Active surveillance versus immediate surgery in the management of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: comparison of long-term costs in Brazil.

Objective: To compare the long-term medical costs of active surveillance (AS), partial thyroidectomy (PT), and total thyroidectomy (TT) in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) receiving care covered by the Brazilian Public Health System.

Materials And Methods: After reviewing AS cohorts and our own data, we created a model of AS, PT, and TT flow care for low-risk PTMC over 10, 20, and 30 years. The medical costs included those associated with diagnosis, surgery, and follow-up.

Impact of a simple informative leaflet on Brazilian doctors' attitudes towards active surveillance of thyroid microcarcinomas.

Introduction: Active surveillance (AS) is increasingly recognized as an appropriate strategy for selected patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMC). However, some factors, including physician-related ones, hinder its widespread adoption.

Methods: To explore the prevailing barriers and the impact of information on attitudes towards AS implementation, we developed a questionnaire that was completed before and after reading a simple information leaflet by 317 doctors working in different work environments.

Intermediate-risk thyroid carcinoma: indicators of a poor prognosis.

Objective: The intermediate-risk (IR) category includes tumors with different degrees of aggression. We aimed to identify the risk factors associated with unfavorable response to initial treatment and compare the effect of low/high radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy.

Methods: A total of 614 IR patients were selected from a database, during 1972-2015.

Prognostic factors for incomplete response in thyroid microcarcinoma: an analysis of initial response to therapy in 517 patients.

Objective: Although thyroid microcarcinoma (TMC) usually has a favorable prognosis, some patients present a higher risk of disease recurrence or persistence. Thus, we aimed at identifying possible risk factors associated with an incomplete response to therapy in TMC.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 517 patients with TMC treated with total thyroidectomy, with or without radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, reclassified after 1.

Micronutrient deficiencies in normal and overweight infants in a low socio-economic population in north-east Brazil.

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies are the most prevalent form of malnutrition worldwide. Although commonly related to underweight, micronutrient deficiencies can occur in both normal and overweight children in medium- and low-income populations undergoing nutritional transition.

Objective: To describe haemoglobin and micronutrient levels in infants from a low-income area in Brazil in relation to their weight-for-length Z-score.