Oral Microbiota and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Detection of Emerging Fungal Pathogens and Herpesvirus.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are the usual clinical forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Changes in the oral microbiota, especially the presence of emerging fungi and herpesviruses, have been shown to worsen the clinical aspects of IBD. The aim of this study was to screen for emerging pathogens in the oral yeast microbiota and the presence of herpesvirus in IBD patients.

Tributyltin-induced visceral adiposity is associated with impaired redox balance in white adipose tissue of male rats.

Tributyltin (TBT) is an organotin compound that has several adverse health effects, including the development of obesity. Although obesity is strongly associated with adipose redox imbalance, there is a lack of information on whether TBT promotes a pro-oxidative environment in WAT. Thus, adult male Wistar rats were randomly exposed to either vehicle (ethanol 0.

Subacute administration of cilostazol modulates PLC-γ/PKC-α/p38/NF-kB pathway and plays vascular protective effects through eNOS activation in early stages of atherosclerosis development.

Aims: Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for development of cardiovascular disturbances, such as atherosclerosis, and its treatment remains challenging in modern medicine. Cilostazol is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 3 clinically prescribed for intermittent claudication treatment. Due to its pleiotropic properties, such as lipid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, the therapeutic repurposing of cilostazol has become a strategic approach for atherosclerosis treatment.

Reviewing Atrial Fibrillation Pathophysiology from a Network Medicine Perspective: The Relevance of Structural Remodeling, Inflammation, and the Immune System.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of sustained arrhythmia. The numerous gaps concerning the knowledge of its mechanism make improving clinical management difficult. As omics technologies allow more comprehensive insight into biology and disease at a molecular level, bioinformatics encompasses valuable tools for studying systems biology, as well as combining and modeling multi-omics data and networks.

Periodontal disease metabolomics signatures from different biofluids: a systematic review.

Background: Periodontitis is resulted from a complex interaction between genetics and epigenetics, microbial factors, and the host response. Metabolomics analyses reflect both the steady-state physiological equilibrium of cells or organisms as well as their dynamic metabolic responses to environmental stimuli.

Aim Of Review: This systematic review of the literature aimed to assess which low molecular weight metabolites are more often found in biological fluids of individuals with periodontitis compared to individuals with gingivitis or periodontal health.

Cilostazol attenuates cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic rats.

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease associated with pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative cardiovascular states. Cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor (PDE3), is clinically used in the treatment of intermittent claudication and secondary prevention of cerebral infarction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of cilostazol and the molecular mechanisms involved in hypercholesterolemic rats.

Evaluation of the effects produced by subacute tributyltin administration on vascular reactivity of male wistar rats.

Tributyltin chloride (TBT) is an organotin compound widely used in several high biocides for agroindustrial applications, such as fungicides, and marine antifouling paints leading to endocrine disrupting actions, such as imposex development in mollusks. In female rats, TBT has been shown to promote ovarian dysfunction, reduction of estrogen protective effect in the vascular morphophysiology, at least in part by oxidative stress consequences. Estrogen causes coronary endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation.

[Meanings and uses of hunger in Brazil's political debate: recurrence and presence].

Hunger is a persistent and structural issue in Brazil, occupying space intermittently on the political agenda, especially in times of political crisis. But when does it become interesting to denounce hunger? Who enunciates the problem and how? The article discusses the different discursive uses and meanings associated with hunger in Brazil's political debate from 1986 to 2015 and sheds light for updating the debate since 2016. This is a policy analysis study that aims to back reflection on the strategies and objectives of recent public policies to fight hunger in Brazil.

Impact of chronic gingivitis management on the cytokine and anti-PPAD expressions in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: A six-month follow-up.

Objective: To evaluate how chronic gingivitis treatment impacts the oral and circulating cytokine expressions after six-month follow-up in patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE) and also to evaluate the circulating expression of anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase antibodies (anti-PPAD) before and after treatment.

Background: Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus patients present a worse periodontal condition associated with higher gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferon-γ and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one adolescents with jSLE (mean age: 16.

Efficacy of Minoxidil Combined With Photobiomodulation for the Treatment of Male Androgenetic Alopecia. A Double-Blind Half-Head Controlled Trial.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a hair loss disorder that frequently affects the male population. Conventional treatment modalities are limited to minoxidil, 5α reductase inhibitors, and hair transplantation procedures. The efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation, in the treatment of AGA has been reported, yet little is known about the outcomes of combining photobiomodulation with other conventional therapies.

Could cilostazol be beneficial in COVID-19 treatment? Thinking about phosphodiesterase-3 as a therapeutic target.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has emerged and rapidly spread across the world. The COVID-19 severity is associated to viral pneumonia with additional extrapulmonary complications. Hyperinflammation, dysfunctional immune response and hypercoagulability state are associated to poor prognosis.

Biometric, nutritional, biochemical, and cardiovascular outcomes in male rats submitted to an experimental model of early weaning that mimics mother abandoning.

Literature describes breast milk as the best food for the newborn, recommending exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months of age. However, it is not available for more than 40% of children worldwide. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological models of 3-day early weaning were developed in rodents to investigate later outcomes related solely to this nutritional insult.

Overweight during lactation and its implications for biometric, nutritional and cardiovascular parameters of young and adult male and female rats.

Litter size reduction can induce early overnourishment, being an attractive experimental model to study short- and long-term consequences of childhood obesity. Epidemiological data indicate sex differences regarding cardiometabolic disorders and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The present study aimed to describe biometric, nutritional and cardiovascular changes related to neonatal overweight promoted by litter size reduction in young and adult Wistar rats of both sexes.

Inosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, avoids early stages of atherosclerosis development associated to eNOS activation and p38 MAPK/NF-kB inhibition in rats.

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic disease, initiated by an endothelial dysfunction. Adenosine and its analogs can change a variety of inflammatory diseases and has shown important effects at different disease models. Inosine is a stable analogous of adenosine, but its effects in inflammatory diseases, like atherosclerosis, have not yet been studied.

Periodontal status, vascular reactivity, and platelet aggregation changes in rats submitted to hypercholesterolemic diet and periodontitis.

Background And Objectives: Periodontitis can corroborate with development and progression of atherosclerosis and a possible bidirectional interaction between both pathologies has been hypothesized. The aim of this work was to study the interactions between diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and ligature-induced periodontitis in Wistar rats submitted to both conditions.

Material And Methods: Animals were divided into four experimental groups: C (control: standard diet without periodontitis), Perio (periodontitis plus standard diet), HC (high cholesterol diet without periodontitis), and HC + Perio (high cholesterol diet plus periodontitis).

Aerobic Training Associated with Arginine Supplementation Reduces Collagen-Induced Platelet Hyperaggregability in Rats under High Risk to Develop Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Increased platelet response is seen in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Previous reports have shown that arginine supplementation and aerobic exercise training enhance vascular nitric oxide (NO) activity and inhibit platelet hyperaggregability; however, the effects of their association remain unknown.

Aim: To investigate whether arginine supplementation and aerobic exercise association may exert beneficial effects, reducing platelet hyperaggregability in rats under high risk to develop metabolic syndrome.

Arginine and aerobic training prevent endothelial and metabolic alterations in rats at high risk for the development of the metabolic syndrome.

Endothelial function is a key mechanism in the development of CVD. Arginine and exercise are important non-pharmacological strategies for mitigating the impact of metabolic changes in the metabolic syndrome, but the effect of their combined administration is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the isolated and combined effects of aerobic training and arginine supplementation on metabolic variables and vascular reactivity in rats at high risk for developing the metabolic syndrome.

Schamberg's disease: case report with therapeutic success by using colchicine.

Pigmented purpuric dermatoses (PPD) include a spectrum of diseases with different clinical aspects, but with similar histopathological features. Specific clinical findings allow the division of PPD in variants. Schamberg's disease is the most common.

Trichotillomania: a case report with clinical and dermatoscopic differential diagnosis with alopecia areata.

Trichotillomania is a psychodermatologic disorder characterized by uncontrollable urge to pull one's own hair. Differential diagnoses include the most common forms of alopecia such as alopecia areata. It is usually associated with depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Ofuji disease: a rare dermatosis and its challenging therapeutic approach.

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) or Ofuji disease is a rare dermatosis, prone to recurrence and chronicity. The peak incidence occurs in the third decade of life and its exact etiology remains unknown. Evidence suggests that the expression of adhesion molecules and the production of cytokines activate the follicular unit, but the stimulus that triggers these changes remains unclear.