Synaptotagmin IV: biochemistry, genetics, behavior, and possible links to human psychiatric disease.

We isolated the rat synaptotagmin IV (Syt IV) cDNA in a screen for sequences that are specifically induced in neuronal cells. The Syts are a large family of genes thought to mediate synaptic function. Syt IV is brain-specific, induced in hippocampus by depolarization, and predominantly vesicular.

A structural hierarchy in the hydrogen-bonded adduct N,N'-dimethylpiperazine-tartaric acid-water (1/2/2): an N-component N-dimensional structure (N =3) with substructures having N = 1 and 2.

In the hydrated adduct N,N'-dimethylpiperazine-1,4-diium bis(3-carboxy-2,3-dihydroxypropanoate) dihydrate, [MeNH(CH2CH2)2NHMe]2+*2(C4H5O6)-*2H2O or C6H16N2(2+)*2C4H5O6-*2H2O, formed between racemic tartaric acid and N,N'-dimethylpiperazine (triclinic P-1, Z' = 0.5), the cations lie across centres of inversion. The anions alone form chains, and anions and water molecules together form sheets; the sheets are linked by the cations to form a pillared-layer framework.

Adducts of 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane with 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene: continuously interwoven structures in three dimensions.

In the adduct 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane-1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (1/2), C12H12)2*2C20H18O3, the bipyridyl component lies across an inversion centre in P-1. The tris-phenol molecules [systematic name: 4,4',4"-(ethane-1,1,1-triyl)triphenol] are linked by O-H..

Hydrogen-bonded adducts of ferrocene-1,1'-diylbis(diphenylmethanol): a finite cyclic 1:1 adduct with 2,2'-dipyridylamine.

In ferrocene-1,1'-diylbis(diphenylmethanol)-2,2'-dipyridylamine (1/1), [Fe(C18H15O)2]*C10H9N3, (I), there is an intramolecular O-H...

Hydrogen-bonded adducts of ferrocene-1,1'-diylbis(diphenylmethanol): monomeric and polymeric adducts with 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene and 1,6-diaminohexane.

In the adduct ferrocene-1,1'-diylbis(diphenylmethanol)-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (1/1), [Fe(C18H15O)2]*C12H10N2, there is an intramolecular O-H...

Risks of reintroduction of polio after eradication: the vaccine origin of an outbreak of type 3 poliomyelitis.

Sabin live-attenuated strains, which have proved to be the most effective tools for poliovirus eradication, could also be the source of reintroduction of polio epidemics after global eradication of wild poliomyelitis is achieved. There are still considerable gaps in our knowledge about the persistence of vaccine-derived viruses in the population and the mechanisms involved in poliovirus transmissibility, both of which are essential factors in assessing the risks posed by such strains and in designing effective strategies for the cessation of polio immunisation. In this report, we have examined virological and epidemiological aspects of an epidemic of poliomyelitis in 1968 in Poland that was shown to be associated with the use of the USOL-D-bac live-attenuated vaccine strain.

Live-attenuated strains of improved genetic stability.

The current live-attenuated vaccine strains of poliovirus are genetically unstable and capable of rapid evolution in human hosts, resulting in reversion to neurovirulence and, occasionally, disease. They can also be shed by recipients for a considerable time after vaccination. This raises questions about how and when to stop vaccination after wild-type viruses have been eliminated.

Multinuclear NMR Spectroscopic and X-ray Crystallographic Studies of a Series of Mercury(II) Complexes Containing the Bidentate Phosphine Ligand Ph(2)PCH(2)Si(CH(3))(2)CH(2)PPh(2) (L(2)).

The bidentate phosphine ligand Ph(2)PCH(2)Si(CH(3))(2)CH(2)PPh(2) (L(2)), an analogue of 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), coordinates to mercury(II) salts to form complexes of the general formula [HgX(2).L(2)] (X = Cl, Br, I, NCS). Infrared, Raman, and multinuclear ((1)H, (13)C, (31)P, (199)Hg) NMR spectroscopic studies show that the complexes exhibit four-coordinate pseudotetrahedral metal geometry.

First Report of Pepino mosaic virus in Canada and the United States.

During the winter of 2000, tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) with a bright yellow leaf mosaic were observed in a commercial greenhouse in southern Ontario, Canada. Examination of leaf extracts, using leaf dips and immunosorbent absorption electron microscopy (ISEM), showed flexuous rods consistent with the potexvirus group. Polyclonal antibodies raised against the original Peruvian Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) isolate (1) and commercial antibodies obtained from Deutsche Sammlung von Mikro-organismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ), GmbH, Braunsweig, Germany, and Plant Research International (PRI), Wageningen, the Netherlands, were used in ISEM.

First Report of Fusarium Stem and Root Rot of Greenhouse Cucumber Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum in Ontario.

Fusarium stem and root rot on greenhouse long English cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cvs. Bodega and Gardon was observed at four commercial greenhouses in Leamington, Ontario, Canada.

Hydrogen-bonded bilayers in piperazinium(2+) bis(mandelate) bis(methanol) solvate.

In the title compound, C(4)H(12)N(2)(2+).2C(8)H(7)O(3)(-).2CH(4)O, the cations lie across centres of inversion and are disordered over two orientations with equal occupancy; there are equal numbers of (R)- and (S)-mandelate anions present (mandelate is alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetate).

N,N'-Dimethylpiperazinium(2+) phosphonoacetate: hydrogen-bonded anion sheets containing cation-templated R(6)(6)(28) rings.

In the title compound, C(6)H(16)N(2)(2+).2C(2)H(4)O(5)P(-), the cations lie across centres of inversion; in the anions, two of the H-atom sites have 0.50 occupancy.

Sodium 2-nitroethanaloximate forms a layered-framework structure.

In the title compound, [Na(C(2)H(3)N(2)O(3))], the Na(+) cation lies on a centre of inversion in space group P2(1)/m and all the atoms of the anion lie on a mirror plane. Na is octahedrally coordinated by four O and two N atoms from six different anions and each anion is coordinated to six different Na(+) cations, forming chains of confacial octahedra which link the anion layers. Within these layers, the individual anions are linked by both O-H.

Hydrogen-bonded adducts of ferrocene-1,1'-diylbis(diphenylmethanol): monomeric and dimeric 1:1 adducts with 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane and 1,2-diaminoethane.

In ferrocene-1,1'-diylbis(diphenylmethanol)-4,4'-ethylenedipyridine (1/1), [Fe(C(18)H(15)O)(2)].C(12)H(12)N(2), there is an intramolecular O-H..

Integration of bulk and interfacial properties in a polymeric system: rubber elasticity at a polybutadiene/water interface.

Oxidation of the surface of cross-linked 1,4-polybutadiene provided a hydrophilic substrate that reconstructed against hot water to become more hydrophobic. Subsequent equilibration against water at room temperature returned its original hydrophilicity. These temperature-dependent changes in the relative concentrations of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties at the polymer/water interface are interpreted as arising from the entropic influence of chain extension, associated with rubber elasticity.

Ferrocenecarboxylic acid-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (2/1): sheets built from O--H...N and C--H...O hydrogen bonds.

In the title compound, 2[Fe(C5H5)(C6H5O2)].C6H12N2, the molecular components are linked into finite three-component aggregates by strong O-H..

Mu-1,4-benzenedicarboxylato-bis[trans-aqua(1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)nickel(II)] diperchlorate forms a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded framework.

The title compound, [Ni2(C8H4O4)(C10H24N4)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2, contains two independent octahedral Ni(II) centres with trans-NiN4O2 chromophores. The bridging benzenedicarboxylate ligand is bonded to the two Ni atoms, each via one O atom of each carboxylate, while the other O atom participates in an intramolecular N-H..

Hydrated salts of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid with organic diamines: hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structures in two and three dimensions.

The trigonally trisubstituted acid 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid forms hydrated salt-type adducts with organic diamines. In 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.

N-Propionylhydroxylamine forms a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded framework structure.

The title compound, N-hydroxypropanamide, C(3)H(7)NO(2), crystallizes with Z' = 3 in P2(1)/c. The molecules are linked by three N-H.O hydrogen bonds [N.

Salts of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with organic diamines: hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structures in one, two and three dimensions.

The trigonally trisubstituted carboxylic acid 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, (O(2)N)(2)C(6)H(3)COOH, forms 2:1 salts with a range of organic diamines L, with the general composition [LH(2)](2+) x [[(O(2)N)(2)C(6)H(3)COO](-)](2). When L is a bis-tertiary amine the hard N-H..

Hydrogen bonding in C-methylated nitroanilines: the three-dimensional framework structure of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline.

Molecules of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline, C(7)H(8)N(2)O(2), act as double donors and as double acceptors of N--H...

Hydrogen-bonded sheets in the 1:1 salt of tet-b and trimesic acid.

Tet-b (racemic 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane, C(16)H(36)N(4)) and trimesic acid (1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, C(9)H(6)O(6)) form a salt partially solvated by both water and methanol, i.e. 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid--methanol--water (1/1/0.

Enantiomeric disorder in racemic cis-dichlorobis(pentane-2,4-dionato)titanium(IV).

The title compound, [Ti(C(5)H(7)O(2))(2)Cl(2)], adopts the cis configuration. The racemic compound crystallizes in space group P1 and each molecular site has 0.50 occupancy by each of the two enantiomorphs.

Monitoring cerebral perfusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage using CT.

The aim of this prospective study was to assess the feasibility and diagnostic relevance of repetitive dynamic (contrast-enhanced) CT measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT) in the first 3 weeks after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In 15 patients with SAH, 59 dynamic CT studies including 944 regions of interest (ROI) were analyzed. The results were correlated with the clinical course and time after the event and the occurrence of vasospasm.