A chloride efflux transporter, BIG RICE GRAIN 1, is involved in mediating grain size and salt tolerance in rice.

Grain size is determined by the size and number of cells in the grain. The regulation of grain size is crucial for improving crop yield; however, the genes and molecular mechanisms that control grain size remain elusive. Here, we report that a member of the detoxification efflux carrier /Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (DTX/MATE) family transporters, BIG RICE GRAIN 1 (BIRG1), negatively influences grain size in rice (Oryza sativa L.

Volatile Organic Compounds of Endophytic Strain JK-SH007 Promote Disease Resistance in Poplar.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and pathogen resistance. However, little is known about the influence of VOCs released from endophytic strains ( strain JK-SH007) on controlling pathogens or inducing systemic resistance in poplar. In this study, we found that VOCs produced by strain JK-SH007 inhibit three poplar canker pathogens (, , and ) and promote defense enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) and total phenol (TP) accumulation.

A molecular pathway for CO₂ response in Arabidopsis guard cells.

Increasing carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels in the atmosphere have caused global metabolic changes in diverse plant species. CO₂ is not only a carbon donor for photosynthesis but also an environmental signal that regulates stomatal movements and thereby controls plant-water relationships and carbon metabolism. However, the mechanism underlying CO₂ sensing in stomatal guard cells remains unclear.