Nasopharyngeal carriage of Haemophilus influenzae among adults with co-morbidities.

Unlabelled: After the widespread use of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, H. influenzae invasive disease is now commonly due to non-encapsulated (NTHi), affecting mostly the youngest and the elderly. The objective of this study was to investigate H.

Staphylococcus aureus clones causing osteomyelitis: a literature review (2000-2020).

Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative organism of osteomyelitis (OM). Nevertheless, the molecular epidemiology of S. aureus causing OM remains ill-defined.

Molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from dairy farms in North-eastern Italy.

Transmission of Staphylococcus aureus along the dairy production chain is an emerging public health problem with human, veterinary, and food safety issues. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant, particularly methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), has steadily increased in several European countries.

Pneumococcal carriage among adults aged 50 years and older with co-morbidities attending medical practices in Rome, Italy.

Background: Data on Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in adults with co-morbidities are limited. In this study we estimated the pneumococcal carriage among adults with co-morbidities and evaluated socio-demographic and clinical risk factors. The potential coverage of the current pneumococcal vaccines recommended for adults (PCV13 and PPV23) was also investigated.

Adhesion and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates under conditions relevant to the host: relationship with macrolide resistance and clonal lineages.

Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus isolates, collected from various clinical samples, were analysed to evaluate the contribution of the genetic background of both erythromycin-resistant (ERSA) and -susceptible (ESSA) S. aureus strains to biofilm formation.

Methods: A total of 66 ESSA and 43 ERSA clinical isolates were studied for adhesiveness and biofilm formation under different atmospheres.

An outbreak of skin infections in neonates due to a Staphylococcus aureus strain producing the exfoliative toxin A.

Purpose: Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of infections in hospitalized neonates. Preterm or low birthweight infants are especially at risk to develop a S. aureus infection due to the immaturity of the immune system, length of hospital stay and invasive procedures.

Impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7 and PCV13) on pneumococcal invasive diseases in Italian children and insight into evolution of pneumococcal population structure.

Background: The use of PCV7 for children immunization was gradually implemented in the Italian regions starting from 2006 and was replaced by PCV13 in 2010-2011. In this study we aimed to assess the PCV impact on invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) incidence, serotype distribution and antibiotic resistance in Italian children under 5years old.

Methods: All IPD cases in children from 5 Italian regions (Emilia-Romagna, Lombardia, A.

Worldwide Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen, responsible for infections in the community and the healthcare setting. Although much of the attention is focused on the methicillin-resistant "variant" MRSA, the methicillin-susceptible counterpart (MSSA) remains a prime species in infections. The epidemiology of S.

Could β-hemolytic, group B Enterococcus faecalis be mistaken for Streptococcus agalactiae?

A β-hemolytic Enterococcus faecalis strain agglutinating Lancefield group A, B, C, D, F, and G antisera was observed from a rectovaginal swab, in the context of antenatal screening for Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus [GBS]). This is the first multi-Lancefield antisera-agglutinating isolate of this species, and it raised particular concern, as it may mimic GBS, leading to false reporting and useless receipt of intrapartum antibiotics.

Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae clones from paediatric patients with cystic fibrosis.

The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae in cystic fibrosis (CF) is poorly understood. The pneumococcal population has changed over time after the introduction of the heptavalent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and, more recently, the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Although serotypes and clones causing invasive pneumococcal disease or colonizing healthy children have been extensively analysed, little is known so far on the serotypes and clones of pneumococci in CF patients.

Beta-hemolytic, multi-lancefield antigen-agglutinating Enterococcus durans from a pregnant woman, mimicking Streptococcus agalactiae.

A beta-hemolytic Lancefield antigen A-, B-, C-, D-, F-, and G-positive Enterococcus durans strain was cultivated from the rectovaginal swab of a pregnant woman who underwent antenatal screening for Streptococcus agalactiae. The isolate raised concern as to what extent similar strains are misrecognized and lead to false diagnosis of group B streptococci.