Firearm Injury Prevention and Survivor Interventions: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: To examine components of firearm injury prevention and survivor response programs, their outcomes, and gaps in this body of research.

Method: A total of 100 publications were identified across four databases: PubMed/Medline, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Scopus. Articles were screened for inclusion in the scoping review and details were extracted into an electronic table for synthesis.

Anxiety and depression among individuals with long COVID: Associations with social vulnerabilities.

Background: We examined the association between symptoms of anxiety and depression among individuals with long COVID and five social vulnerabilities (expenses, employment, food insufficiency, housing, and insurance).

Methods: Data from the Census Bureau's Household Pulse Survey (HPS) detailing COVID incidence, duration, and symptoms between June 1st and November 14th, 2022 contained versions of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) questionnaires. Associations between anxiety, depression, and the five social vulnerabilities among respondents from different racial and ethnic groups experiencing long COVID were evaluated using generalized binomial logistic regression.

Impact of a Hospital-Based Food Pharmacy Program on Health Outcomes of Vulnerable Patients.

Access to healthy foods, especially for those who are living with diabetes and hypertension, is crucial in managing these chronic diseases. This study evaluates the implementation of a food pharmacy and food prescription program at a safety-net hospital that serves vulnerable populations. Patients who screen as food insecure using the USDA adult food security survey receive a referral from the physician to the food pharmacy program where a dietician reviews their dietary requirements based on their chronic disease and develops a diet plan.

Community engagement strategies for population health research with culturally diverse adults.

The purpose of this report is to describe the community engagement research (CEnR) strategies used to implement the (FSRAS), a tri-institutional research project conducted during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe the CEnR strategies used to enroll adults aged ≥ 25 years old self-identifying as African American (AA), Caribbean (CN), or Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) into FSRAS health research studies. The second goal is to report the number of AA, CN, and H/L adults involved in FSRAS and discuss the implications of CEnR strategies used throughout this research.

Using Community Engagement to Move Upstream to Address Social Determinants of Health.

Given its role as a safety net institution, the University of Florida Health (UF Health) Jacksonville has responded to the community's needs through partnerships with the community for decades. Such academic-community partnerships have a broad emphasis on population health and primary care that expands the model of care to include community engagement, which allows such partnerships to promote health and well-being and reduce health inequalities by addressing social determinants of health (SDOH).This report describes the UF Health Jacksonville and University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville's creation of the Urban Health Alliance (UHA) in June 2019 due to continued poor health outcomes and inequities within the community.

Intergenerational Influence of African American, Caribbean and Hispanic/Latino Adults Regarding Decision to Participate in Health-Related Research.

Identifying effective strategies to enroll African American, Caribbean, and Hispanic/Latino adults ≥65 years of age in health research is a public health priority. This study aimed to explore intergenerational influence (IGI) among these populations living throughout Florida. African American, Caribbean, and Hispanic/Latino adults ≥65 years of age and a trusted family member/friend between 25-64 years participated in virtual listening sessions (LS).

Smart Meds: Using Pharmacists to Address Health Literacy Disparities Among Medically- and Socially-Vulnerable Populations.

Patients in historically underserved communities are most vulnerable to uncontrolled chronic conditions and report a lack of health knowledge to manage them. This report aims to describe the development of SMART MEDS, a pharmacy-led program implemented to address health literacy disparities among medically and socially vulnerable patients.

Florida-California Cancer Research, Education and Engagement (CaRE) Health Equity Center: Structure, Innovations, and Initial Outcomes.

Introduction: The Florida-California Cancer Research, Education, and Engagement (CaRE) Health Equity Center is a triad partnership committed to increasing institutional capacity for cancer disparity research, the diversity of the cancer workforce, and community empowerment. This article provides an overview of the structure, process innovations, and initial outcomes from the first 4 years of the CaRE triad partnership.

Methods: CaRE serves diverse populations in Florida and California using a "molecule to the community and back" model.

Training Community African American and Hispanic/Latino/a Advocates on Prostate Cancer (PCa): a Multicultural and Bicoastal Approach.

African American communities are disproportionately impacted by prostate cancer (PCa) compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Whereas the incidence of PCa in Hispanic/Latino men is lower than the incidence in non-Hispanic/Latino White men, Hispanic/Latino men are more likely to be diagnosed with PCa in late stages, and less likely to be knowledgeable about PCa, resulting in significant disparities. We developed, culturally adapted, translated, implemented, and evaluated a PCa Cancer Advocacy Training in African American and Hispanic/Latino/a communities.

Willingness of Older Adults From Culturally Diverse Populations to Participate in COVID-19 Related Treatment Trials and Associated Factors.

This survey study aimed to assess the willingness of culturally diverse older adults to participate in COVID-19 research. The majority of the 276 participants were women (81%,  = 223) and Black/African American (62%,  = 172) or White Hispanic (20%,  = 56). A key finding from the survey was less than 1 of 10 respondents would be likely to participate in COVID-19 related research if given the opportunity.

Providing telemedicine services to persons living with HIV in an urban community: a demonstration project.

Although HIV incidence and mortality rates have declined over the past 20 years, HIV health disparities continue to persist among patients living in urban communities. Barriers to proficient health outcomes for persons with HIV (PWH) in urban communities include lack of access to care, resulting from limited transportation or clinic availability. While healthcare systems in rural communities provide telemedicine (TM) services to PWH to eliminate transportation and accessibility barriers, few examples exist regarding TM use for PWH in urban communities.

Engaging primary care patients with existing online tools for weight loss: A pilot trial.

Objective: Free online tools show potential for promoting weight loss at a low cost, but there is limited evidence about how to effectively engage patients with them. To address this, a low-dose, flexible intervention was developed that aims to enhance weight-related discussions with primary care providers (PCPs) and engage patients with an organic (i.e.

Promoting weight-loss maintenance among Black women primary care patients: A cluster RCT of a culturally sensitive versus standard behavioural approach.

The prevalence of obesity is higher among Black women (56.6%) compared to Hispanic women (50%) and non-Hispanic White women (42%). Notably, interventions to reduce obesity typically result in initial weight loss that is not maintained.

COVID-19 Infection among Family and Friends: The Psychological Impact on Non-Infected Persons.

Little is known about the mental health impact of having a family member or friend infected with COVID-19. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive national assessment of the psychological impact of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, or death among family members and friends. A multi-item valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online to recruit adults in the U.

Striking a Balance between Work and Play: The Effects of Work-Life Interference and Burnout on Faculty Turnover Intentions and Career Satisfaction.

Background: The interactions between work and personal life are important for ensuring well-being, especially during COVID-19 where the lines between work and home are blurred. Work-life interference/imbalance can result in work-related burnout, which has been shown to have negative effects on faculty members' physical and psychological health. Although our understanding of burnout has advanced considerably in recent years, little is known about the effects of burnout on nursing faculty turnover intentions and career satisfaction.

COVID-19 pandemic and weight gain in American adults: A nationwide population-based study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people in many ways. However, little is known about weight gain in American adults during the pandemic.

Aims And Methods: The purpose of this study was to conduct a national assessment of weight gain in adult Americans after the first year of the pandemic.

Knowledge, preferences and willingness to use at-home prostate and colorectal cancer screening tests in African American and Haitian men.

Haitian (HA) and African American (AA) men have the highest prostate cancer (PCa) and colorectal cancer (CRC) age-adjusted mortality rates compared with other racial/ethnic groups worldwide. One contributing factor to mortality differences is that a low percentage of age-eligible HA and AA men screen for PCa and CRC, even when healthcare access and insurance are available. Reasons for cancer screening disparities may be differences in knowledge, preferences and willingness in HA and AA men.

COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality in Social Networks: Does It Influence Vaccine Hesitancy?

The impact of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality among family and friends on vaccination preferences is not well explored. A valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online via mTurk to recruit a national random sample of adult Americans to understand COVID-19 vaccination preferences and its relationship with COVID-19 infection in social networks. A total of 1602 individuals participated in the study where the majority had taken at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine (79%) and almost a tenth were planning to do so (10%) or did not want to take the vaccine (11%).

Continuous Engagement in a Weight-Loss Program Promotes Sustained Significant Weight Loss.

Background: Significant weight loss improves health but regain is common.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine if 2,346 members of Take Off Pounds Sensibly-a national, low-cost, peer-led weight-loss program-achieved and maintained significant weight loss with 7 consecutive annual renewals.

Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort design.

Post-lockdown depression and anxiety in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The mental health impact of the pandemic after the initial lockdowns has not been well studied in the USA. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive and systematic national assessment of the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the adult US population.

Methods: A multi-item, valid and reliable questionnaire was deployed online via mTurk and social media sites to recruit adult US participants in the general population across the USA.

COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in the United States: A Rapid National Assessment.

Given the results from early trials, COVID-19 vaccines will be available by 2021. However, little is known about what Americans think of getting immunized with a COVID-19 vaccine. Thus, the purpose of this study was to conduct a comprehensive and systematic national assessment of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a community-based sample of the American adult population.