Effects of Mn-Depleted Zone Formation on Acicular Ferrite Transformation in Weld Metals under High Heat Input Welding.

In this present work, during high heat input welding of the weld metal, different types of Mn-depleted zones were achieved by different cooling rates. The effects of cooling rates on Mn-depleted zone formation and acicular ferrite (AF) transformation were analyzed. The Mn-depleted zone around the inclusions, as well as the interface concentration of Mn atoms, are found to be significantly different with different cooling rates.

The Challenges of Enrollment and Retention: A Systematic Review of Psychosocial Behavioral Interventions for Patients With Cancer and Their Family Caregivers.

Context: Psychosocial behavioral interventions (PBIs) that target patients with cancer and their caregivers face challenges in participant enrollment and retention.

Objectives: 1) Describe characteristics of the patient-caregiver PBI studies; 2) examine participant enrollment and retention rates; 3) identify factors influencing participant enrollment and retention rates; and 4) explore the strategies to promote enrollment and retention rates.

Methods: We identified randomized controlled trials that tested PBIs among adult patients with cancer and caregivers in five electronic databases.

Cardiovascular disease, risk factors, and health behaviors among cancer survivors and spouses: A MEPS Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalences of CVD, CVD risk factors. and health behaviors among cancer survivor-spouse dyads, assess how these prevalences differ by role (survivor vs spouse) and gender, and report congruences in health behaviors between survivors and their spouses.

Methods: We identified 1026 survivor-spouse dyads from the 2010-2015 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

The Axolotl Fibula as a Model for the Induction of Regeneration across Large Segment Defects in Long Bones of the Extremities.

We tested the ability of the axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) fibula to regenerate across segment defects of different size in the absence of intervention or after implant of a unique 8-braid pig small intestine submucosa (SIS) scaffold, with or without incorporated growth factor combinations or tissue protein extract. Fractures and defects of 10% and 20% of the total limb length regenerated well without any intervention, but 40% and 50% defects failed to regenerate after either simple removal of bone or implanting SIS scaffold alone. By contrast, scaffold soaked in the growth factor combination BMP-4/HGF or in protein extract of intact limb tissue promoted partial or extensive induction of cartilage and bone across 50% segment defects in 30%-33% of cases.

Proteomic analysis of fibroblastema formation in regenerating hind limbs of Xenopus laevis froglets and comparison to axolotl.

Background: To gain insight into what differences might restrict the capacity for limb regeneration in Xenopus froglets, we used High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)/double mass spectrometry to characterize protein expression during fibroblastema formation in the amputated froglet hindlimb, and compared the results to those obtained previously for blastema formation in the axolotl limb.

Results: Comparison of the Xenopus fibroblastema and axolotl blastema revealed several similarities and significant differences in proteomic profiles. The most significant similarity was the strong parallel down regulation of muscle proteins and enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism.

Effects of resolvin D1 on cell survival and cytokine expression of human gingival fibroblasts.

Background: Tissue breakdown in periodontitis is initiated by bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, and is caused largely by host responses. Resolvins protect the host against acute inflammation by blocking the migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils to initiate resolution. The effects of resolvins on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are unknown.

Cell cycle regulation and regeneration.

Regeneration of ear punch holes in the MRL mouse and amputated limbs of the axolotl show a number of similarities. A large proportion of the fibroblasts of the uninjured MRL mouse ear are arrested in G2 of the cell cycle, and enter nerve-dependent mitosis after injury to form a ring-shaped blastema that regenerates the ear tissue. Multiple cell types contribute to the establishment of the regeneration blastema of the urodele limb by dedifferentiation, and there is substantial reason to believe that the cells of this early blastema are also arrested in G2, and enter mitosis under the influence of nerve-dependent factors supplied by the apical epidermal cap.

Suture compression induced bone resorption with intensified MMP-1 and 13 expressions.

Unlabelled: Suture compression is a widely used approach to inhibit maxillary growth; however, biological responses in sutures to compressive force are still unclear. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and osteoclast activities during the midpalatal suture compression.

Methods: 56 six-week old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control and compression groups.

Effects of Calendula officinalis on human gingival fibroblasts.

Background: Calendula officinalis is commonly called the marigold. It is a staple topical remedy in homeopathic medicine. It is rich in quercetin, carotenoids, lutein, lycopene, rutin, ubiquinone, xanthophylls, and other anti-oxidants.

Effects of alendronate on human osteoblast-like MG63 cells and matrix metalloproteinases.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of alendronate on the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the expression of the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) from human osteoblast-like MG63 cells.

Materials And Methods: MG63 cells were exposed to various concentrations of alendronate. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were evaluated by water-soluble tetrazolium-1 and lactate dehydrogenase, respectively.

Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Objective: Epidemiological studies have reported that tobacco use is a major etiological factor for oral cancer. Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been shown to play important roles in the invasion and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinomas, especially MMP-2 and MMP-9. This study examined the effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on oral cancer cells.

Network based transcription factor analysis of regenerating axolotl limbs.

Background: Studies on amphibian limb regeneration began in the early 1700's but we still do not completely understand the cellular and molecular events of this unique process. Understanding a complex biological process such as limb regeneration is more complicated than the knowledge of the individual genes or proteins involved. Here we followed a systems biology approach in an effort to construct the networks and pathways of protein interactions involved in formation of the accumulation blastema in regenerating axolotl limbs.

Amphibians as research models for regenerative medicine.

The ability to regenerate bone across a critical size defect would be a marked clinical advance over current methods for dealing with such structural gaps. Here, we briefly review the development of limb bones and the mandible, the regeneration of urodele limbs after amputation, and present evidence that urodele and anuran amphibians represent a valuable research model for the study of segment defect regeneration in both limb bones and mandible.

Effects of cigarette smoke condensate and nicotine on human gingival fibroblast-mediated collagen degradation.

Background: Members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family have been shown to be involved in periodontal disease. Risk factors for periodontal disease include tobacco smoking. Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) is comprised of thousands of chemicals.

Matrix metalloproteinase expression during blastema formation in regeneration-competent versus regeneration-deficient amphibian limbs.

We used an antibody array to compare the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -10, and -13, as well as the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-1, -2, and -4 during blastema formation in amputated hindlimbs of regeneration-competent wild-type axolotls and stage-54 Xenopus, and regeneration-deficient short-toes axolotls and Xenopus froglets. Expression of MMP-9 and -2 was also compared by zymography. Both short-toes and froglet failed to up-regulate MMPs in a pattern comparable to the wild-type axolotl, suggesting that subnormal histolysis is at least in part responsible for the poor blastema formation characteristic of both short-toes and froglet.

Ginsenoside Rb1 and paeoniflorin inhibit transient receptor potential vanilloid-1-activated IL-8 and PGE₂ production in a human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT.

Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) and paeoniflorin (PF) are active substances of Chinese traditional herbs and have been commonly used to treat skin inflammation diseases, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. In the present study, the effects of GRb1 and PF on the production of inflammatory mediators and the possible mechanisms of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) in these mediators induction were explored. It has been shown that GRb1 and PF inhibited the productions of IL-8 and PGE₂ induced by capsaicin (CAP) in HaCaT cells and HEK 293T-TRPV1 cells (which were transgenic and overexpressed TRPV1) but had no effect on HEK 293T mock cells (p<0.

Proteomic analysis of blastema formation in regenerating axolotl limbs.

Background: Following amputation, urodele salamander limbs reprogram somatic cells to form a blastema that self-organizes into the missing limb parts to restore the structure and function of the limb. To help understand the molecular basis of blastema formation, we used quantitative label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods to analyze changes in the proteome that occurred 1, 4 and 7 days post amputation (dpa) through the mid-tibia/fibula of axolotl hind limbs.

Results: We identified 309 unique proteins with significant fold change relative to controls (0 dpa), representing 10 biological process categories: (1) signaling, (2) Ca2+ binding and translocation, (3) transcription, (4) translation, (5) cytoskeleton, (6) extracellular matrix (ECM), (7) metabolism, (8) cell protection, (9) degradation, and (10) cell cycle.

Effects of provisional acrylic resins on gingival fibroblast cytokine/growth factor expression.

Statement Of Problem: Several studies have reported that polymerized resin materials may release agents into surrounding tissues. These agents could alter cytokine/growth factor expression.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects that provisional acrylic resins have on cell toxicity and the expression of cytokines/growth factors from human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

An evaluation of DNA yield, DNA quality and bite registration from a dental impression wafer.

Background: The authors determined the amount and quality of the DNA captured by a bite impression wafer and analyzed any inaccuracies in the impression wafer.

Methods: The authors made bite registrations for subjects aged 7 to 12 years by using a dental impression wafer (Toothprints, Kerr, Orange, Calif.), obtained an oral rinse sample, took cheek cells by using buccal swabs and made an alginate impression to pour a stone model.

Matrix metalloproteinase dependent and independent collagen degradation.

Cleavage of the fibrillar collagens occurs during physiological conditions, as well as pathological conditions. The resistance of the fibrillar collagens to degradation is due to their rigid and compact structures. There are only a limited number of proteinases that have the capability to initiate the cleavage of the fibrillar collagens.