Viruses in the era of microplastics and plastispheres: Analytical methods, advances and future directions.

Research on microplastics and plastispheres now incorporates the study of viruses to evaluate their effects on the environment and human health. Sharing these new discoveries with the scientific community is crucial to fostering further research and collaborations. However, the current research and methodologies used are fragmented.

Plastisphere-hosted viruses: A review of interactions, behavior, and effects.

Microbial communities, including bacteria, diatoms, and fungi, colonize plastic surfaces, forming biofilms known as the "plastisphere." Recent research has revealed that plastispheres also host a wide range of viruses, sparking interest in microbial ecology and virology. This shared habitat allows viruses to replicate, interact, infect, and spread, potentially impacting the environment and human health.

Microplastic contamination in commercially packaged edible seaweeds and exposure of the ethnic minority and local population in Mexico.

Diet is an important pathway for microplastic exposure. This study examined distinct edible seaweed products sold at ethnic food stores in Mexico for microplastic contamination, as well as the exposure of the Asian ethnic minority and local population to microplastics. Microplastics were extracted from seaweed samples using a wet oxide digestion with hydrogen peroxide followed by zinc chloride density separation.

Microplastisphere antibiotic resistance genes: A bird's-eye view on the plastic-specific diversity and enrichment.

The microplastisphere is a dense consortium of metabolically active microorganisms that develops on the surface of microplastics. Since the discovery that it harbors antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), there has been a quest to decipher the relationship between ARG occurrences and selective enrichment with plastic types, which is important to understand their fate in diverse environmental settings. Nonetheless, it remains a neglected topic, and this developing field of microplastics research could benefit from a comprehensive review to acquire a deeper understanding of the most recent advances and drive scientific progress.

Do microbial decomposers find micro- and nanoplastics to be harmful stressors in the aquatic environment? A systematic review of in vitro toxicological research.

Microbial decomposers (bacteria and fungi) are likely to interact with plastic particles introduced into natural systems, particularly micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), exposing them to a variety of risks. In vitro testing has proven to be an accessible and viable method for gaining insights into how microbial decomposers behave individually and systemically toward MNPs. Recent advances have enhanced our understanding of MNP interactions with organisms, revealing the molecular foundations of adaptive responses as well as the biological impact and potential risks to MNPs.

Consumption of commercially sold dried fish snack "Charales" contaminated with microplastics in Mexico.

Inadvertent human exposure to microplastics by the ingestion of microplastic-contaminated processed foods poses health risks and new preventative issues; nevertheless, investigations analyzing microplastic occurrences in commercially dried fish for direct human consumption are scarce. This study assessed the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in 25 commercially sold dried fish products (4 supermarkets, 3 street vendors, and 18 traditional agri-product farmers' markets) from two widely consumed and commercially important Chirostoma species (C. jordani and C.

Putting eggs on marine litter: Towards an understanding of a cause for concern.

Marine litter, including plastic litter, represent a serious environmental problem at a global scale. Plastics in marine litter have been documented on few occasions as serving as a unique substrate for fish oviposition in the oceans. The main goal of this viewpoint is to add to the previous discussion of fish oviposition and marine litter concerns by pointing out current research needs.

Common laboratory reagents: Are they a double-edged sword in microplastics research?

Understanding and communicating instances of microplastic contamination is critical for enabling plastic-free transitions. While microplastics research uses a variety of commercial chemicals and laboratory liquids, the impact of microplastics on these materials remains unknown. To fill this knowledge gap, the current study investigated microplastics abundance and their characteristics in laboratory waters (distilled, deionized, and Milli-Q), salts (NaCl and CaCl), chemical solutions (HO, KOH and NaOH), and ethanol from various research laboratories and commercial brands.

An assessment of higher-value recyclable wastes in Mexico City households using a novel waste collector citizen science approach.

The ability to accurately characterize and collect data on household waste generation and composition is essential for promoting recycling and developing city management plans. However, traditional data collection approaches in developing countries are hampered by jurisdictional and budgetary constraints. Here, we explore whether citizen science projects that collaborate with waste collectors can solve this problem and be a viable tool for addressing household waste generation across temporal and geographic boundaries.

First evidence of microplastic contamination in ready-to-use packaged food ice cubes.

Concern over microplastics has grown tremendously, and they have been found in all environmental compartments; yet, much remains unknown regarding their impact on a variety of human-consuming food products. Here, we contribute to ongoing research by screening the 15 most popular commercial brands of packaged food ice cubes in Mexico City for microplastics. Microplastics were detected in 100% of the samples evaluated, with concentrations ranging from 19 ± 4 to 178 ± 78 L.

Microplastic diagnostics in humans: "The 3Ps" Progress, problems, and prospects.

The growing global concern about human exposure to microplastics necessitates research into their occurrence, fate, and effects. Recent advancements in analytical methods have fostered research and improved understanding of microplastics in a variety of human tissue and biological samples, including blood, liver, lung, placenta, kidney, spleen, sputum, and feces, etc. Given the rapid expansion of this research topic, it is imperative to assess and introduce them to a broader audience.

Strengthening citizen science partnerships with frontline sanitation personnel to study and tackle plastic pollution.

The COVID-19 outbreak has boosted demand for and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and other single-use plastics, adding to the environment's already high levels of plastic pollution and endangering biota. Estimating the relative abundance of PPE wastes that end up in the environment is crucial and has remained a challenge for COVID-19 researchers. Citizen science has been utilized in recent studies to monitor and collect data using volunteers, and it has proven to be a valuable approach even in difficult situations.

Human exposure to microplastics from urban decentralized pay-to-fetch drinking-water refill kiosks.

Microplastics in the human diet have become a worldwide concern. To date, microplastics in urban drinking water supplies, such as decentralized drinking-water refill kiosks, have not been studied and are a pressing concern since they are so closely tied to human life and have a significant influence on health. This study evaluated the occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in 63 drinking water samples collected from decentralized refill kiosks in the Mexico City metropolitan area.

Occurrence and characteristics of atmospheric microplastics in Mexico City.

While atmospheric microplastics have attracted scientific attention as a significant source of microplastic contamination in the environment, studies in large population centers remain sparse. Here we present the first report on the occurrence and distribution of atmospheric microplastics in Mexico City (Latin America's second most densely populated city), collected using PM and PM active samplers at seven monitoring stations (urban, residential, and industrial) during the dry and wet seasons of 2020. The results showed that microplastics were detected in all of the samples examined, with mean microplastic concentrations (items m) of 0.

Free, but not microplastic-free, drinking water from outdoor refill kiosks: A challenge and a wake-up call for urban management.

Free refill drinking water kiosks are an essential sustainable water supply system for people in metropolitan areas worldwide. Despite their importance in urban settings, the impact of microplastic contamination remains elusive. Here, we investigated the occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in drinking-water samples collected from 22 self-distributed refill kiosks located in 14 multiuse urban parks spread across nine municipalities in Mexico City (Mexico).

Surface water quality in the upstream of the highly contaminated Santiago River (Mexico) during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Unlabelled: The Santiago River (Jalisco) is a major waterway in western Mexico and has received considerable attention due to its severe pollution. Understanding the impact of reduced human activity on water quality in the Santiago River during the COVID-19 lockdown (April-May 2020) is critical for river management and restoration. However, there has been no published study in this context, presenting a significant knowledge gap.

Coverage of microplastic data underreporting and progress toward standardization.

The analysis of microplastics in various environmental matrices is becoming more prevalent in almost every region of the world. Microplastics are underreported depending on how they are extracted and analyzed, and their magnitude and impacts are unknown or unstudied. This paper aims to synthesize a concrete assessment of the important factors that underpin microplastics data underreporting.

Wet wipes contribution to microfiber contamination under COVID-19 era: An important but overlooked problem.

Wet wipes for disinfection, sanitizing, and medical purposes, like personal protective equipment, have witnessed an upsurge in production and use as a result of COVID-19 outbreak. They are a potential source of microfibers and have recently been found in COVID-19 plastic litter survey campaigns conducted in a few marine environments around the world. This mini-review highlights wet wipes as a one of the key debris items contributing to the growing COVID-19-related microplastic pollution, and there are significant gaps in our understanding of microfiber release under different environmental conditions, morphological, and chemical degradation signatures, necessitating a comprehensive study of disinfectant wipes.

The current state of microplastic pollution in the world's largest gulf and its future directions.

Microplastics can have several negative consequences on a variety of organisms, and their prevalence in marine ecosystems has become a major concern. Researchers have recently focused their attention on the world's largest gulf, the Gulf of Mexico (GoM), to determine and assess the impact of microplastic pollution on various environmental compartments (i.e.

(Micro)plastics: A possible criterion for beach certification with a focus on the Blue Flag Award.

On the one hand, environmental certifications like the Blue Flag award (BFA) are well-known globally for its role in beach management and tourism attraction. Plastic pollution like microplastics, on the other hand, has become a global concern due to their increasing persistence and negative environmental repercussions. This paper examines and discusses the factors that would lead to (micro)plastics being included to the BFA as a criterion.

A critical synthesis of current peer-reviewed literature on the environmental and human health impacts of COVID-19 PPE litter: New findings and next steps.

Since the emergence of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the threat of plastic waste pollution has grown exponentially, with a strong attention on the environmental and human health consequences of millions of personal protective equipment (PPE) (e.g., face masks, shields, gloves, and wipes) being used and discarded.

Overview of microplastics pollution with heavy metals: Analytical methods, occurrence, transfer risks and call for standardization.

The identification and quantification of metals in microplastics are necessary to determine their exposure levels as well as to understand their potential toxicity in the environment linked to the ubiquity of microplastics. The readiness of effective protocols and measurement techniques for accurate metal quantification is of utmost importance. This first review, based on 28 original articles, provides a systematic assessment of the current protocols for extraction, detection and quantification of metals in microplastics and the challenges associated with them.