Synergistic microglial modulation by laminarin-based platinum nanozymes for potential intracerebral hemorrhage therapy.

Abnormal microglial activation increases inflammation, causing significant brain damage after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). To aid recovery, treatments should regulate oxidative stress and inhibit the M1-like phenotype (pro-inflammation) of microglia. Recently, antioxidant nanozymes have emerged as tools for modulating microglial states, but detailed studies on their role in ICH treatment are limited.

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals the immune microenvironment in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis.

Background And Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) bring cancer patients tumor control and survival benefits, yet they also trigger immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), notably checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP), affecting about 5% of patients among whom 1-2% experiencing severe grade 3 or higher pneumonitis. Current research points to potential links with T cell subset dysfunction and autoantibody increase, but the specific mechanisms underlying different grades of CIP are understudied.

Methods: Herein, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from CIP patients across varying severity levels, aiming to elucidate underlying immune environment and mechanisms of CIP progression at cellular and molecular levels.

Laminarin-modulated osmium nanozymes with high substrate-affinity and selective peroxidase-like behavior engineered colorimetric assay for hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity estimation.

Hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging capacity (HOSC) estimation is essential for evaluating antioxidants, natural extracts, or drugs against clinical diseases. While nanozymes offer advantages in related applications, they still face limitations in activity and selectivity. In response, this work showcases the fabrication of laminarin-modulated osmium (laminarin-Os) nanoclusters (1.

Colorimetric detection of urea, urease, and urease inhibitor based on the peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles.

Herein, we reported for the first time that gold nanoparticles-catalyzed 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine-H2O2 system can serve as an ultrasensitive colorimetric pH indicator. Gold nanoparticles acted as a catalyst and imitated the function of horseradish peroxidase. The absorbance at 450 nm of the yellow-color product in the catalytic reaction exhibited a linear fashion over the pH range of 6.

In situ growth of porous platinum nanoparticles on graphene oxide for colorimetric detection of cancer cells.

A green approach is proposed for in situ growth of porous platinum nanoparticles on graphene oxide (PtNPs/GO). The resulting nanocomposite has been proven to function as peroxidase mimetics that can catalyze the reaction of peroxidase substrate in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. On the basis of the peroxidase-like activity, we used the PtNPs/GO as a signal transducer to develop a colorimetric assay for the direct detection of cancer cells.