Position statement on nutrition therapy for overweight and obesity: nutrition department of the Brazilian association for the study of obesity and metabolic syndrome (ABESO-2022).

Obesity is a chronic disease resulting from multifactorial causes mainly related to lifestyle (sedentary lifestyle, inadequate eating habits) and to other conditions such as genetic, hereditary, psychological, cultural, and ethnic factors. The weight loss process is slow and complex, and involves lifestyle changes with an emphasis on nutritional therapy, physical activity practice, psychological interventions, and pharmacological or surgical treatment. Because the management of obesity is a long-term process, it is essential that the nutritional treatment contributes to the maintenance of the individual's global health.

Brazilian guide to nutrition in bariatric and metabolic surgery.

Purpose: Brazilian nutrition recommendations for bariatric and metabolic surgery aim to provide knowledge, based on scientific evidence, on nutritional practices related to different surgical techniques in the surgical treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out with the appropriate MeSH terms using Medline/Pubmed/LiLACS and the Cochrane database, with the established criteria being based on the inclusion of articles according to the degree of recommendation and strength of evidence of the Classification of Recommendations, Evaluation, Development, and Evaluation System (GRADE).

Results: The recommendations that make up this guide were gathered to assist in the individualized clinical practice of nutritionists in the nutritional management of patients with obesity, including nutritional management in the intragastric balloon; pre and postoperative nutritional treatment and supplementation in bariatric and metabolic surgeries (adolescents, adults, elderly, pregnant women, and vegetarians); hypoglycemia and reactive hyperinsulinemia; and recurrence of obesity, gut microbiota, and inflammatory bowel diseases.

Gut Microbiota Profile in Adults Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Gut microbiota (GM) after bariatric surgery (BS) has been considered as a factor associated with metabolic improvements and weight loss. In this systematic review, we evaluate changes in the GM, characterized by 16S rRNA and metagenomics techniques, in obese adults who received BS. The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and LILACS databases were searched.

SH2B1 variants as potential causes of non-syndromic monogenic obesity in a Brazilian cohort.

Purpose: SH2B1 gene encodes an important adaptor protein to receptor tyrosine kinases or cytokine receptors associated with Janus kinases. This gene has been associated with the structural and functional modulation of neurons and other cells, and impacts on energy and glucose homeostasis. Several studies suggested that alterations in this gene are strong candidates for the development of obesity.

Long-Term Association between Intensive Medical Treatment and the Incidence of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Dyslipidemia: an Observational Study.

Introduction: The management of patients with dyslipidemia (DLP) requires intensive medical follow-up as an essential part of treatment and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether adherence to medical treatment changed the prevalence of CV disease events in a retrospective 7-year follow-up analysis.

Methods: This retrospective study involved 92 patients divided into two groups according to their adherence: the REG group with 64 patients who had medical appointments from 2012 to 2018, and the DROP group, with 28 patients who had medical appointments in 2012 but did not complete regular appointments until 2018.

Bariatric Embolization in the Treatment of Patients with a Body Mass Index Between 30 and 39.9 kg/m (Obesity Class I and II) and Metabolic Syndrome, a Pilot Study.

Introduction: To evaluate the efficacy and clinical safety of bariatric arterial embolization (BAE) in adults with body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 39.9 kg/m and metabolic syndrome (MS).

Materials And Methods: Between March and August 2018, ten female participants between 21 and 48-years-old, median BMI of 36.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: associated factors and noninvasive fibrosis staging in a single Brazilian center.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a recognized risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with NAFLD in women with PCOS and evaluate noninvasive indices of hepatic fibrosis in patients with PCOS and NAFLD.

Subjects And Methods: Patients with PCOS (n = 87) and women without PCOS (n = 40; controls) were included.

Effects of aquatic exercise on muscle strength and functional performance of individuals with osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Water-based exercises are recommended for people with osteoarthritis (OA), due to the beneficial effects on physical function, quality of life and symptom reduction. However, the effects on muscle strength are still controversial. The aim of this review was to assess and compare the effects of aquatic exercise programs on muscle strength and physical function in people with OA.

Nutritional Status, Body Composition, and Bone Health in Women After Bariatric Surgery at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro.

Introduction: Calcium and/or vitamin D deficiency can occur after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) because of impaired absorption, resulting in secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased risk of reduced bone mineral density (BMD).

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess nutritional status, body composition, and bone health in women after RYGBP.

Method: Twenty-five premenopausal women who had undergone RYGBP (test group) and 33 women matched for age and body mass index who had not undergone surgery (control group) participated.

[Beta 2-adrenergic receptor gene association with overweight and asthma in children and adolescents and its relationship with physical fitness].

Objective:: To investigate the association of and polymorphisms of β2-adrenergic receptor gene () with the occurrence of asthma and overweight and the gene's influence on anthropometric, clinic, biochemical and physical fitness variables in children and adolescents.

Methods:: Subjects were evaluated for allelic frequencies of the β2-adrenergic receptor gene, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI -score, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage, resting heart rate (HRres), blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC), glucose, insulin, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), Homeostasis Metabolic Assessment (HOMA2-IR), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO). The participants were divided in four groups: overweight asthmatic (=39), overweight non-asthmatic (=115), normal weight asthmatic (=12), and normal weight non-asthmatic (=40).

Surgical treatment of class II malocclusion in the orthodontic boundaries: a case report.

The aim of this study was to report a clinical case of treatment of Class II division I malocclusion with facial aesthetic impairment, whose therapeutic approach comprised the association of orthodontic treatment with orthognathic surgery. The treatment for the present case consisted of decompensation oflower incisors and extraction oftwo lower premolars, in order to obtain horizontal discrepancy allowing the surgery for mandibular advancement. At the end of treatment, we could clinically observe a Class I molar/canine relationship, normal overbite and overjet, presence of lip seal, type I facial profile with considerable aesthetic improvement.

Evaluation of different methods for removing oral biofilm in patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the different methods for removing oral biofilm in combination with 0.12% chlorhexidine, in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the General University Hospital.

Materials And Methods: Initially, the patients were included in the study and underwent periodontal evaluation by means of the visible plaque index (VPI) and gingival bleeding index (GBI).

Upper incisors' positions after extraction.

The aim of this research was to verify the amount of horizontal and vertical movement and incisor inclination of upper incisors and correlate these with Edgewise and Alexander brackets use and the presence of overbite during anterior retraction in sliding mechanics. The sample was composed of 40 adult patients divided into 2 groups, treated with Edgewise and Alexander brackets (20 each) subdivided in 2 groups (10 each), according to the presence or absence of deep bite. Treatment consisted of 4 extraction cases with sliding mechanics with the 2 different brackets.

In vivo embryo production in cows superovulated 1 or 2 days after ovum pick-up.

The present study evaluated superovulatory responses and in vivo embryo production in cows treated with FSH starting 1 or 2 days after ovum pick-up (OPU). Thirty-three non-lactating Nelore cows were subjected to aspiration of all follicles ≥3mm for OPU. After OPU, cows were randomly divided into two groups in which the follicle superstimulatory treatments with FSH started 1 or 2 days after OPU (Groups D1 and D2, respectively).

Evaluation of the influence of whole and defatted flaxseed on satiety, glucose, and leptin levels of women in the late postoperative stage of bariatric surgery.

Background: Satiety decline is one of the factors that are involved in weight regain in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery. Nutrients such as long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and fibers could assist in food intake control by increasing satiety. Flaxseed is a source of these nutrients, and its consumption could help with possible glycemic control and increased satiety.