Copper-Zinc ratio and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients during the perioperative period.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine Cu/Zn ratio, nutritional and inflammatory status in patients during the perioperative period for colorectal cancer.

Methods: The study included patients with histological diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma (Cancer Group, n=46) and healthy volunteers (Control Group, n=28). We determined habitual food intake, body composition, laboratory data of nutritional status, serum calprotectin and plasma Cu and Zn concentrations.

INFLUENCE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND OBESITY IN PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS.

Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and it is particularly associated to the insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity and abnormalities in lipid and glucose metabolism.

Objective: Considering the importance of obesity and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, this study aimed to evaluate the presence and association of the obesity and oxidative stress in this pathology.

Methods: Fifteen outpatients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis group), diagnosed according to the histopathological findings from the liver biopsy, and 15 body mass index-matched subjects (non nonalcoholic steatohepatitis group) without nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were included.

Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Antioxidant Defenses and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: a Placebo-Controlled, Prospective Randomized Trial.

The study aimed to investigate the effect of oral zinc supplementation on antioxidant defenses and oxidative stress markers during chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Twenty-four patients who had undergone surgical resection of colorectal cancer participated in this placebo-controlled, prospective randomized study. The supplementation was started in the perioperative period, in which 10 patients received 70 mg of zinc (zinc group, n = 10) and 14 patients received placebo (placebo group, n = 14) for 16 weeks.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism and serum homocysteine levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background/aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in the absence of alcohol consumption. Hyperhomocysteinemia is considered an independent risk factor for liver diseases, and the genetic polymorphisms C677T and A1298C in the MTHFR gene have been linked to hyperhomocysteinemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate serum homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations and the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms as risk factors for the development of NAFLD.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma2 polymorphisms in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a study in Brazilian patients.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the accumulation of hepatic steatosis in the absence of excess alcohol consumption. The pathogenesis of fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis (NASH) is not fully elucidated, but the common association with visceral obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suggests that it is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPARα and PPARγ are members of a family of nuclear receptors involved in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, adipogenesis and sensitivity to insulin.

Progression of lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, damage to DNA and histopathological changes in the liver of rats subjected to a methionine-choline-deficient diet.

Methionine-choline-deficient diet represents a model for the study of the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis. Male rats were divided into three groups, the first group receiving a control diet and the other two groups receiving a methionine-choline-deficient diet for 1 month (MCD1) and for 2 months (MCD2), respectively. The livers of the animals were collected for the determination of vitamin E, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), GSH concentration, DNA damages, and for histopathological evaluation.

Hyperhomocysteinemia and polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate gene in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.

Hyperhomocysteinemia has been documented in chronic renal failure (CRF). Premature as well as progressive occlusive vascular disease is common. Mutations or polymorphisms in the gene of the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), as C677T, A1298C and G1793A, are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and possibly with elevated risk for vascular diseases.

DNA oxidative damage in patients with dialysis treatment.

Background/aims: Chronic renal patients on hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment are exposed to oxidative stress and DNA damage. The objective of this study was to assess the oxidative damage to DNA in end-stage chronic renal failure, before and after vitamin E supplementation.

Methods: Patients on HD (n=29) and PD (n=22) received oral supplementation with 300 mg vitamin E three times a week for 4 weeks.