Coupling relationship and development patterns of agricultural emission reduction, carbon sequestration, and food security.

In-depth exploration of the coupling relationship between agricultural emission reduction and carbon sequestration (ERCS) and food security provides an important basis for promoting sustainable low-carbon development in agriculture. This research investigates the coupling mechanisms and the current state of coordinated development of agricultural ERCS and food security using provincial panel data from 2001 to 2022 in China. The agricultural ERCS level shows an upward trend, with higher levels in the north and lower in the south; externalities are positive in the north but negative in the south.

Molecular Triplet Generation Enabled by Adjacent Metal Nanoparticles.

High-efficiency generation of spin-triplet states in organic molecules is of great interest in diverse areas such as photocatalysis, photodynamic therapy, and upconversion photonics. Recent studies have introduced colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals as a new class of photosensitizers that can efficiently transfer their photoexcitation energy to molecular triplets. Here, we demonstrate that metallic Ag nanoparticles can also assist in the generation of molecular triplets in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), but not through a conventional sensitization mechanism.

Study on the Performance of Asphalt Modified with Bio-Oil, SBS and the Crumb Rubber Particle Size Ratio.

To enhance the properties of SBS and crumb rubber-modified asphalts, four different amounts (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of castor oil were added to crumb rubber-modified asphalts to mitigate the adverse effects of high levels of fine crumb rubber particles on the aging resistance of SBS and crumb rubber-modified asphalt. Initially, a conventional test was conducted to assess the preliminary effects of bio-oil on the high-temperature and anti-aging properties of SBS and crumb rubber-modified asphalt. Subsequently, dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer tests were employed to evaluate the impact of bio-oil on the high- and low-temperature and anti-fatigue properties of SBS and crumb rubber-modified asphalt.

Underwater dynamic polarization imaging without dependence on the background region.

Active-polarization imaging holds significant promise for achieving clear underwater vision. However, only static targets were considered in previous studies, and a background region was required for image restoration. To address these issues, this study proposes an underwater dynamic polarization imaging method based on image pyramid decomposition and reconstruction.

Correlating the Photovoltaic Performance and Stability of the All-Small-Molecule Organic Solar Cells to Their Intermixed Phases Determined by Concentration-Dependent Ultraviolet-Visible Absorption Spectroscopy.

In addition to the donor-acceptor nano phases, the intermixed phase within the organic blends is crucial for the photovoltaic performance and stability of the bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs). Here, the intermixed phase of a representative M-PhS:BTP-eC9 all-small-molecule organic solar cell was investigated by a concentration-dependent ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy method, where a shift of the absorption maximum wavelength was measured for the acceptor component with the increase of the acceptor concentration. The blend ratios of the acceptor to the donor in the intermixed phase, corresponding to the critical concentration for the formation of the acceptor nanophase (), were determined to be 0.

Development of the Colorimetric and/or Fluorescent Probes for Detecting Fluoride ions in Aqueous Solution.

Fluoride ion is a strong Lewis base and one of the essential trace elements in human body. It plays a very important role in human health and ecological balance. The deficiency or excessive intake of fluoride ions will cause serious health problems, so the development of a sensitive and accurate detection method for fluoride ions is very important.

Underwater active polarization descattering based on a single polarized image.

Active polarization imaging techniques have tremendous potential for a variety of underwater applications. However, multiple polarization images as input are necessary for almost all methods, thereby limiting the range of applicable scenarios. In this paper, via taking full advantage of the polarization feature of target reflective light, the cross-polarized backscatter image is reconstructed via introducing an exponential function for the first time, only based on mapping relations of co-polarized image.

Tunable Aggregation-induced Emission and Emission Colors of Imidazolium and Pyridinium Based Hydrazones.

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials have drawn great attention for their wide applications as optical materials. The applications of AIE materials, however, are restricted by the complicated syntheses, hydrophobic properties and short emission wavelengths. Herein, an imidazolium based hydrazone (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine hydrochloride (1) and a pyridinium based hydrazone (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazine hydrochloride (2) have been synthesized.

Influence mechanism of the particle size on underwater active polarization imaging of reflective targets.

Underwater active polarization imaging is a promising imaging method, however, it is ineffective in some scenarios. In this work, the influence of the particle size from isotropic (Rayleigh regime) to forward-scattering on polarization imaging is investigated by both Monte Carlo simulation and quantitative experiments. The results show the non-monotonic law of imaging contrast with the particle size of scatterers.

Visibility enhancement of underwater images based on polarization common-mode rejection of a highly polarized target signal.

Underwater active polarization imaging is promising due to its effect of significantly descattering. Polarization-difference is commonly used to filter out backscattered noise. However, the polarization common-mode rejection of target signal has rarely been utilized.

Measurement and analysis of the longitudinal level irregularity of the track beam in monorail tour-transit systems.

Notable effects on the vertical dynamic response of vehicle-bridge systems are introduced by longitudinal level irregularity (LLI). However, in monorail systems, the measured data and associated spectrum of the LLI, i.e.

Use of additives in composting informed by experience from agriculture: Effects of nitrogen fertilizer synergists on gaseous nitrogen emissions and corresponding genes (amoA and nirS).

The effects of two nitrogen fertilizer synergists (urease inhibitor, UI; nitrification inhibitor, NI) on NH and NO emissions and the successions of the amoA and nirS genes during composting were assessed. Results showed that the UI and UI + NI treatments reduced NH emissions by 26.3% and 24.

Composting pig manure and sawdust with urease inhibitor: succession of nitrogen functional genes and bacterial community.

Understanding the relationship between nitrogen (N) cycle and N transformation-related functional genes is crucial to reduce N loss during composting process. Urease inhibitor (UI) is widely used to reduce N loss in agriculture. However, the effects of UI on N transformation and related N functional genes during composting have not been well investigated.

Association of diabetic nephropathy with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of the severity of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 322 patients with T2DM participated in this cross-sectional study. OSAHS was diagnosed according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and it was categorized as follows: normal, mild, moderate, and severe.

A novel probe based on rhodamine 101 spirolactam and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzothiazole moieties for three-in-one detection of paramagnetic Cu, Co and Ni.

A novel probe based on rhodamine 101 spirolactam and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzothiazole moieties (probe 1) was developed as a three-in-one platform for detection of paramagnetic Cu, Co and Ni through different processes. Ratiometric changes in emission intensities at 565 nm and 460 nm for 1 (λ = 350 nm) were observed in presence of Co, Cu and Ni respectively. This probe displayed ratiometric colorimetric responses and 'turn-on' fluorescence responses (λ = 540 nm) toward Cu and Co.

Related Risk Factors between Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis and Diabetic Retinopathy in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical features and related risk factors in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and subclinical atherosclerosis, the micro- and macro-vascular diseases in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A retrospective study of 435 cases of inpatients with newly diagnosed T2DM from 2013-2017, and compare the 2 types of T2DM related vascular complications.

Results: The macro- and microvascular complications are not rare at this stage.

Modulation of Signaling Pathway by in High Glucose-Induced SHSY-5Y Cells.

(growth factor receptor-bound protein 10)-interacting protein 1 () can modulate insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor () signaling pathway, which plays an important role in regulating diabetes-associated cognitive impairment, by linking to adapter. However, it remains unclear whether endogenous expression is associated with the development of diabetes-related cognitive impairment. In this study, we measured the expression level of , , phosphorylated , phosphorylated serine/threonine protein kinase/protein kinase B ()/, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase ()/ in human neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells.

Early Assessment of the Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy Can Reduce the Risk of Peripheral Arterial and Cardiovascular Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes.

Backgrounds: There is still a lack of consensus about how to assess the risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Aims: We investigated the risk factors for DR and their association with PAD and CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: A total of 1,421 patients diagnosed with T2D participated in this study.

A near-Infrared Fluorescent Chemodosimeter for Ratiometric Detecting Fluoride Based on Desilylation Reaction.

A new chemodosimeter based on dicyanomethylene-4H-chromene chromophore (probe 1) was developed as a ratiometric fluorescent probe in near-infrared range for F(-) with good selectivity in acetonitrile. Probe 1 could be used to directly visualize F(-) by the naked eye and showed more than 621-fold fluorescence enhancement at 715 nm upon reaction with F(-) upon excitation at 625 nm. The recognition of probe 1 to fluoride was featured by F(-)-induced red-shifts of both absorption (185 nm) and fluorescence peaks (132 nm) based on internal charge transfer (ICT) in acetonitrile.

A dansyl-rhodamine ratiometric fluorescent probe for Hg2+ based on FRET mechanism.

Based on resonance energy transfer (FRET) from dansyl to rhodamine 101, a new fluorescent probe (compound 1) containing rhodamine 101 and a dansyl unit was synthesized for detecting Hg(2+) through ratiometric sensing in DMSO aqueous solutions. This probe shows a fast, reversible and selective response toward Hg(2+) in a wide pH range. Hg(2+) induced ring-opening reactions of the spirolactam rhodamine moiety of 1, leading to the formation of fluorescent derivatives that can serve as the FRET acceptors.

A Novel Ratiometric Fluorescent Mercury Probe Based on Deprotonation-ICT Mechanism.

A new NBD-rhodamine dye (1) was developed as a colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for Hg(2+) with good selectivity in aqueous ethanol solutions under neutral to basic conditions. Sensor 1 showed absorption at 468 nm and a weak emission at 529 nm (ϕ F  = 0.063) in ethanol/aqueous tris buffer (9:1, v/v) of pH 9.

A novel colorimetric and fluorescent "off-on" chemosensor for Cu2+ based on a rhodamine derivative bearing naphthyridine group.

A new rhodamine-based derivative bearing a naphthyridine group (compound 1) was synthesized as a colorimetric and fluorescent "off-on" chemosensor for Cu(2+) in aqueous solutions. The sensing behaviors of 1 toward various metal ions in neutral aqueous solutions were investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Compound 1 is found to exhibit a significant increase in absorbance at 561 nm and an amplified fluorescence at 590 nm toward Cu(2+) in a selective, sensitive and rapid manner.

Excited-state absorption in a terpyridyl platinum(II) pentynyl complex.

The singlet excited-state lifetime of a terpyridyl platinum(II) pentynyl complex was determined to be 268+/-87 ps by fitting femtosecond transient absorption data, the triplet excited-state lifetime was found to be 62 ns by fitting nanosecond transient absorption decay data, and the triplet quantum yield was measured to be 0.16. A ground-state absorption cross section of 2.

Two-photon absorption and degenerate four-wave mixing studies of sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles in polymeric solutions.

The two-photon absorption coefficients (beta) and the third-order nonlinear susceptibilities (chi(3)) of several semiconductor nanoparticles (CdS, Cd(x)Ag(1-x)S, and core-shell CdS/Ag2S) that are confined and stabilized by random and block ionomers have been measured by nonlinear transmission and degenerate four-wave mixing techniques using 21 picosecond laser pulses at near-infrared spectral region. The imaginary part of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility that is related to the two-photon absorption coefficient was then calculated. The absorptive nonlinearity of the nanoparticles (2 approximately 9 nm) was found to be dependent on the particle size, composition and wavelength, i.

A fulleropyrrolidine end-capped platinum-acetylide triad: the mechanism of photoinduced charge transfer in organometallic photovoltaic cells.

The fullerene end-capped platinum acetylide donor-acceptor triad Pt(2)ThC(60) was synthesized and characterized by using photophysical methods and photovoltaic device testing. The triad consists of the platinum acetylide oligomer Ph-[triple bond, length as m-dash]-Pt(PBu3)2-[triple bond, length as m-dash]-Th-[triple bond, length as m-dash]-Pt(PBu3)2-[triple bond, length as m-dash]-Ph (Ph=phenyl and Th=2,5-thienyl, stereochemistry at both Pt centers is trans) that contains fulleropyrrolidine moieties on each of the terminal phenylene units. Electrochemistry of the triad reveals relatively low potential oxidation and reduction waves corresponding, respectively, to oxidation of the platinum acetylide and reduction of the fulleropyrrolidine units.