Trait-based mapping to identify the genetic factors underlying anaerobic germination of rice: Phenotyping, GXE, and QTL mapping.

Background: Anaerobic germination is one of the most important traits for rice under direct-seeded conditions. The trait reduces risk of crop failure due to waterlogged conditions after seeding and allows water to be used as a means of weed control. The identification of QTLs and causal genes for anaerobic germination will facilitate breeding for improved direct-seeded rice varieties.

Deciphering Genetics Underlying Stable Anaerobic Germination in Rice: Phenotyping, QTL Identification, and Interaction Analysis.

Anaerobic germination (AG) is an important trait for direct-seeded rice (DSR) to be successful. Rice usually has low germination under anaerobic conditions, which leads to a poor crop stand in DSR when rain occurs after seeding. The ability of rice to germinate under water reduces the risk of poor crop stand.