[Tolerance, courage and compassion: cardinal virtues of the surgeon].

Interactions among human beings are very complex. Using only an ethical code as reference to deal with moral conflicts is hardly ever enough. Responsibility ethics demand such a profound reflection as well as a discussion about human essence and its role in society.

[Surgical education: the need of a humanistic vision].

The fragments and compartments of medical knowledge are not the only causes of difficulty found to form surgeons. The abandon of medical education associated with human science (social science) has formed professionals that understand biological science but don't understand life science. The distance from individual and cultural everyday reality enables one to not understand uniqueness and differences of each human being.