cultured calculus bovis alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats through regulating microglial polarization and inhibiting NLRP3.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of cultured calculus bovis (ICCB) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) and its mechanism.

Methods: The CIRI animal model and cell model were induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in Sprague Dawley rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in BV2 cells, respectively. The CIRI of rat model was evaluated using modified neurological severity score (mNSS), brain water content, and cerebral infarction volume after 1.

Determination of neurotoxic shellfish poisoning toxins in shellfish by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction.

An innovative method based on dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) in conjunction with LC-MS/MS had been developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of three brevetoxins (BTXs), which can result in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), in shellfish. The toxins were extracted with a 50 % acetonitrile (v/v) and cleaned by alumina-neutral sorbent. After chromatographic separation on a C column, the analytes were qualitatively and quantitatively detected using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in positive ionization mode.

Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Gas Detection Technology Research Progress.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) can be utilized as an ultrasensitive gas detection method. The basic principles of gas detection using PAS are discussed in this paper. First, the basic instrumentation for a PAS gas detection system is introduced focusing on the photoacoustic cell.

needle extracts attenuate oxidative stress injury in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats by regulating JNK3/caspase-3 signal transduction.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of needle extracts (PNE) on oxidative stress injury in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats.

Methods: The SD male rats were randomly divided into sham group, model control group, Edaravone (3 mg/kg) group, PNE low-dose (200 mg/kg), medium-dose (400 mg/kg) and high-dose (800 mg/kg) groups. PNE was administered by gavage for 7 d before modeling and 6 h after modeling in PNE treatment groups; Edaravone was given by intraperitoneal injection 7 d before modeling and 6 h after reperfusion.

Piceatannol protects rat neuron cells from oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion injury via regulation of GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of piceatannol on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: The oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) model was constructed in primary cultured suckling rat cortical neuron cells. After 2 h of oxygen-glucose deprivation, the cells were treated with piceatannol for 24 h.

Low Dimensional Nanostructure-Assisted Long-Range Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors With High Figure of Merit.

Long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) sensors have been extensively studied by virtue of their extremely narrow full width at half maxima (FWHM) characteristics, but their low sensitivity remains an important factor limiting the figure of merit (FOM), making the sensors have difficulties in detecting small refractive index changes accurately. To address this problem, this paper proposes and demonstrates a low dimensional nanostructure (Au nanospheres, WS2) assisted LRSPR sensor to achieve an effective enhancement of the sensor interfaced electric field and thus improve the sensitivity. The performance parameters of the two sensors are compared with the LRSPR sensor by finite element method analysis, and the results showed that the assistance of the low dimensional nanostructure has a positive effect on the sensor.

Research advances on surface plasmon resonance biosensors.

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon is of wide interest due to its sensitivity to changes in surface refractive index for the label-free, highly sensitive and rapid detection of biomarkers. This paper reviews research progress on SPR biosensors modified with different substrate structures and surface materials, surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI), and SPR-enhanced electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensors for applications in biosensing in the last five years. This paper focuses on the research on the application of the SPR phenomenon in the field of bio-detection, reviews the sensing characteristics of SPR biosensors with substrate structures of prisms, gratings, and optical fibers, and summarizes and analyzes the sensitivity and interference resistance of SPR sensors with surface modification of different materials (high-refractive index dielectric films, metallic micro- and nanostructures, and surface antifouling materials).

Behavioral and Neurochemical Changes in Rats with Recurrent Depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress.

Objectives: The mechanism of recurrent depression remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the behavioural and neurochemical patterns of rats with recurrent depression.

Materials And Methods: An animal model of recurrent depression was established using chronic unpredictable stress and imipramine hydrochloride.

[Determination of amanita peptide toxins in human urine by TurboFlow online clean-up-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Amanita peptide toxins are cyclic polypeptide mushroom toxins that can cause acute liver damage. The fatality rate associated with these toxins is very high. Monitoring the concentration of amanita peptide toxins in human urine can provide valuable information for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Protective Effect of Piceatannol Against Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway In Vivo and Vitro.

Piceatannol is a natural plant-derived compound with protective effects against cardiovascular diseases. However, its effect on cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) induced by oxidative stress remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate piceatannol's antioxidation in CIRI.

[Determination of domoic acid in shellfish by liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction].

Objective: A method utilizing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction for quantitative analysis of domoic acid in four kinds of shellfish was established.

Methods: The sample of 0. 1 g was extracted with 25% methanol aqueous solution, the extract was purified by dispersive solid phase extraction with 50 mg HLB and 5 mg GCB, and then filtered through a PTFE membrane.

[Protective effect of iridoid glycosides of radix scrophulariae on endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion model].

Objective: To investigate the regulatory effect of iridoid glycoside of radix scrophulariae (IGRS) on endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion model.

Methods: Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells were pretreated with IGRS (50, 100, 200 μg/mL) for 24h, and the model of oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was applied. The cell viability was determined by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay.

Iridoid glycosides from Radix Scrophulariae attenuates focal cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress‑mediated neuronal apoptosis in rats.

Iridoid glycosides of Radix Scrophulariae (IGRS) are a group of the major bioactive components from Radix Scrophulariae with extensive pharmacological activities. The present study investigated the effects of IGRS on cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury (CIRI) and explored its potential mechanisms of action. A CIRI model in rats was established by occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 90 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion.

Determination of carbazole and halogenated carbazoles in human serum samples using GC-MS/MS.

Carbazole and halogenated carbazoles have been widely detected throughout the environment in soil, river deposits, and lake sediments. Human exposure to these compounds may occur through inhalation, drinking water, dietary intake and/or skin contact, and exposure levels in the body may be evaluated by measuring them in serum or blood. This paper reports the method development and validation for the analysis of carbazole and 11 halogenated carbazoles in human blood and/or serum samples.

Total glucosides of peony improve ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma by inhibiting mast cell degranulation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (peony) is a medicinal plant used in the Xiaoqinglong decoction, a commonly prescribed traditional Chinese medicine for asthma. The main active ingredients of peony roots-described as the total glucosides of peony (TGP)-have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and protective effects on endothelial cells, and they are known to improve rheumatoid arthritis.

Promoting neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus of chronic unpredictable stress-induced depressive-like rats with paeoniflorin.

Hippocampal neurogenesis plays an important role in the onset and treatment of depressive disorders. Previous studies suggest that paeoniflorin could be used as an antidepressant for treating rats subjected to chronic unpredictable stress. In this study, the effects of paeoniflorin on neurogenesis in the hippocampus dentate gyrus and potential mechanism of action are further investigated in chronic unpredictable stress-induced rat.

Paeoniflorin Ameliorates Chronic Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors and Neuronal Damages in Rats via Activation of the ERK-CREB Pathway.

Neuronal damage is related to the onset and treatment of depressive disorders. Antidepressant-like effects have been elicited by paeoniflorin on animal models. The aim of this study is to demonstrate whether the neuroprotective effect of paeoniflorin on rats suffered from chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was regulated by the ERK-CREB signaling pathway.

[Determination of nitroimidazoles and their metabolites in animal-derived foods by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction].

A method for the quantitative analysis of nitroimidazoles and their metabolites in four kinds of animal-derived foods by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction (dSPE) was established. The samples (2.0 g) were extracted with ethyl acetate.

Therapeutic mechanisms of single Chinese medicine herb or their extracts for extrahepatic obstructive jaundice.

Obstructive jaundice (OJ) is classified as extrahepatic OJ or intrahepatic OJ. Extrahepatic OJ is attributed to a variety of intricate etiological factors. Research has begun with Chinese medicine (CM), which can be used as an adjunctive therapy for extrahepatic OJ.

The antidepressant-like effects of paeoniflorin in mouse models.

Peony is often used in Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of depression-like disorders. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the total glycosides of peony exert antidepressant-like effects in animal models. Paeoniflorin is the main active glycoside of peony.

Antidepressant-like effects of paeoniflorin on the behavioural, biochemical, and neurochemical patterns of rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress.

We have previously demonstrated that the total glycosides of peony exert antidepressant-like effects in animal models. Paeoniflorin is the main active glycoside of peony. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of paeoniflorin in a rat model of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) and its active mechanisms.

Mechanistic study on the antidepressant-like effect of danggui-shaoyao-san, a chinese herbal formula.

Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS), a famous Chinese herbal formula, has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases. Previous studies have shown that DSS produces antidepressant-like effect in rodents. This study aims to investigate the mechanism(s) underlying the antidepressant-like action of DDS.

Protective effects of paeoniflorin against corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells.

Neuroprotection has been proposed as one of the acting mechanisms of antidepressants. Paeoniflorin, a monoterpene glycoside, has been reported to display antidepressant-like effects in animal models of behavioural despair. The present study aimed to examine the protective effect of paeoniflorin treatment on corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.

Protective effects of Salvia miltiorrhizae on multiple organs of rats with obstructive jaundice.

Purpose: we aim to explore the protective effects of Salvia miltiorrhizae injection on multiple organs of obstructive jaundice (OJ) rats through observing the impact of this injection on the pathological alterations in these organs and the contents of endotoxin, PLA(2), and TNF-alpha in the blood.

Methods: A total of 90 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model-control group, and Salvia miltiorrhizae-treated group (n = 30). According to the duration of postoperative administration, each group was further divided into two subgroups, namely, 21 d subgroup (consecutive administration for 21 d, n = 15) and 28 d subgroup (consecutive administration for 28 d, n = 15).