Background: Limited studies explored the relationship between lymphocyte recovery after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCCRT) and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: ESCC patients with obtainable absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) at 6 months after dCCRT were screened from prospective trials. Patients were divided into groups according to the grade of ALC nadir during radiotherapy (G4 or G1-3) and lymphocyte recovery status, which was assessed by lymphocyte recovery index (LRI), calculated as the ratio of post- to pre-treatment lymphocyte counts.
Background: This study aimed to explore the relationship between irradiation of lymphocyte-related organs at risk (LOARs) and lymphopenia during definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (dCCRT) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Materials And Methods: Cases of ESCC patients who received dCCRT from 2 prospective clinical trials were identified. To find its correlation with survival outcomes, grades of absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) nadir during radiotherapy were recorded following COX analysis.
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The prognoses for patients with the same stage of EC can vary substantially. The progress of single-cell analysis technology has furthered the understanding of tumor heterogeneity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPSCC) is distinct from tobacco- or alcohol-associated OPSCC and has a unique immune landscape. Studies have supported the heterogeneity of T cells, accompanied by a broad repertoire of T-cell responses, within tumors driven by HPV infection. However, the phenotype and function of these HPV-related T cells remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Esophageal cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor. The incidence of cervical esophageal cancer is low and there are insufficient data on the efficacy of radical radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to clarify the efficacy with radical IFI radiotherapy, to analyze the pattern of initial lymph node metastasis and recurrence under the new lymph node zoning of esophageal cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To determine the optimal threshold of examined lymph node (ELN) number from cervical lymph node dissection for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Further to compare the prognostic value of multiple lymph node classification systems and to determine the most suitable scheme to predict survival.
Methods: A total of 20991 HNSCC patients were included.
Background: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a systemic inflammatory response characterized by the overexpression of inflammatory genes. Controlling CRS is essential for improving the therapeutic effects of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered T cells. However, current treatment options are limited given the complexity of cytokine interactions so it is important to seek a mild strategy with broad-spectrum inhibition to overcome this challenge.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatitis C virus (HCV)-host cell interaction during infection disturbs cellular homeostasis and culminates in pathological consequences. The processes could be first embodied in gene expression of HCV-infected cells. Here, we investigated transcriptome and miRNA expression (miRNome) alterations in HCV-infected Huh7 cells at 12, 36, and 60 h after infection to systematically explore host responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Compared with Occident's data, the incidence of Human papillomavirus (HPV)-driven oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) had been reported as relatively low in Mainland China. The objective of this study was to report the integrated prevalence of HPV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and further evaluate the different behaviors of HPV-positive and -negative OPSCCs in eastern China.
Methods: In a cohort of 170 nonmetastatic OPSCCs treated from January 2007 to July 2019, p16 protein expression, HPV genotypes, and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER) were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH).
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), an activator of the c‑Met signaling pathway, is involved in tumor invasiveness, metastasis and radiotherapy resistance. In the present study, a novel HGF regulatory pathway in lung cancer involving micro-RNAs (miRNAs/miR) is described. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analyses demonstrated that HGF was upregulated and associated with miR‑200a downregulation in non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples compared with normal lung tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRAD51, a multifunctional protein, plays a central role in DNA replication and homologous recombination repair, and is known to be involved in cancer development. We identified a novel role for RAD51 in innate immune response signaling. Defects in RAD51 lead to the accumulation of self-DNA in the cytoplasm, triggering a STING-mediated innate immune response after replication stress and DNA damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFaithful and complete genome replication in human cells is essential for preventing the accumulation of cancer-promoting mutations. WRN, the protein defective in Werner syndrome, plays critical roles in preventing replication stress, chromosome instability, and tumorigenesis. Herein, we report that ATR-mediated WRN phosphorylation is needed for DNA replication and repair upon replication stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFanconi Anemia (FA) is a cancer predisposition syndrome and the factors defective in FA are involved in DNA replication, DNA damage repair and tumor suppression. Here, we show that FANCD2 is critical for genome stability maintenance in response to high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation. We found that FANCD2 is monoubiquitinated and recruited to the sites of clustered DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) specifically in S/G2 cells after high-LET radiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWRN, the protein defective in Werner syndrome (WS), is a multifunctional nuclease involved in DNA damage repair, replication, and genome stability maintenance. It was assumed that the nuclease activities of WRN were critical for these functions. Here, we report a nonenzymatic role for WRN in preserving nascent DNA strands following replication stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Both epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that heterozygosity for a single gene is linked with tumorigenesis and heterozygosity for two genes increases the risk of tumor incidence. Our previous work has demonstrated that Atm/Brca1 double heterozygosity leads to higher cell transformation rate than single heterozygosity. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In recent years data from both mouse models and human tumors suggest that loss of one allele of genes involved in DNA repair pathways may play a central role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. Additionally several examples in mouse models confirmed that loss of one allele of two functionally related genes may have an additive effect on tumor development. To understand some of the mechanisms involved, we examined the role of monoallelic loss or Atm and Brca1 on cell transformation and apoptosis induced by radiation.
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