p16INK4a Deletion Alleviated Obesity-Associated Kidney Fibrosis by Regulating Metabolic Reprogramming and the Inflammasome Pathway.

Recent research has revealed a close association between obesity and various metabolic disorders, including renal metabolic diseases, but the mechanism is still unknown. This study explored the role of p16INK4a in obesity-related kidney fibrosis and evaluated its potential as a therapeutic target. Using wild-type (WT) mice and p16 KO mice, we fed both groups a high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 months.

Comparison of Effects of Iron and Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Hematological and Growth Indicators among Older Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Context: Middle childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood are characterized by high nutritional demands and vulnerability to anemia. Limited efforts have been made to synthesize the evidence comparing the effects of iron and multiple micronutrient (MMN) supplementation in these populations.

Objective: In this study we sought to examine the effects of iron and MMN on anemia and anthropometric variables among people aged 5 to 24 years in low- and middle-income countries.

Correlation Between Fecal Microbiota and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: an Exploratory Study.

Corticosteroids (CSs) are the initial therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP); however, their efficacy is not adequately predicted. As a novel biomarker, the composition of the gut microbiota is non-invasively tested and altered in patients with ITP. This study aims to develop a predictive model that leverages gut microbiome data to predict the CS response in patients with ITP within the initial four weeks of treatment.

Twisted optical needle array sourced by a circular hyperbolic umbilic beam.

In this Letter, we propose an ultralong twisted optical needle array, derived from a circular hyperbolic umbilic beam (CHUB) array. When propagating within a parabolic potential, the CHUBs periodically focus on optical needles. By extending the Heisenberg equation from quantum mechanics to optics, we theoretically demonstrate that introducing a linear chirp phase and offset modulation causes the optical needles to propagate along spiral trajectories.

Baicalin reduced vandetanib induced myocardial injury by regulating redox balance and NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

Baicalin has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic effects on various cardiovascular conditions, including drug-induced cardiac injury. In this study, we utilized a murine model to explore the protective role of baicalin against cardiac dysfunction induced by vandetanib. Our findings indicate that baicalin administration effectively ameliorated vandetanib-induced cardiac injury.

Sandwiched dual seed sources master oscillator power amplifier quantum cascade lasers.

To facilitate the development of compact multi-wavelengths lasers, we reported the experimental demonstration of dual seed sources master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) QCLs. The devices were based on a sandwich configuration consisting of dual seed sources and a central power amplifier. Emission spectrum of devices was modulated by switching seed sources.

Deep imaging of LepR stromal cells in optically cleared murine bone hemisections.

Tissue clearing combined with high-resolution confocal imaging is a cutting-edge approach for dissecting the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of tissues and deciphering cellular spatial interactions under physiological and pathological conditions. Deciphering the spatial interaction of leptin receptor-expressing (LepR) stromal cells with other compartments in the bone marrow is crucial for a deeper understanding of the stem cell niche and the skeletal tissue. In this study, we introduce an optimized protocol for the 3D analysis of skeletal tissues, enabling the visualization of hematopoietic and stromal cells, especially LepR stromal cells, within optically cleared bone hemisections.

Progesterone regulates gut microbiota mediating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell injury in immune thrombocytopenia patients during pregnancy.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia during pregnancy (PITP) is the most common cause of platelet reduction in early and mid-pregnancy. However, the pathogenesis of PITP is still unclear.

Objectives: To determine the characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in PITP patients and to explore the associations between metabolites, the gut microbiota, and BM-MSCs in PITP.

Suppression of TRIM72-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress facilitates FOXM1 promotion of diabetic ulcer healing.

Foot ulcers are amongst the most prevalent complications of diabetes, known for their delayed healing process. Recent research indicates that the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) plays a role in promoting diabetic ulcer repair. However, the precise mechanisms underlying FOXM1 functions in this context remain unclear.

Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis participates in the development of cutaneous fibrosis in an experimental systemic sclerosis model.

Objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc), a chronic autoimmune disorder, characterised by local inflammation and progressive fibrosis. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been established as a key mediator in fibrotic processes across multiple organs, primarily through binding to its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). However, the precise role of the TWEAK/Fn14 signalling in SSc pathogenesis remains unclear.

Outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation versus intensive chemotherapy in patients with myeloid sarcoma: a nationwide representative multicenter study.

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare hematological neoplasm with poor prognosis, posing a significant clinical challenge due to the absence of effective and standardized treatments. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 162 MS patients treated at 12 centers to compare outcomes between intensive chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Our analysis revealed that allo-HSCT demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) within the initial 36 months compared to intensive chemotherapy alone (p = 0.

Exploring the Key Pathogenesis and Potential Intervention Targets of Sulforaphane in Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis Based on Bioinformatics.

Introduction: The objective was to use bioinformatics to analyze the potential key genes involved in the mechanism of sulforaphane's protective effects in  sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) and to identify potential intervention targets.

Methods: Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) gene chip datasets containing gene expression profiles from kidney tissues of SA-AKI patients and normal controls were selected. Upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R.

Association of white matter hyperintensities with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration.

Background: The relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and the core features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains controversial. Further, due to the prevalence of co-pathologies, the precise role of WMH in cognition and neurodegeneration also remains uncertain.

Methods: Herein, we analyzed 1803 participants with available WMH volume data, extracted from the ADNI database, including 756 cognitively normal controls, 783 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 264 patients with dementia.

Adenohypophysis-Inducible Sex Hormones Correlate with Interleukin-6, -8, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Adenohypophysis-inducible sex hormones include prolactin (PRL), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). These hormones influence the occurrence of lupus erythematosus by affecting the endocrine and immune systems. The present study analyzed the relationship between serum sex hormones and several cytokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

A prediction model of dementia conversion for mild cognitive impairment by combining plasma pTau181 and structural imaging features.

Aims: The early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are no longer insurmountable. Therefore, identifying at-risk individuals is of great importance for precise treatment. We developed a model to predict cognitive deterioration in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

MASS cohort: Multicenter, longitudinal, and prospective study of the role of microbiome in severe pneumonia and host susceptibility.

The MASS cohort comprises 2000 ICU patients with severe pneumonia, covering community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, sourced from 19 hospitals across 10 cities in three provinces. A wide array of samples including bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, sputum, feces, and whole blood are longitudinally collected throughout patients' ICU stays. The cohort study seeks to uncover the dynamics of lung and gut microbiomes and their associations with severe pneumonia and host susceptibility, integrating deep metagenomics and transcriptomics with detailed clinical data.

Comparison of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, SGLT-2 Inhibitors, and DPP-4 Inhibitors as an Add-On Drug to Insulin Combined With Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs: Umbrella Review.

The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes with poor efficacy of basic insulin and metformin/sulfonylurea by umbrella review. Forming the data of publication of each database through 13 September 2022, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were surveyed. A total of seven meta-analyses were included in the umbrella review.

A novel approach to managing facility airborne diseases: suppressing air pathogens with smoke aerosols generated from fungicide phase transition.

Background: Environmental microorganisms are major contributors to the development and spread of disease. Chemical disinfection can inhibit pathogens and play a preventive role against diseases. In agriculture, prolonging the floating time of chemical pesticides in the air has a positive effect on the control of airborne diseases.

Acquired immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) associated with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine CoronaVac.

Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has affected the whole world. Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) has been reported after administration of mRNA- or adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccines, including Ad26.COV2-S, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1 nCov-19.

Efficacy and dose-response relationships of antidepressants in the acute treatment of major depressive disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: The optimal antidepressant dosages remain controversial. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of antidepressants and characterize their dose-response relationships in the treatments of major depressive disorders (MDD).

Methods: We searched multiple databases, including the Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Web of Science, for the studies that were conducted between January 8, 2016, and April 30, 2023.

High-power electrically pumped terahertz topological laser based on a surface metallic Dirac-vortex cavity.

Topological lasers (TLs) have attracted widespread attention due to their mode robustness against perturbations or defects. Among them, electrically pumped TLs have gained extensive research interest due to their advantages of compact size and easy integration. Nevertheless, limited studies on electrically pumped TLs have been reported in the terahertz (THz) and telecom wavelength ranges with relatively low output powers, causing a wide gap between practical applications.