Hexavalent chromium induced metabolic reprogramming, carcinogenesis and tumor progression through PDK1 upregulation.

Lung cancer is the leading factor of cancer-related death in the worldwide. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a potential carcinogen for inducing lung cancers. To understand new mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced tumorigenesis and cancer development, we identified that PDK1 expression levels were greatly increased in chromium-transformed cells (Cr-T) compared to the parental BEAS-2B (B2B) cells by proteomic profiling and Western blotting; PDK1 levels were also induced in lung cancer cell lines and in lung samples of mice exposed to Cr(VI).

CIB2 mediates acquired gefitinib resistance by inducing ZEB1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

EGFR-TKIs have been used as frontline treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) suffering from the mutation. Gefitinib, the first-generation EGFR-TKI, has greatly improved survival rates in lung cancer patients, whereas acquired gefitinib resistance is still a critical issue that needs to be overcome. In our research, high expression levels of CIB2 were found in gefitinib-resistant lung cancer cells.

Elevated NOX4 promotes tumorigenesis and acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance via enhancing IL-8/PD-L1 signaling in NSCLC.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been widely used for human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is the major barrier of treatment success, and new resistance mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that elevated NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression was associated with acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance.

Complementary roles of EP2 and EP4 receptors in malignant glioma.

Background And Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumour in the central nervous system, but the current treatment is very limited and unsatisfactory. PGE -initiated cAMP signalling via EP and EP receptors is involved in the tumourigenesis of multiple cancer types. However, whether or how EP and EP receptors contribute to GBM growth largely remains elusive.

MKRN2 knockout causes male infertility through decreasing STAT1, SIX4, and TNC expression.

() is an evolutionarily conserved gene whose biological functions are not fully known. Although recent studies have shed insights on the potential causes of male infertility, its underlining mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. We developed a knockout mice model to study this gene and found that deletion of in mice led to male infertility.

Studying spatial drug distribution in golf ball-shaped microspheres to understand drug release.

Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres have been one of the most successful products for slow drug release. While distribution of drugs in microspheres might be a fundamental factor affecting drug release, it has been often overlooked. Indeed, very few studies are available on the distribution of drugs in microspheres with complex morphology like golf ball-shaped microspheres.

Associating resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors with immunological escape in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor that ranks third in incidence and second in mortality worldwide, and surgery in conjunction with chemotherapy and radiotherapy remains the most common treatment option. As a result of radiotherapy's severe side effects and dismal survival rates, it is anticipated that more alternatives may emerge. Immunotherapy, a breakthrough treatment, has made significant strides in colorectal cancer over the past few years, overcoming specialized therapy, which has more selectivity and a higher survival prognosis than chemoradiotherapy.

Corrigendum: Regulation of microrna-497-targeting AKT2 influences tumor growth and chemoresistance to cisplatin in lung cancer.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.

Regulation of MicroRNA-497-Targeting AKT2 Influences Tumor Growth and Chemoresistance to Cisplatin in Lung Cancer.

Background: MicroRNA-497 (miR-497) has been implicated in several cancers. Increasing studies demonstrate the role of AKT2 in cancers as an oncogene which is closely associated with tumor aggressiveness by enhancing cancer cell survival, migration and invasion However, miR-497/AKT2 axis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear.

Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify the expression of miR-497 and its target gene.

Mass spectrometry assisted arginine side chains assignment of NMR resonances in natural abundance proteins.

Arginine side chains play critical roles in many protein-ligand interactions and enzyme catalysis. Unambiguous resonance assignment is a prerequisite for the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies of arginine side chains dynamics and hydrogen exchange properties from which one can expect to elucidate in more detail the roles of arginine residues in protein structure and function. Here we present a new mass spectrometry (MS)-based method for assigning the side-chain resonances of arginine residues in 2D H-N NMR spectra.

Apigenin Inhibits IL-6 Transcription and Suppresses Esophageal Carcinogenesis.

Esophagus cancer is the seventh cause of cancer-related deaths globally. In this study, we analyzed interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene expression in human esophagus cancer patients and showed that IL-6 mRNA levels are significantly higher in tumor tissues and negatively correlated with overall survival, suggesting that IL-6 is a potential therapeutic target for esophagus cancer. We further demonstrated that apigenin, a nature flavone product of green plants, inhibited IL-6 transcription and gene expression in human esophagus cancer Eca-109 and Kyse-30 cells.

LncRNA LINC00319 is associated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in glioma.

Glioma is one of the most universally diagnosed malignant tumors in the central nervous system with high mortality and morbidity in the world. Long non-coding long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 319 (LINC00319) exerts promoting function in diverse range of human carcinomas, but its detailed role in glioma remains to be investigated. This study aimed to investigate the potential role and regulatory mechanism of LINC00319 and also its clinical value in glioma.

Suppression of miR-143 contributes to overexpression of IL-6, HIF-1α and NF-κB p65 in Cr(VI)-induced human exposure and tumor growth.

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a known occupational and environmental contaminant and carcinogen, but new mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis remain to be elucidated. In this study, we found that expression of miR-143 is decreased, whereas that of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is increased in blood samples of Cr(VI)-exposing workers compared with corresponding unexposed workers. In addition, IL-6 was increased in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-Cr) exposed to Cr(VI) compared with unexposed BEAS-2B cells.

CT-pathologic correlation in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.

Distinguishing lung adenocarcinoma from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is clinically important. Computed tomography (CT) scan is an economical, effective, noninvasive, commonly available, and quick diagnostic way for lung cancer. In this study, we aim to compare the CT characteristics in adenocarcinoma and SCC.

A comparison of contrast-free MRA at 3.0T in cases of intracranial aneurysms with or without subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Purpose: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of contrast-free MRA at 3.0T for detection of intracranial aneurysms in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods: 411 patients (183 with SAH and 228 with non-SAH) underwent MRA.

Diagnostic value of conventional MRI combined with DTI for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) is a common clinical disease and can cause bilirubin encephalopathy in severe cases. It is now widely accepted that increased signal intensity in the globus pallidus on MR T1WI is an important sign of neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy. And brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has not been used extensively to study hyperbilirubinemia (HB).

Comparative analysis between 64- and 320-slice spiral computed tomography in the display of coronary artery stents and diagnosis of in-stent restenosis.

The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of 64-multi-slice spiral computed tomography (64-MSCT) and 320-MSCT in the display of coronary artery stents and diagnosis of in-stent restenosis. The data collected from the 64- and 320-MSCT coronary angiography of 93 patients following coronary artery stent implantation were retrospectively analyzed. The 64-MSCT group comprised 30 cases with 57 stents and the 320-MSCT group comprised 63 cases with 93 stents.

Meta-analysis of the IL23R and IL12B polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: Polymorphisms in the genes encoding interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R) and the p40 subunit of IL-12/23 (IL12B) have been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. However, results of different studies are inconsistent. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis on this topic.

Magnetic resonance image manifestations of the atypical meningioma.

Through retrospective analysis of 13 cases of magnetic resonance image (MRI) manifestations of atypical meningiomas confirmed by operation and pathology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, the objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI in order to improve the accuracy rate of preoperative diagnosis. In this retrospective analysis of MRI findings for atypical meningiomas in First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January to July in 2012, the location, morphology and tumor signals and other tumor imaging characteristics were covered. In 13 cases of atypical meningioma patients of this group, most tumors were located at typical sites (10/13), mainly the falx cerebri, parasagittal, convexity, saddle area.

Comparison of whole-body MRI and skeletal scintigraphy for detection of bone metastatic tumors: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: We performed a meta-analysis to investigate and compare diagnostic performance of whole-body MRI and skeletal scintigraphy for detection of bone metastatic tumors.

Materials And Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant articles. We calculated sensitivities, specificities, diagnostic odds ratios (DOR), positive likelihood ratios (PLR), negative likelihood ratios (NLR), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves using bivariate models for whole-body MRI and skeletal scintigraphy, respectively.