virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) methods.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study with 170 normal singleton pregnancies between 20 weeks + 0 days (20w0d) and 33 weeks + 6 days (33w6d) of gestation. Foetal heart atrial wall volume was obtained by VOCAL method with 30-degree rotation (six planes) subtracting the internal volume from the atrium volume.

Assessment of Quality of Fetal Heart Views by 3D/4D Ultrasonography Using Spatio-Temporal Image Correlation in the Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy.

Objective: To assess the quality of fetal heart views by three-dimensional/four-dimensional (3D/4D) ultrasonography using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the second and third trimester of pregnancy.

Methods: This prospective and cross-sectional study was conducted at a single referral service for the screening of congenital heart diseases (CHDs), with pregnant women at 20-30 weeks' gestation with a normal fetal heart. 3D/4D STIC were obtained from the fetal heart screening in the following views: four-chamber (4C), left and right ventricular outflow tracts (LVOT and RVOT), 3 vessels and trachea (3VT), aortic arch (AA), and ductal arch (DA).

Reference ranges for the volumes of fetal cardiac ventricular walls by three-dimensional ultrasound using spatiotemporal image correlation and virtual organ computer-aided analysis and its validation in fetuses with congenital heart diseases.

Objective: To establish reference values for the volumes of fetal cardiac ventricular walls using three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) and perform data validation using fetuses with confirmed congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study analyzed 371 singleton pregnancies between 20w0d and 33w6d of gestation. Ventricular volumes were assessed using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) and virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL).

Viewing rate and reproducibility of papillary muscle areas in foetal atrioventricular valves using spatio-temporal image correlation in the rendering mode in congenital heart disease.

Objective: To assess the viewing rate and reproducibility of areas of the papillary muscles (PMs) of foetal atrioventricular valves using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the rendering mode in congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 40 4D-STIC volume datasets from different foetal CHD cases at a gestational age of 18w6d–35w6d. The following papillary muscles (PMs) were assessed: antero-lateral (MPAL) and postero-medial (MPPM) to the mitral valve and antero-superior (MPAS), inferior (MPI) and septal (MPS) to the tricuspid valve.

Fetal myocardial wall area: constructing a reference range by means of spatiotemporal image correlation in the rendering mode.

Objective: To establish the reference range of the myocardial wall area in the fetus using three-dimensional ultrasound in the rendering mode.

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study including 371 singleton, uncomplicated pregnancies at 20 weeks 0 day to 33 weeks 6 days of gestation was carried out. Cardiac volumes were obtained using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) at the level of the four-chamber view.

Viewing rate and reference ranges for papillary muscle areas of the fetal heart using four-dimensional ultrasound in the rendering mode.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the viewing rate and determine reference ranges ​​for the papillary muscle areas in the fetal atrio-ventricular valves using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound and spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) in the rendering mode.

Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study included 310 4D STIC volume data sets of normal fetuses between 18 weeks 0 day and 34 weeks 0 day of gestation. The papillary muscles were antero-lateral (MPAL) and postero-medial (MPPM) to the mitral valve and antero-superior (MPAS), inferior (MPI) and septal (MPS) to the tricuspid valve.

Prenatal detection of congenital heart diseases: one-year survey performing a screening protocol in a single reference center in Brazil.

Objective. To describe the experience of a tertiary center in Brazil to which patients are referred whose fetuses are at increased risk for congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Methods.

Screening of congenital heart disease in the second trimester of pregnancy: current knowledge and new perspectives to the clinical practice.

Objective: Congenital heart diseases are common in foetuses, with an incidence greater than six times that of chromosomal abnormalities; however, experts in cardiac anatomy have evaluated only the foetuses of pregnant women with increased risk for congenital heart disease. Over the years, it has become clear that congenital heart disease occur in foetuses of low-risk women. In the mid-1980s, a proposal to expand the assessment of cardiac anatomy was presented to obstetricians in order to improve prenatal screening.

Comparison of Fetal Cerebellum and Cisterna Magna Length by 2D and 3D Ultrasonography between 18 and 24 Weeks of Pregnancy.

To compare the fetal cerebellum and cisterna magna length measurements by means of two- (2DUS) and three-dimensional (3DUS) ultrasonography using the three-dimensional extended imaging (3D XI), a cross-sectional study with 69 healthy pregnant women between 18 and 24 weeks was performed. For the measurements by 2DUS, the axial planes were used and for the 3DUS a sequence of adjacent axial slices (multislice view). To evaluate the difference between the two techniques, we used the Wilcoxon test.

Comparison of Fetal Nuchal Fold Thickness Measurements by Two- and Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography (3DXI Multislice View).

Purpose. To compare the measurements of fetal nuchal fold (NF) thickness by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography using the three-dimensional extended imaging (3DXI). Methods.

Prenatal diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly using spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC) and inversion mode.

Background: Ebstein's anomaly is a rare cardiac defect where the septal and posterior leaflets are displaced, towards the right ventricle. The leaflets are dysplastic and stuck to the ventricular wall. Its antenatal diagnosis is usually made through bidimensional echocardiography, which also has prognostic value.