Assessment of Increased T2 Signal Activity in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Undergoing Posterior Cervical Fusion.

Aim: To compare the preoperative and postoperative increased signal intensity (ISI) outcomes of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) patients who underwent posterior decompression and fusion, and to assess the correlation between ISI changes and postsurgical clinical prognosis.

Material And Methods: The results from 123 patients were evaluated. In addition to demographic data, such as age and gender, factors, including body mass index (BMI); smoking history; duration of symptoms; follow-up periods; levels of decompression and fusion; comorbidities, such as diabetes, coronary artery disease, and hypertension; ISI grading; cervical sagittal vertical axis; C2-7 cervical lordosis parameters; and Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scores, were statistically analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively.

Different C2 screw placement techniques with mobilization of the vertebral artery in high-riding vertebral artery cases: Cadaver dissection.

Objective: In neurosurgery, posterior approaches intended at the craniovertebral junction are frequently used. The most popular procedures for treating upper cervical instability are C1 lateral mass, C2 pedicle, and C1-C2 transarticular screw stabilization. Due to their proximity to neural structures and the presence of the high-riding vertebral artery (VA), these techniques are complicated.

Radiologic Examination of High Riding Vertebral Artery and Analysis of Secure Areas.

Objective: To radiologically examine the pedicle, lamina, and vertebral artery foraminal anatomies at the C2 vertebra for pedicular and laminar screw instrumentation at the axis in a Turkish population.

Methods: From 2018 to 2019, we evaluated 100 patients who underwent cervical computed tomography (CT) for various reasons (excluding cervical pathologies) at Marmara University Hospital. The C2 pedicles were measured on CT images using measurement tools.

Is Standalone Posterior Cervical Pedicle Screw Fixation Sufficient to Correct Cervical Postlaminectomy Kyphosis?

Aim: To evaluate the clinical processes of patients with cervical postlaminectomy kyphosis (PLK) who underwent standalone posterior pedicle screw fixation surgery.

Material And Methods: The results of 21 patients with cervical PLK treated using the pedicle screw method between 2015 and 2018 were retrospectively examined. Patient data included demographic information and indications for surgery.

The outcomes of using high oxygen concentration in pediatric patients.

Oxygen reserve index, available as part of Masimo Rainbow SET pulse oximetry, is a noninvasive and continuous variable intended to provide insight into a patient's oxygen status in the moderate hyperoxic range (PaO > 100 and ≤ 200 mm Hg), defined as a patient's oxygen "reserve". When used in conjunction with pulse oximetry, ORi extends the knowledge on a patient's oxygen status providing clinically important information helping to prevent hyperoxemia and hypoxemia. There are limited data on patients undergoing craniosynostosis surgery.

The loneliness of a long-distance runner. A ten-year survey of a patient diagnosed with Gorham-Stout syndrome at the occipitocervical junction.

This case study presents a 47-year-old male who was diagnosed with Gorham-Stout syndrome (GSS) 10 years ago in the occipitocervical junction. The pathology caused the resorption of the suboccipital bone, clivus, foramen magnum, and C1-C3 laminae. After his first fusion attempt in 2010 using occipital plate-cervical lateral mass screws, he needed many revision surgeries either for the progression of the pathology or for instrumentation failure and wound healing problems.

Is C1-C2 Reduction and Fixation A Good Choice in the Treatment of Recurrent Chiari-Like Symptoms With Syringomyelia?

Background: Foramen magnum decompression (FMD) is the first-choice treatment for Chiari malformation (CM). However, it has been suggested that cerebellar herniation and syringomyelia occur as a natural protective event to prevent neural damage caused by atlantoaxial instability. It is argued that treating instability is the main treatment.

Percutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation for Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Retrospective Study.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of percutaneous spinal cord stimulation (PSCS) in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) in an academic tertiary care center.

Material And Methods: The hospital records of patients with FBSS who had undergone PSCS were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 19 patients with FBSS matched the search criteria, and among them, 16 were included in the study, in whom permanent implantable pulse generators (IPGs) were implanted.

Airplane Landing Accident: How Safe Is Use of Passenger Lap Seat Belts in Aircrafts?

Background: Seat belts are considered the reason for seat belt syndrome, which mainly occurs during rapid deceleration in motor vehicle accidents. Seat belt syndrome is characterized by contusion of the front torso, intrathoracic or intraabdominal organ injuries, and spinal thoracic or lumbar chance fractures.

Case Description: This case study presents a 21-year-old female who was injured by a lap-type seat belt and diagnosed with seat belt syndrome after an airplane landing accident.

Comparative evaluation of the electrophysiological, functional and ultrastructural effects of alpha lipoic acid and cyanocobalamin administration in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.

Background: Vitamin B12 and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) are known to promote functional and morphological recovery after peripheral nerve injury.

Objective: To compare the regenerative and neuroprotective effects of vitamin B12 and ALA treatment after sciatic nerve injury.

Methods: A total of 40 rats were randomly assigned to control (sciatic nerve exposure without injury or anastomosis), sham (sciatic nerve injury and epineural anastomosis were performed but no treatment was administered), PS (isotonic saline was administered for 12 weeks after surgery), ALA (2 mg/kg ALA was administered for 12 weeks after surgery), and vitamin B12 groups (2 mg/kg cyanocobalamin was administered for 12 weeks after surgery).

Open-door Laminoplasty with Preservation of Muscle Attachments of C2 and C7 for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Retrospective Study.

Aim: Some restriction and complications, such as progression of kyphosis, incidence of axial neck pain and decrease of postoperative cervical range of motion are concern. We designed this retrospective clinical study to evaluate the effect of laminoplasty by preserving the muscle attachments of C2 and C7 spinous processes on range of motion (ROM), axial neck pain and cervical lordosis.

Material And Methods: Twenty-seven cases with cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent open-door laminoplasty with the protection of muscle attachments to the C2 and C7 spinous process and laminae between 2007 and 2013.

Esophageal perforation after anterior cervical surgery: a review of the literature for over half a century with a demonstrative case and a proposed novel algorithm.

Purpose: To review relevant data for the management of esophageal perforation after anterior cervical surgery.

Methods: A case of delayed esophageal perforation after anterior cervical surgery has been presented and the relevant literature between 1958 and 2014 was reviewed. A total of 57 papers regarding esophageal perforation following anterior cervical surgery were found and utilized in this review.

The Use of Neuronavigation and Intraoperative Imaging in Spinal Stabilization Surgery.

Aim: Misplacement of pedicle screw is the serious complication of spinal surgeries. Intraoperative imaging techniques and navigation systems are currently in use for the prevention of this complication. The aim of this study was to document the results of our experience with the navigation and intraoperative imaging technique and to share our experience with our colleagues.

Neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and dexamethasone on intrauterine ischemia in the fetal rat brain: ultrastructural evaluation.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and dexamethasone on oxidative damage in intrauterine ischemia.

Material And Methods: In this study, 19-day pregnant rats were divided into five groups. Fetal brain ischemia was achieved in the ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) group by bilaterally closing the utero-ovarian artery with aneurysm clips for 30 min and subsequently removing the aneurysm clips for 60 min for reperfusion.

Neuroprotective effects of propofol, thiopental, etomidate, and midazolam in fetal rat brain in ischemia-reperfusion model.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of propofol, thiopental, etomidate, and midazolam as anesthetic drugs in fetal rat brain in the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model.

Methods: Pregnant rats of day 19 were randomly allocated into eight groups. Fetal brain ischemia was induced by clamping the utero-ovarian artery bilaterally for 30 min and reperfusion was achieved by removing the clamps for 60 min.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of pre-ischemic hyperbaric oxygen and post-ischemic aminoguanidine in experimental cerebral ischemia.

Objective: To study the effects of pre-ischemic hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and post-ischemic aminoguanidine (AG) on the infarct volume in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Methods: This study was approved by the Animal Experiments Ethics Committee of Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey and carried out from March 2006 to August 2006. A total of 28 Sprague-Dawley rats (200-320 g) were divided into 4 groups: control (K) group (n = 7); HBO group (n = 7); HBO + AG group (n = 7); and the AG group (n = 7).

Management of Thoracal and Lumbar Schwannomas Using a Unilateral Approach without Instability: An Analysis of 15 Cases.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine and discuss the surgical planning of patients who underwent operations following diagnoses of thoracal and lumbar spinal schwannomas. We also aimed to discuss the application of unilateral hemilaminectomy for the microsurgery of schwannomas.

Transsphenoidal approaches to the pituitary: a progression in experience in a single centre.

Background: Evolving of a single centre by means of different transsphenoidal approaches during the survey of methodological advances in pituitary surgery is presented.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-three consecutive patients with pituitary adenomas underwent transphenoidal pituitary operations at Gulhane Military Medical Academy from January 1996 to October 2007. Retrospective chart-based analysis of the surgical methods of transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma operations were done.