Carrier dynamic identification enables wavelength and intensity sensitivity in perovskite photodetectors.

Deciphering the composite information within a light field through a single photodetector, without optical and mechanical structures, is challenging. The difficulty lies in extracting multi-dimensional optical information from a single dimension of photocurrent. Emerging photodetectors based on information reconstruction have potential, yet they only extract information contained in the photoresponse current amplitude (responsivity matrix), neglecting the hidden information in response edges driven by carrier dynamics.

Two-Terminal Perovskite Optoelectronic Synapse for Rapid Trained Neuromorphic Computation with High Accuracy.

Emerging neural morphological vision sensors inspired by biological systems that integrate image perception, memory, and information computing are expected to transform the landscape of machine vision and artificial intelligence. However, stable and reconfigurable light-induced synaptic behavior always relies on independent gateport modulation. Despite its potential, the limitations of uncontrollable defects and ionic characteristics have led to simpler, smaller, and more integration-friendly two-terminal devices being used as sidelines.

Pyroelectric-Accelerated Perovskite Photodetector for Picosecond Light Detection and Ranging.

Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is indispensable in applications such as unmanned aerial vehicles, autonomous driving, and biomimetic robots. However, the precision and available distance of LiDAR are constrained by the speed and sensitivity of the photodetector, necessitating the use of expensive and energy-consuming avalanche diodes. To address these challenges, in this study, a pyroelectricity-based acceleration strategy with 2D-(graded 3D) perovskite heterojunction is proposed to achieve a record high speed (27.

Frequency-selective perovskite photodetector for anti-interference optical communications.

Free-space coupling, essential for various communication applications, often faces significant signal loss and interference from ambient light. Traditional methods rely on integrating complex optical and electronic systems, leading to bulkier and costlier communication equipment. Here, we show an asymmetric 2D-3D-2D perovskite structure device to achieve a frequency-selective photoresponse in a single device.

Performance Improvement of Lead-Based Halide Perovskites through B-Site Ion-Doping Strategies.

Owing to their excellent properties, lead halide perovskites have attracted extensive attention in the photoelectric field. Presently, the certified power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has reached 25.7%, the specific detectivity of perovskite photodetectors has exceeded 10 Jones, and the external quantum efficiency of perovskite-based light-emitting diode has exceeded 26%.

Phase-Transition-Cycle-Induced Recrystallization of FAPbI3 Film in An Open Environment Toward Excellent Photodetectors with High Reproducibility.

Perovskite is an attractive building block for future optoelectronic applications. However, the strict fabrication conditions of perovskite devices impede the transformation of lab techniques into commercial applications. Here, a facile annealing-free posttreatment is proposed to reconstruct the perovskite film to obtain high-performance photodetectors with an optimized production rate.

A Single-Dot Perovskite Spectrometer.

There are significant applications for miniature on-chip spectrometers in many fields. However, at present, on-chip spectrometers have to utilize an integrated strategy to achieve spectral analysis, which undoubtedly squanders the photosensitive area and adds pressure to the miniaturization of the spectrometer. Here, a unique spectrometer design that adopts a single detection point with in situ modulation realized by the photogain control at various bias voltages is demonstrated.

Atomic Sn-enabled high-utilization, large-capacity, and long-life Na anode.

Constructing robust nucleation sites with an ultrafine size in a confined environment is essential toward simultaneously achieving superior utilization, high capacity, and long-term durability in Na metal-based energy storage, yet remains largely unexplored. Here, we report a previously unexplored design of spatially confined atomic Sn in hollow carbon spheres for homogeneous nucleation and dendrite-free growth. The designed architecture maximizes Sn utilization, prevents agglomeration, mitigates volume variation, and allows complete alloying-dealloying with high-affinity Sn as persistent nucleation sites, contrary to conventional spatially exposed large-size ones without dealloying.

Ethylamine Iodide Additive Enables Solid-to-Solid Transformed Highly Oriented Perovskite for Excellent Photodetectors.

Perovskite has been widely applied in the optoelectronic field due to its strong light absorption and high carrier mobility. Maintaining high crystallization is critical to fabricate high-performance perovskite devices, where many methods have been reported, such as the use of additives in precursor solutions. However, there are few reports for the working mechanism of these additives.

Polypyrrole Serving as Multifunctional Surface Modifier for Photoanode Enables Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation.

Conjugated polymer polypyrrole (PPy) with high electrical conductivity and excellent photothermal effect has been adopted as multifunctional surface modifier on ternary metal sulfide (CdIn S , CIS) photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for the first time. As a p-type conducting polymer, PPy forms p-n junction with n-type CIS to relieve the bulk carrier recombination. Besides, the incorporation of Ni ions into PPy matrix further enhances the surface charge carrier transfer at photoanode/electrolyte interfaces.

Multidimensional perovskite solar cells.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive attention, and their certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) has reached 25.5%. However, the instability of the high-efficiency 3-dimensional (3D) perovskite against ambient conditions (moisture, light and thermal) and the existing defects severely limit its practical applications and commercialization.

2D Ruddlesden-Popper Perovskite with Ordered Phase Distribution for High-Performance Self-Powered Photodetectors.

2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites exhibit great potential in optoelectronic devices for superior stability compared with their 3D counterparts. However, to achieve a high level of device performance, it is crucial but challenging to regulate the phase distribution of 2D perovskites to facilitate charge carrier transfer. Herein, using a solvent additive method (adding a small amount of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)) combined with a hot-casting process, the phase distribution of (PEA) MA Pb I (PEA  = C H CH CH NH , MA  = CH NH ) perovskite can be well controlled and the Fermi level of perovskites along the film thickness direction can achieve gradient distribution.

Embedding of Ti C T Nanocrystals in MAPbI Microwires for Improved Responsivity and Detectivity of Photodetector.

Organic-inorganic hybrid MAPbI microwires show unique optoelectronic properties for high performances of photodetectors (PDs). However, the defects-assisted nonradiative recombination is harmful for carrier transport, which limits the performances improvement of MAPbI microwires PDs. Traditional organic passivation agents effectively combine the surface defects of microwires and also reduce the mobility of overall film based on the perovskite microwires.

Moisture-Triggered Self-Healing Flexible Perovskite Photodetectors with Excellent Mechanical Stability.

Flexible devices are urgently required to meet the demands of next-generation optoelectronic devices and metal halide perovskites are proven to be suitable materials for realizing flexible photovoltaic devices. However, the tolerance to moisture corrosion and repeated mechanical bending remains a critical challenge for flexible perovskite devices. Herein, a self-healing formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI ) film is fabricated to cure mechanical damage by absorbing moisture from the surrounding environment.

Intermediate-Adduct-Assisted Growth of Stable CsPbI Br Inorganic Perovskite Films for High-Efficiency Semitransparent Solar Cells.

Thanks to the tunable bandgap and excellent photoelectric characteristics, perovskites have been widely used in semitransparent solar cells (ST-SCs). Most works present unsatisfactory power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) through reducing the thickness of the perovskite films because there is a trade-off between PCE and average visible transmittance (AVT). As a consequence, most PCEs are less than 12% when the AVT is higher than 20% due to the limited voltage (V ) and short-circuit current (J ).

Designing a Transparent CdIn S /In S Bulk-Heterojunction Photoanode Integrated with a Perovskite Solar Cell for Unbiased Water Splitting.

The integration of photoelectrochemical photoanodes and solar cells to build an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion system provides a promising way to solve the energy crisis. The key point is to develop highly transparent photoanodes, while its bulk separation efficiency (η ) and surface injection efficiency are as high as possible. To resolve this contradiction, first a novel CdIn S /In S bulk heterojunctions in the interior of nanosheets is designed as a photoanode with high transparency and an ultrahigh η up to 90%.

Nested Inverse Opal Perovskite toward Superior Flexible and Self-Powered Photodetection Performance.

Flexible and self-powered perovskite photodetectors have attracted tremendous research interests due to their applications in wearable and portable devices. However, the conventional planar structured photodetectors are always accompanied with limited device performance and undesired mechanical stability. Herein, a nested inverse opal (NIO) structured perovskite photodetector via a facile template-assisted spin-coating method is reported.

Observing Defect Passivation of the Grain Boundary with 2-Aminoterephthalic Acid for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with their exceptional properties, show promise as photoelectric converters. However, defects in the perovskite layer, particularly at the grain boundaries (GBs), seriously restrict the performance and stability of PSCs. Now, a simple post-treatment procedure involves applying 2-aminoterephthalic acid to the perovskite to produce efficient and stable PSCs.

Doping-Induced Amorphization, Vacancy, and Gradient Energy Band in SnS Nanosheet Arrays for Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising strategy to convert solar energy into hydrogen fuel. However, the poor bulk charge-separation ability and slow surface oxygen evolution reaction (OER) dynamics of photoelectrodes impede the performance. We construct In- and Zn/In-doped SnS nanosheet arrays through a hydrothermal method.

New Insights into the Electron-Collection Efficiency Improvement of CdS-Sensitized TiO Nanorod Photoelectrodes by Interfacial Seed-Layer Mediation.

Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanorods (NRs) are widely used as photoanodes in photoelectrochemical (PEC) solar fuel production because of their remarkable photoactivity and stability. In addition, TiO NR electrode materials can be decorated with active CdS quantum dots (QDs) to expand the sunlight photon capture. The overall photoelectric conversion efficiency for TiO NR or QD-sensitized TiO NR electrode materials in PEC is typically dominated by their interfacial electron transfer (ET) properties.

Gradient Energy Band Driven High-Performance Self-Powered Perovskite/CdS Photodetector.

Self-powered photodetectors are highly desired to meet the great demand in applications of sensing, communication, and imaging. Manipulating the carrier separation and recombination is critical to achieve high performance. In this paper, a self-powered photodetector based on the integrated gradient O-doped CdS nanorod array and perovskite is presented.

Structural Engineering of Si/TiO/P3HT Heterojunction Photodetectors for a Tunable Response Range.

To meet the demands of next-generation optoelectronic circuits, the design and construction of photodetectors with a tunable photoresponse range and self-powered feature are urgently required. To achieve selective wavelength detection, a band-pass filter is usually required to dislodge the interference of a certain wavelength light, which inevitably enhances the weight and increases the cost. Here, we demonstrate a self-powered photodetector with a tunable response range by constructing a heterojunction structure consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), a TiO interlayer, and silicon nanowires.

Simultaneous Manipulation of O-Doping and Metal Vacancy in Atomically Thin Zn In S Nanosheet Arrays toward Improved Photoelectrochemical Performance.

The facile hydrothermal synthesis of Zn In S atomically thin nanosheet arrays on fluorine-doped tin oxide glass (FTO) substrates is presented. Through controlling heat treatment in air, O-doping and Zn, S vacancies were simultaneously introduced in Zn In S nanosheets with adjusted phase, morphology, chemical compositions, and energy level distribution. The surface defect states are passivated by depositing ultrathin Al O film by atomic layer deposition technology.

Boosting PEC performance of Si photoelectrodes by coupling bifunctional CuCo hybrid oxide cocatalysts.

Silicon (Si) is an attractive candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting because of its small band gap, fast carrier mobility and abundant reserves. However, the PEC performance has been severely limited by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen/hydrogen evolution reaction at the Si photoelectrode/electrolyte interface and poor stability in the aqueous environment. Herein, the bifunctional CuCo hybrid oxides (CuCo-HO) cocatalysts have been integrated with ultrathin TiO decorated n-type and p-type Si nanowires (NWs) to simultaneously improve the photoactivity and stability of Si photoelectrodes.

Ultrahigh-Performance Self-Powered Flexible Double-Twisted Fibrous Broadband Perovskite Photodetector.

Self-powered flexible photodetectors without an external power source can meet the demands of next-generation portable and wearable nanodevices; however, the performance is far from satisfactory becuase of the limited match of flexible substrates and light-sensitive materials with proper energy levels. Herein, a novel self-powered flexible fiber-shaped photodetector based on double-twisted perovskite-TiO -carbon fiber and CuO-Cu O-Cu wire is designed and fabricated. The device shows an ultrahigh detectivity of 2.