Evaluation of alternative photoinitiator systems in two-step self-etch adhesive systems.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different photoinitiator systems on the cell viability and physico-chemical properties of an experimental adhesive resin of a two-step self-etch adhesive system.

Methods: Eight photoinitiators and coinitiators were evaluated, camphorquinone (CQ); ethyl-dimethylamino benzoate (EDAB); diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPIHFP); 1,3-benzodioxole (BDO); piperonyl alcohol (AP); 1,3-diethyl-2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA); bisphenyl phosphinic oxide (BAPO); and diphenyl phosphinic oxide (TPO). Seven experimental adhesive resins (Bis-GMA:TEGDMA - 1:1 by wt%) were formulated by varying the initiation systems: R (control), R, R, R, R, R and R.

Long-term bonding efficacy of adhesives containing benzodioxioles as alternative co-initiators.

This study evaluated the three-year lifespan of the bond to dentin of experimental self-etch adhesives containing benzodioxole derivatives - 1,3-benzodioxole (BDO) and piperonyl alcohol (PA) - as co-initiator alternative to amines. Adhesive resins were formulated using Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, HEMA, camphorquinone and different co-initiators: BDO, PA or ethyl 4-dimethylamino benzoate (EDAB - amine). An experimental self-etch primer was used to complete the two-step, self-etch adhesive system.

Iodonium salt incorporation in dental adhesives and its relation with degree of conversion, ultimate tensile strength, cell viability, and oxidative stress.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion, ultimate tensile strength, cell viability, and oxidative stress of two different ternary initiation systems, using two photoinitiation polymerization times.

Methods: The groups investigated were camphorquinone (CQ); CQ and diphenyleneiodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPI); CQ and ethyl 4-dimethylamine benzoate (EDAB); and CQ, EDAB, and DPI, with EDAB in high and low concentration. To assess the degree of conversion (DC) and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), a real-time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a universal test machine Emic DL-500 were used, respectively.

Evaluation of long-term bond strength and selected properties of self-adhesive resin cements.

This study evaluated the shear bond strength (SBS) of self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) to dentin and their physical-chemical properties. Five commercial SARCs were evaluated [SmartCem®2 - DENTSPLY (SC2); BisCem® - Bisco (BC); SeT PP® - SDI (SeT); Relyx U100® - 3M ESPE (U100) and YCEM® SA - Yller (YCEM)]. The SARCs were evaluated for SBS to dentin (n = 10) after 24 h, 6 months, and 12 months.

Characterization of Bis-Acryl Composite Resins for Provisional Restorations.

This study investigated the in vitro performance of the commercial bis-acryl composite resins Systemp C&B II (SYS, Ivoclar Vivadent), Protemp 4 (PT4, 3M ESPE), Structur 2C (ST2, Voco) and ProviPlast (PVP, Biodinamica). Characterization involved optical (color stability, translucency parameter, fluorescence), surface (roughness, morphology and elemental composition), physical-chemical (viscosity, polymerization kinetics) and mechanical analyses (Poisson ratio, biaxial flexural strength, flexural modulus). Most tests were carried out after 24 h, but optical and mechanical analyses were carried out after storage in water at 37 °C for 1, 15, and 30 days.

Stability of initiation systems in acidic photopolymerizable dental material.

Objectives: This study simulated the shelf life to evaluate the stability of initiation systems on acidic photopolymerizable dental material, through an experimental self-adhering flowable composite resin (SACR).

Methods: An SACR model was formulated with monomers Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, acidic monomer (GDMA-P), and inorganic fillers. Initiation system combinations of camphorquinone (CQ), tertiary amine (EDAB), diphenyl phosphine oxide (TPO), phenylbis phosphine oxide (BAPO), and the diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate (DPIHFP) were tested.

Effect of antioxidants on the dentin interface bond stability of adhesives exposed to hydrolytic degradation.

Purpose: This study assessed the effect of antioxidants vitamin C (Vit. C), vitamin E (Vit. E) and quercetin (Querc) on the dentin bonding performance, degree of conversion, and rate of polymerization of three commercial adhesive systems (Adper Single Bond 2 [SB], Clearfil SE Bond [CSE], Adper Easy Bond [EB]).

BAPO as an alternative photoinitiator for the radical polymerization of dental resins.

Objectives: This study evaluated the performance of phenylbis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide (BAPO) as an alternative photoinitiator in the polymerization kinetics (PK), flexural strength (σ) and elastic modulus (E) of a model dental resin.

Methods: A monomer mixture based on Bis-GMA and TEGDMA was used as model dental resin. Initially a screening was performed to evaluate BAPO concentrations (0.