The intraspecific variability of mitochondrial genes of Agaricus bisporus reveals an extensive group I intron mobility combined with low nucleotide substitution rates.

Intraspecific mitochondrial variability was studied in ten strains of A. bisporus var. bisporus, in a strain representative of A.

The first set of expressed sequence tags (EST) from the medicinal mushroom Agaricus subrufescens delivers resource for gene discovery and marker development.

Agaricus subrufescens is one of the most important culinary-medicinal cultivable mushrooms with potentially high-added-value products and extended agronomical valorization. The development of A. subrufescens-related technologies is hampered by, among others, the lack of suitable molecular tools.

Diversity of Mycoplasma hominis clinical isolates from Bordeaux, France, as assessed by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis.

Background: Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic human mycoplasma species that can cause various urogenital infections and, less frequently, extragenital infections. The objective of this work was to study the genetic diversity of this species using a molecular typing method based on multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA).

Results: The genome content of M.

A molecular contribution to the assessment of the Tricholoma equestre species complex.

In recent years, interest in the Tricholoma equestre species complex has increased because of several cases of severe and sometimes fatal rhabdomyolysis reported in France and Poland. These occurred after repeated consumption of large portions of T. equestre sporophores during consecutive meals, despite the fact that this species is renowned as a tasty edible wild mushroom.

The 135 kbp mitochondrial genome of Agaricus bisporus is the largest known eukaryotic reservoir of group I introns and plasmid-related sequences.

At 135,005 nt, the mitochondrial genome in Agaricus bisporus represents the largest fungal mitochondrial genome sequenced to date. Its large size is mainly due to the presence of mobile genetic elements, including a total of 43 group I introns, three group II introns, and five DNA fragments that show sequence similarity to linear invertron-like plasmids. The introns are distributed in eight of the 15 protein coding genes.

Agaricus subrufescens: A review.

Medicinal mushrooms have currently become a hot issue due to their various therapeutic properties. Of these, Agaricus subrufescens, also known as the "almond mushroom", has long been valued by many societies (i.e.

Potential role of Mycoplasma hominis in interleukin (IL)-17-producing CD4+ T-cell generation via induction of IL-23 secretion by human dendritic cells.

Background: Mycoplasma hominis, a human urogenital pathogen, is involved in genital and extragenital infections and arthritis, particularly in immunocompromised patients. The interleukin (IL) 23/T helper (Th) 17 axis is associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the IL-23 response to M.

The Agaricus bisporus cox1 gene: the longest mitochondrial gene and the largest reservoir of mitochondrial group i introns.

In eukaryotes, introns are located in nuclear and organelle genes from several kingdoms. Large introns (up to 5 kbp) are frequent in mitochondrial genomes of plant and fungi but scarce in Metazoa, even if these organisms are grouped with fungi among the Opisthokonts. Mitochondrial introns are classified in two groups (I and II) according to their RNA secondary structure involved in the intron self-splicing mechanism.

Performance of the COX1 gene as a marker for the study of metabolically active Pezizomycotina and Agaricomycetes fungal communities from the analysis of soil RNA.

In temperate forest soils, filamentous ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi affiliated to the Agaricomycetes and Pezizomycotina contribute to key biological processes. The diversity of soil fungal communities is usually estimated by studying molecular markers such as nuclear ribosomal gene regions amplified from soil-extracted DNA. However, this approach only reveals the presence of the corresponding genomic DNA in the soil sample and may not reflect the diversity of the metabolically active species.

Development of a real-time PCR targeting the yidC gene for the detection of Mycoplasma hominis and comparison with quantitative culture.

Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic human mycoplasma species that can be either commensal or pathogenic. Its detection by culture is considered to comprise the reference technique. Previously reported PCR techniques target the 16S rRNA or the gap gene, although sequence variations among clinical isolates may lead to variations in clinical sensitivity.

The Agrocybe aegerita mitochondrial genome contains two inverted repeats of the nad4 gene arisen by duplication on both sides of a linear plasmid integration site.

The Agrocybe aegerita mitochondrial genome possesses two polB genes with linear plasmid origin. The cloning and sequencing of the regions flanking Aa-polB P1 revealed two large inverted repeats (higher than 2421 nt) separated by a single copy region of 5834 nt. Both repeats contain identical copies of the nad4 gene.

Unusual accumulation of polymorphic microsatellite loci in a specific region of the mitochondrial genome of two mushroom-forming Agrocybe species.

The cob/tRNA(Tyr) mitochondrial regions of Agrocybe aegerita and of the related species Agrocybe chaxingu display an unusual clustering of four microsatellite loci constituted by motifs of one to six nucleotides whose number of repeats varied from three to 18. In A. chaxingu, these microsatellite loci are followed by a small region bearing one additional microsatelite and one minisatellite locus constituted by an octanucleotide motif repeated 13-18 times.

A CAPS test allowing a rapid distinction of Penicillium expansum among fungal species collected on grape berries, inferred from the sequence and secondary structure of the mitochondrial SSU-rRNA.

Penicillium expansum is a fungal species highly damageable for the postharvest conservation of numerous fruits. In vineyards, this fungus is sometimes isolated from grape berries where its presence may lead to the production of geosmin, a powerful earthy odorant, which can impair grapes and wines aromas. However, the discrimination of P.

The mitochondrial apocytochrome b genes of two Agrocybe species suggest lateral transfers of group I homing introns among phylogenetically distant fungi.

The Agrocybe chaxingu and Agrocybe aegerita mitochondrial apocytochrome b coding sequences are highly similar (97% of nt identity), but have highly different sizes (2312 and 4867nt, respectively), due to the presence of three large group IB introns: two (iAae1 and iAae2) in A. aegerita, one (iAch1) in A. chaxingu.