Environmental opportunities facilitating cognitive development in preschoolers: development of a multicriteria index.

Access to environmental opportunities can favor children's learning and cognitive development. The objectives is to construct an index that synthesizes environmental learning opportunities for preschoolers considering the home environment and verify whether the index can predict preschoolers' cognitive development. A quantitative, cross-sectional, exploratory study was conducted with 51 preschoolers using a multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT).

Associations of physical activity and cognitive function with gross motor skills in preschoolers: Cross-sectional study.

Gross motor development in the preschool phase depends on several factors that remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate whether level of habitual physical activity (HPA) and global cognitive function (CF) can be used as predictors of gross motor skills in Brazilian preschoolers and to verify their possible mediators. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 166 children, aged 3-5 years.

The prevalence of malocclusion is higher in schoolchildren with signs of hyperactivity.

Introduction: Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder is a behavioral disorder characterized by a lack of focus, impulsive behavior, and or excessive activity. This research aimed to evaluate the association between signs of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and malocclusion in schoolchildren.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 633 children aged 7-12 years.

The Mini-Mental Examination for Children (MMC): Evidence of validity for children with learning difficulties.

Unlabelled: The Mini-Mental Examination for Children (MMC) is a widely used tool for assessing global cognitive deficits, however,is still unknown whether MMC is sensitive for investigating cognitive profiles associated with learning difficulties (LD).

Objective: Here we investigate the feasibility of using the MMC for screening school-aged children with learning difficulties in spelling and math.

Methods: The MMC and other neurophysiological tests were administered to a sample of 168 children, aged 7 to 12 years.

Polymorphisms in genes that affect the variation of lipid levels in a Brazilian pediatric population with sickle cell disease: rs662799 APOA5 and rs964184 ZPR1.

This cross-sectional study investigated associations between SNPs in metabolizing lipid genes, alpha-thalassemia and laboratory parameters in two forms of sickle cell disease (SCD), sickle cell anemia (SCA) and hemoglobin SC disease (HbSC) in a pediatric population. Among the groups SCA and HbSC was found a higher proportion of increased triglycerides (TG) in SCA. High levels of TG were significantly associated with lower hemoglobin (p = 0.

Dental caries in schoolchildren: influence of inattention, hyperactivity and executive functions.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inappropriate levels of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention. Individuals with ADHD may present limitations with regard to executive functions and performing activities that involve planning and/or attention/concentration. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between dental caries and signs of ADHD in a representative sample of schoolchildren.

Do Signs of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Increase the Odds of Dental Caries? A Case-Control Study.

Unlabelled: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioural disorder that can affect one's performance in activities of daily living and can exert a negative impact on the oral health of children.

Objective: The aim of this work was to determine the association between ADHD (signs and executive functions) and dental caries in children aged 7-12 years.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted with 532 children in the city of Diamantina, Brazil.

Mini-mental state exam for children (MMC) in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy.

Unlabelled: Cognitive impairment is frequent in cerebral palsy (CP) and there is a lack of multiprofessional screening instruments.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of the Mini-Mental State Examination for Children (MMC), an adapted version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, in screening for cognitive impairments in children with CP.

Methods: We assessed 397 Brazilian children, 310 with typical development and 87 with CP (hemiplegic and quadriplegic forms), aged 5-16 years.

Motion sickness prevalence in school children.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of motion sickness in schoolchildren and related the finding to the postural balance and quality of life. A population-based cross-sectional study was carried out with 831 children aged 7 to 12 years. The frequency of motion sickness was evaluated based on the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire-Short (MSSQ-short).

Association between inflammatory biomarkers in plasma, radiological severity, and duration of exposure in patients with silicosis.

Objective: To evaluate the plasma levels of CCL2, CCL3, CCL11, CCL24, tumor necrosis factor alpha, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 in subjects exposed to silica (SES) with and without silicosis compared with unexposed reference control group, and their associations with the radiological severity and duration of exposure to silica.

Methods: Fifty-seven SES; 36 with silicosis and 22 subjects in control group, were included in the study.

Results: CCL3, CCL24, sTNFR1, and sTNFR2 were increased in SES and in SES with silicosis than in controls.

Factors associated with number of erupted primary teeth in Brazilian children: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether nutritional status, gender, weight, and height affected the number of erupted primary teeth in six- to 30 month-old children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving an oral clinical examination, and weight and height measurements of 232 children, as well as a questionnaire filled out by their parents. Statistical analysis involved descriptive data, Spearman's correlation coefficient, Kruskall-Wallis test, and multiple linear regression in two sets, using the enter method to control the confounding factor (age) and the stepwise method for gender, weight, and height ( P<.

Effects of severe caloric restriction from birth on the hearts of adult rats.

There has been increasing evidence suggesting that a severe caloric restriction (SCR) (above 40%) has beneficial effects on the hearts of rats. However, most of the reports have focused on the effects of SCR that started in adulthood. We investigated the consequences of SCR on the hearts of rats subjected to SCR since birth (CR50).

[Evaluation of a program of application of the botulinum toxin type A in children with cerebral palsy in Vale do Jequitinhonha].

The scope of this study was to evaluate the effects of a public program of application of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in terms of muscle spasticity, range of motion, quality of gait, functional independence and quality of life of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 14 children with CP to evaluate the effects of three applications of BoNT-A, at intervals of three months. Children were assessed using the Modified Ashworth Rating Scale, the Manual Goniometer, the Physician Rating Scale, the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) and the Caregiver Questionnaire (CQ).

Association between executive/attentional functions and caries in children with cerebral palsy.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the existence of an association between attention/executive functions and the development of dental caries in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Seventy-six children with CP were selected from a physical rehabilitation center and a school serving children with disabilities. The control group was made up of 89 children without neurological impairment.

An ICF-based approach for cerebral palsy from a biopsychosocial perspective.

Objectives: To integrate instruments to operationalize an ICF-based approach for cerebral palsy (CP); to assess differences in activity and participation among children with hemiplegia, diplegia and quadriplegia CP; to verify the facilitators or barriers to functioning; and to investigate the explanatory factors (cognitive and motor) for the type of school attended by children with CP (regular or special).

Methods: Sixty children with CP were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and an ICF-based instrument and their parents were interviewed. Data were analysed by Chi-Squared, Anova's and Kruskal-Wallis tests and multivariate logistic regression.

Influence of aerobic training on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters in ederly hypertensive women.

Background: Treatment of hypertension includes pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions. Among the nonpharmacological interventions emphasizes the practice of regular physical exercise. However, the effects of aerobic exercise training on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters in elderly hypertensive women are still controversial.

Risk behavior for the human immunodeficiency virus among motel clients.

This study aimed to verify risk behavior for infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in people who attended motels. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two motels in two municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with a sample of 308 randomly selected individuals, aged between 18 and 60 years. Bivariate (chi-square and t test for independent samples) and multivariate (logistic regression) statistical tests were performed.

Developmental defects of enamel in primary teeth: prevalence and associated factors.

Background:   Studies on the prevalence of enamel defects in the primary dentition as a whole are scarce, as most investigations examine specific population groups.

Objectives:   The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of enamel defects in primary teeth and determine whether prematurity, birthweight, and socio-demographic variables are associated with such defects.

Design:   A cross-sectional study was carried out with 381 children aged 3-5 years.

Is surgical root coverage effective for the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity? A systematic review.

Background: Cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH) is characterized by tooth pain arising from root exposure. The aim of the present systematic review is to survey the literature on the efficacy of surgical root coverage techniques at reducing CDH in cases of gingival recession.

Methods: An online electronic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases.

Does intellectual disability affect the development of dental caries in patients with cerebral palsy?

The aim of this study was to evaluate if the severity of intellectual disability is a factor that affects the development of dental cavities in patients with cerebral palsy. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 165 individuals who were selected from a physical rehabilitation center, a special public school and a regular public school. Of these, 76 individuals had been diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy and 89 had no neurological impairment.

Degree of dental anxiety in children with and without toothache: prospective assessment.

Background: Few prospective studies on the anxiety of children in the dental office have been published.

Aims: To monitor dental anxiety levels in children with and without previous experience with toothache over a period of six consecutive visits.

Design: A longitudinal study was carried out involving 167 children treated at a public dental service.

Content identification of the interdisciplinary assessment of cerebral palsy using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health as reference.

Purpose: To identify relevant items and most frequents categories related to functioning and disability recorded by professionals involved in rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to assess the filling of the records.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study based on the written documents provided by an interdisciplinary rehabilitation team. Participated in the study 40 patients with CP, aged 10 months to 17 years.

Multidisciplinary perspective for cerebral palsy assessment after an international, classification of functioning, disability and health training.

Objective: To assess knowledge related to the ICF before and after an ICF training and to identify items to compose a monocentric rehabilitation ICF code set for cerebral palsy (CP).

Methods: (a)

Design: A cross-sectional study with a descriptive-explorative design. (b)

Participants: Professionals from the fields of physiotherapy, nutrition, dentistry, occupational therapy, psychology, social work, speech therapy and medicine.

Association of CCL2 with lymph node metastasis and macrophage infiltration in oral cavity and lip squamous cell carcinoma.

Aims/methods: We investigated the expression of CCL2 by immunohistochemistry in samples of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC), lip squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes. The relationship of CCL2 with survival data was also evaluated.

Results: The percentage of CCL2+ cells in tumor parenchyma was similar in OCSCC and LSCC.