Prenylated flavonoids from inhibit mushroom tyrosinase activity and modulate melanogenesis in murine melanoma cells and zebrafish.

, a traditional Chinese medicine for treating conditions associated with abnormal skin pigmentation, contains flavonoids with inhibitory effects on tyrosinase. However, their mechanisms of action and their modulatory effects on melanogenesis remain unclear. Herein, a group of prenylated flavonoids was identified from extracts and their inhibitory activities on mushroom tyrosinase were evaluated.

Non-invasive imaging techniques for early diagnosis of bilateral cardiac dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension: current crests, future peaks.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and progressive disease that eventually leads to heart failure (HF) and subsequent fatality if left untreated. Right ventricular (RV) function has proven prognostic values in patients with a variety of heart diseases including PAH. PAH is predominantly a right heart disease; however, given the nature of the continuous circulatory system and the presence of shared septum and pericardial constraints, the interdependence of the right and left ventricles is a factor that requires consideration.

Randomized Trial of Macitentan/Tadalafil Single-Tablet Combination Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Background: Endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5i) combination therapy is recommended for low-/intermediate-risk pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients. A fixed-dose combination of the ERA macitentan and PDE5i tadalafil (M/T FDC) in a once-daily, single tablet would simplify treatment.

Objectives: The multicenter, double-blind, adaptive phase 3 A DUE study investigated the efficacy and safety of M/T FDC vs macitentan 10 mg and vs tadalafil 40 mg monotherapies in PAH patients, including treatment-naïve and prior ERA or PDE5i monotherapy-treated patients.

A sham-controlled randomised trial of pulmonary artery denervation for Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension: one-year outcomes of the PADN-CFDA trial.

Background: Long-term clinical outcomes after pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) in patients with Group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have not been reported.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the effect of PADN on 1-year outcomes in patients with PAH.

Methods: In the multicentre PADN-CFDA trial, 128 patients with Group 1 PAH were randomly assigned to PADN plus a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (PDE-5i) versus a sham PADN procedure plus a PDE-5i.

Maresin-1 protects against pulmonary arterial hypertension by improving mitochondrial homeostasis through ALXR/HSP90α axis.

Aims: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and lethal disease characterized by continuous proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMCs) and increased pulmonary vascular remodeling. Maresin-1 (MaR1) is a member of pro-resolving lipid mediators and exhibits protective effects on various inflammation-related diseases. Here we aimed to study the role of MaR1 in the development and progression of PAH and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Treatment effects of pulmonary artery denervation for pulmonary arterial hypertension stratified by REVEAL risk score: Results from PADN-CFDA trial.

Background: The differential treatment effect of pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients with different risk burdens remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of PADN in low vs intermediate-high-risk PAH patients.

Methods: In total, 128 patients with treatment naive PAH included in the PADN-CFDA trial were categorized into low-risk and intermediate-high-risk patients.

Pulmonary Artery Denervation for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Sham-Controlled Randomized PADN-CFDA Trial.

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) group 1 pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, debilitating disease. Previous observational studies have demonstrated that pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) reduces pulmonary artery pressures in PAH. However, the safety and effectiveness of PADN have not been established in a randomized trial.

Chemical Constituents With Antiproliferative Activity From (Blanco) Benth.

Two new patchoulene sesquiterpenoid glycosides (), a natural patchoulane-type sesquiterpenoid () and a natural cadinene-type sesquiterpenoid (), were isolated from the aerial parts of (Blanco) Benth., together with eleven known sesquiterpenoids (-) and eleven known flavonoids (-). Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, including NMR, HRESIMS, IR, and CD spectroscopic data analysis, as well as chemical hydrolysis.

Validation and promise of a TCR mimic antibody for cancer immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Monoclonal antibodies are at the vanguard of the most promising cancer treatments. Whereas traditional therapeutic antibodies have been limited to extracellular antigens, T cell receptor mimic (TCRm) antibodies can target intracellular antigens presented by cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. TCRm antibodies can therefore target a repertoire of otherwise undruggable cancer antigens.

Long-term mortality after pulmonary artery denervation stratified by baseline functional class in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: Long-term mortality after PADN stratified by functional class.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the long-term effects of pulmonary artery denervation (PADN) on mortality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

Methods And Results: Between March 2012 and March 2018, a total of 120 patients with PAH, who underwent PADN treatment and were prospectively followed up, were analysed. Patients were classified into World Health Organization (WHO) Functional Class I and II (FC 1-2; n=46) and Functional Class III and IV (FC 3-4; n=74) according to their FC prior to PADN.

An Effective Protocol for Management of International Arrivals at Risk in COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience From the Pre-Hospital Covid-19 Response Teams at Xi'an, China.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak within China has been well controlled and stabilized since early April 2020. Therefore, the current major focus in China is to prevent the introduction of COVID into China from international arrivals. To achieve this, pre-Hospital COVID-19 Response Teams (pHCRTs) have been established.

Sanguinarine Reverses Pulmonary Vascular Remolding of Hypoxia-Induced PH Survivin/HIF1α-Attenuating Kv Channels.

Similarities in the biology of pulmonary hypertension and cancer suggest that anticancer therapies, such as sanguinarine, may also be effective in treating pulmonary hypertension. This, along with underlying biochemical pathways, is investigated in this study. Rats were subjected to 4-week hypoxia (or control) with or without sanguinarine treatment.

LncRNA TUG1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA to mediate CTGF expression by sponging miR-133b in myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction.

Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is one of the basic causes of many cardiovascular diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), have been reported to play an indispensable role in MF. The current work is focused on investigating the biological role of lncRNA taurine upregulation gene 1 (TUG1) in activating cardiac myofibroblasts as well as the underlying mechanism.

Clinical features and survival in Takayasu's arteritis-associated pulmonary hypertension: a nationwide study.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and long-term survival outcome in patients with Takayasu's arteritis-associated pulmonary hypertension (TA-PH).

Methods And Results: We conducted a nationally representative cohort study of TA-PH using data from the National Rare Diseases Registry System of China. Patients with pulmonary artery involvement who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Takayasu's arteritis and pulmonary hypertension were included.

Effect of different initial anticoagulant strategies on short-term outcome of patients with symptomatic DVT in China.

Purpose: In ambulant patients with lower limb DVT managed with Warfarin, there is a need for initial treatment and short time "bridging" with a rapidly acting anticoagulant until there is a stable therapeutic INR. In this study, results from bridging with subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or oral Rivaroxaban were compared.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-four patients received LMWH and 98 patients received Rivaroxaban, both in addition to Warfarin.

MicroRNA-483 amelioration of experimental pulmonary hypertension.

Endothelial dysfunction is critically involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and that exogenously administered microRNA may be of therapeutic benefit. Lower levels of miR-483 were found in serum from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), particularly those with more severe disease. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses showed that miR-483 targets several PAH-related genes, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), TGF-β receptor 2 (TGFBR2), β-catenin, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and endothelin-1 (ET-1).

Beraprost Upregulates KV Channel Expression and Function via EP4 Receptor in Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells Obtained from Rats with Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension.

The reduced expression and function of voltage-dependent potassium (KV) channels have been involved in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH), leading to pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, while the upregulation of KV channels is of therapeutic significance for pulmonary hypertension. Beraprost sodium (BPS) has been shown to be effective in patients with pulmonary hypertension. However, the effect of BPS on O2-sensitive KV channels in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) remains unclear.

Mechanism of Beraprost Effects on Pulmonary Hypertension: Contribution of Cross-Binding to PGE2 Receptor 4 and Modulation of O Sensitive Voltage-Gated K Channels.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate mechanism(s) by which the orally active PGI2 analog, Beraprost (BPS), ameliorates pulmonary hypertension (PH). Prostaglandins are an important treatment for PH. Mechanisms of their action are not fully elucidated in relation to receptor subtype and effects on O sensitive Kv channels.

Sarpogrelate attenuates pulmonary arterial hypertension via calcium/calcineurin axis.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a syndrome caused by restricted blood flow in the pulmonary circulation, which results in a poor patient prognosis. The serotonin (5-HT), TRPC1 (Transient receptor potencial channel 1), TRPC6 (Transient receptor potencial channel 6), calcineurin A, and NFATc3 (an isoform of nuclear factor of activated T-cells family) are involved in cell proliferation and hypertrophy and the crosstalk between these molecules may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. We hypothesized that 5-HT promotes PAH by affecting TRPC channels.

5-HT promotes pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation through the TRPC channel.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is caused by an imbalance of pulmonary vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Pulmonary arteriolar remodeling is a primary pathological change and proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) is an important pathological basis for pulmonary arteriolar remodeling. Vasoactive substances, such as 5-HT, may play a role in proliferation of PASMC via unknown mechanisms.

The relationship between maternal anxiety and cortisol during pregnancy and birth weight of chinese neonates.

Background: To determine the relationship between maternal anxiety and cortisol values and birth weight at various stages of pregnancy.

Methods: Two hundred sixteen pregnant Chinese women were assessed for anxiety and depression and had measurement of morning fasting serum cortisol. Women were assessed either in the first (71), second (72) or third (73) trimester.

Rivaroxaban in the Treatment of PICC-associated Upper Extremity Venous Thrombosis.

Purpose: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are frequently used for prolonged drug administration, but their use is commonly complicated by the development of upper extremity deep venous thrombosis (UEDVT) requiring anticoagulation. Here, we compared the efficacy and safety profile of rivaroxaban (20 mg/d) with low molecular weight (LMW) heparin and vitamin K antagonists in the treatment of PICC-associated UEDVT.

Methods: Patients (N = 84) with PICC-associated UEDVT were studied.

Resistin may be an independent predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis formale smokers.

To investigate whether resistin is associated with early atherosclerosis in male smokers. The present study consecutively enrolled 50 male smokers. Their serum resistin contents were detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and subclinical atherosclerosis indices, including carotid inner middle thickness (IMT) and arterial elasticity indices (C1 and C2), were measured.

Plasma Macrophage Migration Inhibitor Factor Is Elevated in Response to Myocardial Ischemia.

Background: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a key regulator of inflammatory responses, including in the heart. Plasma MIF is elevated early in the course of acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we hypothesized that plasma MIF may also be increased in acute myocardial ischemia.