TFEB regulates dendritic cell antigen presentation to modulate immune balance in asthma.

Objective: Asthma stands as one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory conditions in children, with its pathogenesis tied to the actived antigen presentation by dendritic cells (DCs) and the imbalance within T cell subgroups. This study seeks to investigate the role of the transcription factor EB (TFEB) in modulating the antigen presentation process of DCs and its impact on the differentiation of T cell subgroups.

Methods: Bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) were activated using house dust mites (HDM) and underwent RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to pinpoint differentially expressed genes.

Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4-mediated mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism and dendritic cell antigen presentation.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the role of Acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) in mediating mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism and dendritic cell (DC) antigen presentation in the immune response associated with asthma.

Methods: RNA sequencing was employed to identify key genes associated with mitochondrial function and fatty acid metabolism in DCs. ELISA was employed to assess the levels of fatty acid metabolism in DCs.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in children.

Background: Pediatric bronchiectasis is a common respiratory disease in children. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for its treatment remains controversial.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of thoracoscopic surgery and thoracotomy in the treatment of pediatric bronchiectasis and summarize the surgical treatment experience of VATS in children with bronchiectasis.

Significance of Pyroptosis in Immunoregulation and Prognosis of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Evidence from RNA-Seq of Alveolar Macrophages.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the role of pyroptosis in alveolar macrophages regarding the immune microenvironment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and its prognosis.

Methods: ARDS Microarray data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) models were applied to identify hub pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) with prognostic significance in ARDS.

hucMSC Conditioned Medium Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Nrf2/NF-B Signaling Pathway.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common clinical syndrome in the cardiac intensive care unit with a high mortality rate. Inflammation and oxidative stress have been reported to play a crucial role in the development of ALI. Previous studies have shown that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in various diseases.

Blockade of GITRL/GITR signaling pathway attenuates house dust mite-induced allergic asthma in mice through inhibition of MAPKs and NF-κB signaling.

GITRL/GITR signaling pathway plays an important role in allergy, inflammation, transplantation and autoimmunity. However, its role in asthma remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate changes in this pathway and observe the therapeutic effect of its blocking on asthma.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane vesicles ameliorates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the balance of regulatory T cells and Th17 cells through Tim-3 and TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Objective: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper (Th) 17 cells are two subsets of CD4 + T cells with opposite effects which play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of lung injury. In this study, we aim to investigate the protective effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) preconditioning on lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and potential mechanisms.

Methods: Pathogen-free C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: control, Control + OMVs, I/R and I/R + OMVs groups.

GITRL on dendritic cells aggravates house dust mite-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness by modulating CD4 T cell differentiation.

Background: Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related protein ligand (GITRL) plays an important role in tumors, autoimmunity and inflammation. However, GITRL is not known to modulate the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. In this study, we investigated whether regulating GITRL expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) can prevent asthma and to elucidate its mechanism of action.

Occult foreign body aspirations in pediatric patients: 20-years of experience.

Background: The purpose of our study was to assess the frequency of occult foreign body aspiration (FBA) and to evaluate the diagnostic difficulties and therapeutic methods for these patients.

Methods: Between May 2000 and May 2020, 3557 patients with the diagnosis of FBA were treated in our department. Thirty-five patients with occult FBA were included in this study.

Low-Dose LPS Induces Tolerogenic Treg Skewing in Asthma.

The mechanism(s) underlying endotoxin tolerance in asthma remain elusive. As the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects the expression of the regulatory T-cell (Treg)-suppressive glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor ligand (GITRL) on antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs), we hypothesized that LPS-induced changes in DC GITRL expression may impact Treg-mediated T-helper (Th) cell suppression and the induction of endotoxin tolerance. Here, we propose a novel mechanism by which low-dose LPS inhalation in neonatal mice induces endotoxin tolerance, thereby offering protection from later asthma development.

Correction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived exosomes ameliorates allergic reactions via inducing the T response in asthma.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Risk of hand-foot skin reaction associated with vascular endothelial growth factor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A meta-analysis of 57 randomized controlled trials involving 24,956 patients.

Background: Multiple randomized controlled trials have assessed hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) caused by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKIs).

Objective: We performed a meta-analysis to determine the incidence and the relative risk (RR) of HFSR associated with these agents.

Methods: Databases were searched for relevant studies.

Brg1 aggravates airway inflammation in asthma via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is thought to be closely associated with airway inflammation and is regulated by various upstream proteins. Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) plays an important role in chromatin remodeling and facilitates recruitment of essential transcription factors, leading to regulation of gene expression. Thus, the present study aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory role of Brg1 on house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma through regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa-derived exosomes ameliorates allergic reactions via inducing the T response in asthma.

Background: Exosomes are nanovesicles originating from multivesicular bodies that have complex functions and significant therapeutic effects in many diseases. In the present study, we successfully extracted exosomes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and assessed the effect of those exosomes on the development of the allergic response in two types of classic asthma models.

Methods: Female BALB/c mice were administrated with P.

Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Alleviates Asthma in Mice by Regulating Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 Balance.

BACKGROUND It is generally believed that endotoxin exposure exacerbates risk of developing asthmatic symptoms. However, recent studies have indicated that prior bacterial exposure may prevent future symptoms of asthma. Here, we evaluated the influence of pre-exposure to different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to subsequent ovalbumin (OVA) allergen sensitization and challenge.

LPS Exposure in Early Life Protects Against Mucus Hypersecretion in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma by Down-Regulation of the IL-13 and JAK-STAT6 Pathways.

Background/aims: Previous studies have shown that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure may have a protective effect on asthma by reducing airway hyper-responsiveness, airway inflammation and serum IgE levels. However, there are few studies investigating the effect of LPS on mucous secretion in asthma. In this study, we evaluate the relationship between LPS pre-treatment in infant mice and airway mucus hypersecretion in an OVA (ovalbumin)-induced asthma model, and further explore the mechanisms behind this effect.

Correction to: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium attenuates renal fibrosis by reducing inflammation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

The original article [1] contains an error whereby the corresponding authorship is mistakenly designated to the author Fengxia Ding.

[Brahma-related gene 1 promotes airway mucus hypersecretion via STAT6 in asthmatic mice].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) on mucus hypersecretion in the airway of asthmatic mice and explore the mechanism.

Methods: Female C57bl/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomized into wild-type control group, wild-type asthma group, Brg1 group with Brg1 gene knockdown in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells, and Brg1+ asthma group (=10). The mice in asthma group and Brg1+asthma group were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish asthmatic models.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium attenuates renal fibrosis by reducing inflammation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Background: Renal fibrosis is characterized by infiltration of interstitial inflammatory cells and release of inflammatory mediators, activation and proliferation of fibroblasts, and deposition of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hucMSC) conditioned medium (CM) on renal tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis.

Methods: Renal interstitial fibrosis was prepared in vivo using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).

BHX, a novel pyrazoline derivative, inhibits breast cancer cell invasion by reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and down-regulating Wnt/β-catenin signalling.

The novel pyrazoline derivative, BHX, has recently been shown to exhibit potent anti-tumour activity by blocking the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. However, its effect on breast cancer growth and invasion are unknown. Our results show that BHX suppresses MDA-MB-231 cell viability and colony formation in a dose-dependent manner, and induces apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest.

Brg1 inhibits E-cadherin expression in lung epithelial cells and disrupts epithelial integrity.

Unlabelled: Brahma-related gene-1 (Brg1), a key chromatin remodeling factor, is associated with cell proliferation and migration in kidney and heart cells, but few reports have examined its role in airway epithelial cell. Airway epithelial injury, which is involved in the entire pathological process of asthma, is an important cause of recurrent asthma. Here, we studied the function of Brg1 in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model (lung-specific conditional Brg1 (Brg1) knockdown mice) and human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells stably expressing Brg1 shRNA.

Risk of venous and arterial thromboembolic events associated with VEGFR-TKIs: a meta-analysis.

The reported incidence of arterial and venous thromboembolic events varies markedly between VEGFR-TKI-related clinical trials. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the incidence and the relative risk (RR) of venous thromboembolism events (VTEs) and arterial thromboembolic events (ATEs) associated with these agents. Databases (PubMed, Web of Science) were searched for relevant studies.

Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium attenuate interstitial fibrosis and stimulate the repair of tubular epithelial cells in an irreversible model of unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Aim: The growing number of patients suffering from chronic renal disease (CKD) is a challenge for the development of innovative therapies. Researchers have studied the therapeutic effects of cell therapy in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the therapeutic effect of conditional medium (CM) in the CKD models have been rarely reported.

BHX Inhibits the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Suppressing β-catenin Transcription in the Nucleus.

BHX (N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3,4-triphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide), a Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor, effectively inhibits tumor cell growth, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Thus, we aim to investigate the effects and associated mechanism of BHX action on A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. In our study, MTT(3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) and xenograft model assay indicated that cell growth was inhibited by BHX at a range of concentrations in vitro and in vivo.