Plant-based dietary patterns and ultra-processed food consumption: a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank.

Background: Dietary shift towards more plant-based options is increasingly popular, but the quantity of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) they contain is largely unknown. This study assessed the level of UPF and minimally processed food consumption among regular and low red meat eaters, flexitarians, pescatarians, vegetarians and vegans in a large dataset of United Kingdom (UK) adults.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the UK Biobank participants recruited between December 19, 2006, and October 1, 2010.

Description and performance of two diet quality scores based on the Nova classification.

Objective: To describe two low-burden diet quality scores and evaluate their performance in reflecting the dietary share of the least and most processed foods defined within the Nova food system classification.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included data from the NutriNet-Brasil cohort. Participants answered the Nova24hScreener, a 3-minute self-administered questionnaire measuring the consumption of a set of foods on the day before.

Degree of food processing and breast cancer risk: a prospective study in 9 European countries.

Unlabelled: Recent epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association between ultra-processed food consumption and breast cancer risk, although some studies also reported no association. Furthermore, the evidence regarding the associations between intake of food with lower degrees of processing and breast cancer risk is limited. Thus, we investigated the associations between dietary intake by degree of food processing and breast cancer risk, overall and by breast cancer subtypes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

Ultra-processed food intake in toddlerhood and mid-childhood in the UK: cross sectional and longitudinal perspectives.

Purpose: (i) Characterize ultra-processed food (UPF) intakes in toddlerhood and mid-childhood, including identifying principal UPF sub-groups and associations with nutrient profile; (ii) explore stability and change in UPF intake between toddlerhood and mid-childhood.

Methods: Data were from children in the UK Gemini twin cohort at 21 months (n = 2,591) and 7 years (n = 592) of age. UPF intakes were estimated using diet diaries and Nova classification.

The share of ultra-processed foods determines the overall nutritional quality of diet in British vegetarians.

The aim of this study was to describe the dietary intake of British vegetarians according to the Nova classification and to evaluate the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the nutritional quality of the diet. We used data from the UK national survey (2008/2019). Food collected through a 4-d record were classified according to the Nova system.

Implications of food ultra-processing on cardiovascular risk considering plant origin foods: an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort.

Background: Comprehensive research evidence is lacking on the role of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in the relationship between the consumption of plant-sourced foods and their impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. This study aims to assess CVD risk associated with the dietary contribution of food groups that consider both plant or animal origin and food processing categories, within a large cohort of British adults.

Methods: Data from the UK Biobank participants (40-69 y) who completed at least two 24-h dietary recalls between 2009 and 2012 (n = 126,842; median follow-up: 9 y), with subsequent data linkage to hospital and mortality records, were used.

Infants' Dietary Pattern Characterized by Ultraprocessed Foods Is Associated With Rapid Weight Gain and Overweight/Obesity Risk: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2018.

Background: Global trends toward childhood obesity have been associated with several factors, including suboptimal infant feeding practices, the increasing availability of ultraprocessed foods in the world's food supply, and the corresponding changes in children's dietary patterns.

Objective: To describe infants' dietary patterns and assess their associations with weight status outcomes in a nationally representative sample of US infants.

Design: Cross-sectional analyses were performed on data collected from infants participating in the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

The environmental impact of beef and ultra-processed food consumption in Brazil.

Objective: This study evaluated the independent and combined environmental impacts of the consumption of beef and ultra-processed foods in Brazil.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Brazil.

Food and Nutrition Surveillance System markers predict diet quality.

Objective: To investigate the performance of food consumption markers of the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sisvan) in assessing the overall dietary quality.

Methods: The study was carried out based on the reproduction of responses to markers in 24-hour recall data from 46,164 individuals aged ≥ 10 years, from the 2017-2018 Household Budget Survey (POF). Seven Sisvan markers were evaluated, and two scores were calculated for each participant, based on the sum of the number of healthy food markers (beans, fruits, and vegetables, ranging from 0 to 3) and unhealthy (hamburgers/sausages, sweetened beverages, instant noodles/salt snacks/crackers, stuffed cookies/sweets/candies, ranging from 0 to 4) consumed.

A novel web-based 24-h dietary recall tool in line with the Nova food processing classification: description and evaluation.

Objective: This paper describes the first web-based self-completed 24-h recall designed to categorise food intake according to Nova groups - Nova24h - and its agreement with a reference tool in estimating the dietary relative contribution of the four Nova food groups (% of total energy intake).

Design: Comparisons of estimates of dietary relative contributions of Nova groups obtained by Nova24h and one standard interviewer-led 24-h recall.

Setting: Nationwide adult cohort study in Brazil.

Corrigendum: Characterization of the degree of food processing in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: application of the Nova classification and validation using selected biomarkers of food processing.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.

Sodium Intake Tracked from Infancy and Salt Taste Preference during Adolescence: Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Field Trial in Brazil.

Background: Effective interventions to promote healthy sodium intakes require understanding factors driving liking for salt taste.

Objectives: To examine effects of an early feeding intervention among low-income mothers on their children's energy and sodium intake and salt taste preferences at 12 years; and to identify age-related changes in dietary sodium sources.

Methods: Secondary analyses were conducted on dietary intake and taste preference data collected from children in a longitudinal trial (NCT00629629).

Consumption of ultra-processed foods in Brazil: distribution and temporal evolution 2008-2018.

Objective: To evaluate sociodemographic factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the temporal evolution of their consumption in Brazil between 2008 and 2018.

Methods: The study used food consumption data of individuals aged ≥ 10 years from 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 Pesquisas de Orçamentos Familiares (POF - Household Budget Surveys), grouping the foods according to the Nova classification. We used crude and adjusted linear regression models to assess the association between sociodemographic characteristics and consumption of ultra-processed foods in 2017-2018 and the temporal variation in their consumption between 2008 and 2018.

The ultra-processed food content of school meals and packed lunches in the UK, 2008-17: a pooled cross-sectional study.

Background: British children have the highest ultra-processed food (UPF) intake in Europe, concerning as UPF is linked to adverse health outcomes. Schools are a potential setting for intervention, yet the rate of UPFs consumed at schools is currently unknown. This study aimed to describe the UPF content of school food in the UK and to explore differences in UPF content by meal type (school meals and packed lunches [food from home]) and children's household income.

Ultra-processed food consumption, cancer risk and cancer mortality: a large-scale prospective analysis within the UK Biobank.

Background: Global dietary patterns are increasingly dominated by relatively cheap, highly palatable, and ready-to-eat ultra-processed foods (UPFs). However, prospective evidence is limited on cancer development and mortality in relation to UPF consumption. This study examines associations between UPF consumption and risk of cancer and associated mortality for 34 site-specific cancers in a large cohort of British adults.

Characteristics associated with dietary patterns in Brazilian children under two years of age.

Objective: To analyze the dietary patterns of Brazilian children under two years of age and assess their association with sociodemographic characteristics and health service use.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS). Patterns were found for two age groups by principal component analysis and their correlation with characteristics of interest was tested by linear regression models.