Virome assembly reveals draft genomes of native Pseudomonas phages isolated from a paediatric bronchoalveolar lavage sample.

We present lung virome data recovered through shotgun metagenomics in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from an infant with cystic fibrosis, who tested positive for infection. Using a bioinformatic pipeline for virus characterization in shotgun metagenomic data, we identified five viral contigs representing Pseudomonas phages classified as Caudoviricetes.

Bile acids in the lower airways is associated with airway microbiota changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an observational study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disorder with a high degree of interindividual variability. Gastrointestinal dysfunction is common in patients with COPD and has been proposed to influence the clinical progression of the disease. Using the presence of bile acid(s) (BA) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid as a marker of gastric aspiration, we evaluated the relationships between BAs, clinical outcomes and bacterial lung colonisation.

A near-complete genome of the uncultured phage COMBAT-CF_PAR1 isolated from the lungs of an infant with cystic fibrosis.

In cystic fibrosis, bacteria-bacteriophage interaction in the lower airways is poorly understood. We present the near-complete genome of the uncultured Siphovirus-like bacteriophage, phage COMBAT-CF_PAR1, isolated from the lower airways. The genome spans 41,510 bp with 33.

An Analysis of the Gut Microbiota and Related Metabolites following PCSK9 Inhibition in Statin-Treated Patients with Elevated Levels of Lipoprotein(a).

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of global mortality, often associated with high blood levels of LDL cholesterol (LDL-c). Medications like statins and PCSK9 inhibitors, are used to manage LDL-c levels and reduce ASCVD risk. Recent findings connect the gut microbiota and its metabolites to ASCVD development.

Gut microbiota and metabolomics profiles in patients with chronic stable angina and acute coronary syndrome.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The gut microbiota and its associated metabolites may be involved in the development and progression of CVD, although the mechanisms and impact on clinical outcomes are not fully understood. This study investigated the gut microbiome profile and associated metabolites in patients with chronic stable angina (CSA) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) compared with healthy controls.

Insights into the associations between the gut microbiome, its metabolites, and heart failure.

Heart failure (HF) is the end stage of most cardiovascular diseases and remains a significant health problem globally. We aimed to assess whether patients with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45% had alterations in both the gut microbiome profile and production of associated metabolites when compared with a healthy cohort. We also examined the associated inflammatory, metabolomic, and lipidomic profiles of patients with HF.

Gut Microbiome and Associated Metabolites Following Bariatric Surgery and Comparison to Healthy Controls.

The gut microbiome plays a significant role in regulating the host's ability to store fat, which impacts the development of obesity. This observational cohort study recruited obese adult men and women scheduled to undergo sleeve gastrectomy and followed up with them 6 months post-surgery to analyse their microbial taxonomic profiles and associated metabolites in comparison to a healthy control group. There were no significant differences in the gut bacterial diversity between the bariatric patients at baseline and at follow-up or between the bariatric patients and the cohort of healthy controls.

Detection of bile acids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid defines the inflammatory and microbial landscape of the lower airways in infants with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition characterized by neutrophilic inflammation and recurrent infection of the airways. How these processes are initiated and perpetuated in CF remains largely unknown. We have demonstrated a link between the intestinal microbiota-related metabolites bile acids (BA) and inflammation in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from children with stable CF lung disease.

Structural modification of the alkylquinoline cell-cell communication signal, HHQ, leads to benzofuranoquinolines with anti-virulence behaviour in ESKAPE pathogens.

Microbial populations have evolved intricate networks of negotiation and communication through which they can coexist in natural and host ecosystems. The nature of these systems can be complex and they are, for the most part, poorly understood at the polymicrobial level. The Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS) and its precursor 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) are signal molecules produced by the important nosocomial pathogen .

Genome analysis and phenotypic characterization of isolated from a traditional food process with novel quorum quenching and catalase activities.

Traditional food processes can utilize bacteria to promote positive organoleptic qualities and increase shelf life. Wiltshire curing has a vital bacterial component that has not been fully investigated from a microbial perspective. During the investigation of a Wiltshire brine, a culturable novel bacterium of the genus was identified by 16S rRNA gene (MN822133) sequencing and analysis.

The immunotoxicity, but not anti-tumor efficacy, of anti-CD40 and anti-CD137 immunotherapies is dependent on the gut microbiota.

Immune agonist antibodies (IAAs) are promising immunotherapies that target co-stimulatory receptors to induce potent anti-tumor immune responses, particularly when combined with checkpoint inhibitors. Unfortunately, their clinical translation is hampered by serious dose-limiting, immune-mediated toxicities, including high-grade and sometimes fatal liver damage, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and colitis. We show that the immunotoxicity, induced by the IAAs anti-CD40 and anti-CD137, is dependent on the gut microbiota.

Beneficial effects of inorganic nitrate in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic representation of the metabolic disorders. Inorganic nitrate/nitrite can be converted to nitric oxide, regulate glucose metabolism, lower lipid levels, and reduce inflammation, thus raising the hypothesis that inorganic nitrate/nitrite could be beneficial for improving NAFLD. This study assessed the therapeutic effects of chronic dietary nitrate on NAFLD in a mouse model.

Systems Biology and Bile Acid Signalling in Microbiome-Host Interactions in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung.

The study of the respiratory microbiota has revealed that the lungs of healthy and diseased individuals harbour distinct microbial communities. Imbalances in these communities can contribute to the pathogenesis of lung disease. How these imbalances occur and establish is largely unknown.

Bile Acid Signal Molecules Associate Temporally with Respiratory Inflammation and Microbiome Signatures in Clinically Stable Cystic Fibrosis Patients.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a congenital disorder resulting in a multisystemic impairment in ion homeostasis. The subsequent alteration of electrochemical gradients severely compromises the function of the airway epithelia. These functional changes are accompanied by recurrent cycles of inflammation-infection that progressively lead to pulmonary insufficiency.

Exploring the synthetic potential of a marine transaminase including discrimination at a remote stereocentre.

The marine transaminase, P-ω-TA, can be employed for the transamination from 1-aminotetralins and 1-aminoindanes with differentiation of stereochemistry at both the site of reaction and at a remote stereocentre resulting in formation of ketone products with up to 93% ee. While 4-substituents are tolerated on the tetralin core, the presence of 3- or 8-substituents is not tolerated by the transaminase. In general P-ω-TA shows capacity for remote diastereoselectivity, although both the stereoselectivity and efficiency are dependent on the specific substrate structure.

Draft Genome Sequences of Three Pseudomonas fluorescens Strains Isolated from Marine Sponges Harvested off the West Coast of Ireland.

Three sp. strains isolated from marine sponges have shown potential quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) activity. We sequenced the draft genomes of the three strains with the goal of determining which genes or gene cluster(s) could be potentially involved in the QSI activity.

The Detection of Bile Acids in the Lungs of Paediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients Is Associated with Altered Inflammatory Patterns.

: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disorder in which persistent unresolved inflammation and recurrent airway infections play major roles in the initiation and progression of the disease. Little is known about triggering factors modulating the transition to chronic microbial infection and inflammation particularly in young children. Cystic fibrosis respiratory disease starts early in life, with the detection of inflammatory markers and infection evident even before respiratory symptoms arise.

Microbiome and Functional Analysis of a Traditional Food Process: Isolation of a Novel Species () With Industrial Potential.

Traditional food preservation processes are vital for the food industry. They not only preserve a high-quality protein and nutrient source but can also provide important value-added organoleptic properties. The Wiltshire process is a traditional food curing method applied to meat, and special recognition is given to the maintenance of a live rich microflora within the curing brine.

A structure-function analysis of interspecies antagonism by the 2-heptyl-4-alkyl-quinolone signal molecule from .

In recent years, the alkyl-quinolone molecular framework has already provided a rich source of bioactivity for the development of novel anti-infective compounds. Based on the quorum-sensing signalling molecules 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (PQS) from the nosocomial pathogen , modifications have been developed with markedly enhanced anti-biofilm bioactivity towards important fungal and bacterial pathogens, including and . Here we show that antibacterial activity of HHQ against is species-specific and it requires an exquisite level of structural fidelity within the alkyl-quinolone molecular framework.

Quorum Sensing Signaling Alters Virulence Potential and Population Dynamics in Complex Microbiome-Host Interactomes.

Despite the discovery of the first -acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) based quorum sensing (QS) in the marine environment, relatively little is known about the abundance, nature and diversity of AHL QS systems in this diverse ecosystem. Establishing the prevalence and diversity of AHL QS systems and how they may influence population dynamics within the marine ecosystem, may give a greater insight into the evolution of AHLs as signaling molecules in this important and largely unexplored niche. Microbiome profiling of and BD1268 sponge samples identified several potential QS active genera.

Exposure to Bile Leads to the Emergence of Adaptive Signaling Variants in the Opportunistic Pathogen .

The chronic colonization of the respiratory tract by the opportunistic pathogen is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. has been shown to undergo extensive genomic adaptation facilitating its persistence within the CF lung allowing it to evade the host immune response and outcompete co-colonizing residents of the lung microbiota. However, whilst several studies have described the various mutations that frequently arise in clinical isolates of , the environmental factors governing the emergence of these genetic variants is less well characterized.

The gut microbiome and cardiovascular disease: current knowledge and clinical potential.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The human body is populated by a diverse community of microbes, dominated by bacteria, but also including viruses and fungi. The largest and most complex of these communities is located in the gastrointestinal system and, with its associated genome, is known as the gut microbiome.

The Microbiome of an Active Meat Curing Brine.

Traditional food products are important to our culture and heritage, and to the continued success of the food industry. Many of the production processes associated with these products have not been subjected to an in-depth microbial compositional analysis. The traditional process of curing meat, both preserves a natural protein source, as well as increasing its organoleptic qualities.

Genome Sequence of sp. JM45, a Bacterial Strain Isolated from a Marine Sponge with a Dual Quorum Sensing Inhibition Activity.

The draft genome sequence of sp. strain JM45, isolated from a marine sponge harvested off the west coast of Ireland, is reported here. Quorum sensing and quorum sensing inhibition activities have been reported recently for this bacterium, and genomic analysis supports its potential use for novel therapeutic development.