Self-powered optical fiber biosensor integrated with enzymes for non-invasive glucose sensing.

To alleviate the discomfort associated with frequent blood glucose detection in diabetic patients, a novel non-invasive tear glucose biosensor has been developed. This involved the design and preparation of a photoelectrochemical probe based on an optical fiber and biological enzymes. One end of the optical fiber connects to a light source, acting as an energy source and imparting, self-powered capability to the biosensor.

Temperature and salinity sensing characteristics of embedded core optical fiber based on surface plasmon resonance.

An embedded core fiber sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) principle is developed. In the structure of optical fiber, the middle of the optical fiber cladding is hollowed out. The hollowed-out part is then filled with a temperature-sensitive layer.

The Frequency-Variable Rotor-Blade-Based Two-Degree-of-Freedom Actuation Principle for Linear and Rotary Motion.

Piezoelectric accurate actuation plays an important role in industrial applications. The intrinsic frequency of previous actuators is invariable. However, variable frequency can approach the range near the low-intrinsic-frequency and realize a high actuation capability.

Fiber laser strain sensor based on an optical phase-locked loop.

In this Letter, we present a high-strain resolution fiber laser-based sensor (FLS) by a novel optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) interrogation technique based on a root mean square detector (RMSD). The sensor consists of a distributed feedback (DFB) fiber laser as a master laser for strain sensing and a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) as a reference. The laser carrier locks to the reference by the PDH technique, and the single sideband laser working as a slave laser locks to the DFB sensing element using the OPLL technique, respectively.

ZnO/CuO heterojunction integrated fiber-optic biosensor for remote detection of cysteine.

Indium tin oxide, semiconductor nanomaterial ZnO, and CuO were first loaded on the surface of the optical fiber to form an optical fiber probe. Large-volume macroscopic spatial light is replaced by an optical fiber path, and remote light injection is implemented. Based on the optical fiber probe, a photoelectrochemical biosensor was constructed and remote detection of cysteine was realized.

Theoretical and Experimental Investigations into a Crawling Robot Propelled by Piezoelectric Material.

Conventional motors with complicated electromagnetic structures are difficult to miniaturise for millimetre- and centimetre-sized robots. Instead, small-scale robots are actuated using a variety of functional materials. We proposed a novel robot propelled by a piezoelectric ceramic in this work.

Tunable plasmon-induced transparency with a dielectric grating-coupled graphene structure for slowing terahertz waves.

We present a tunable plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) structure that is composed of dielectric grating and a graphene system to manipulate terahertz (THz) waves. The graphene system consists of a graphene sheet and a graphene ribbon layer, with a spacer between them. By exploiting the diffraction coupling of THz wave with dielectric grating, graphene plasmonic resonance is efficiently excited on both graphene sheet and graphene ribbons.

Broadband single-polarization optical fiber based on surface plasmon resonance.

We present, to the best of our knowledge, a new scheme of broadband single-polarization optical fiber with high extinction ratio based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The double-hole optical fiber with a Ge-doped core is modified by integrating the stacks of conductive and dielectric layers to support SPR. The strong couplings between the guided modes and surface plasmon mode can bring about serious polarization loss of TM mode, while supporting the efficient transmission of TE polarization in broadband.

Graphene/liquid crystal hybrid tuning terahertz perfect absorber.

We present, by simulations, a metastructured graphene/liquid crystal hybrid tuning terahertz perfect absorber that consists of graphene disk resonator arrays above a metallic layer separated with liquid crystal substrate. The liquid crystal refractive index and the graphene Fermi level are utilized to implement double-tuning operation to push the spectra scanning limit of the terahertz absorber. Our simulations demonstrate high performance of a near-linear broad tuning region and near-unity absorbance with wide incident angle and polarization independence.

Double D-shaped hole optical fiber coated with graphene as a polarizer.

A double D-shaped hole optical fiber coated with graphene is proposed as a polarizer at the wavelength of 1.55 μm. As the planar surfaces of D-shaped holes are both coated with graphene, the interaction between the core and graphene can be doubled.

Two-core single-polarization optical fiber with a large hollow coated bimetallic layer.

A two-core hollow optical fiber for a polarizer based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed and studied by the full-vector finite-element method. The proposed fiber consists of two circular cores, inner cladding, outer cladding, and a large central air hole. The two cores are arranged symmetrically in inner cladding and couple weakly with the air hole.

The analysis on the expression of gasotransmitters in early trauma patients.

Objective: Nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were endogenously-generated molecules gas. They owned important biological activity and participated in many pathophysiological processes. This study aimed to examine the levels of three gasotransmitters in the early phase of trauma patients.

Design and numerical analysis of a THz square porous-core photonic crystal fiber for low flattened dispersion, ultrahigh birefringence.

We propose a kind of square porous-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for polarization-maintaining terahertz (THz) wave guidance. An asymmetry is introduced by implementing rectangular array air holes in the porous core of the PCF, and ultrahigh birefringence and low effective material loss (EML) can be achieved simultaneously. The properties of THz wave propagation are analyzed numerically in detail.

Monitoring of vascular endothelial growth factor and its soluble receptor levels in early trauma.

Background: This clinical observation study aimed to investigate the relationship between the serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its soluble receptors with the severity and the occurrence of late acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in early trauma.

Methods: Sixty patients with multiple injuries were divided into three groups according to the Injury Severity Score (ISS) and the serum levels of VEGF, soluble VEGF receptor 1 (sVEGFR1), and sVEGFR2, were measured. Ten healthy people were recruited as controls.

Effects of CCK-8 and Cystathionine γ-Lyase/Hydrogen Sulfide System on Acute Lung Injury in Rats.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is mainly characterized by diffusive injuries to lung epithelium and increased permeability of alveolar-capillary membranes caused by various factors, which leads to pulmonary edema and pulmonary closure. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is the main component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, is one of the most important factors causing pulmonary infection and ALI. More and more reports have indicated that hydrogen sulfide (HS) is closely correlated with ALI and has anti-inflammation function, while the specific mechanism needs further investigation.

Optical fiber modulator derivates from hollow optical fiber with suspended core.

A fiber optic integrated modulation-depth-tunable modulator based on a type of hollow optical fiber with suspended core is proposed and investigated. We synthesized magnetic fluid containing superparamagnetic Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles and encapsulated it in the hollow optical fiber as the cladding layer of the suspended core by fusing the hollow optical fiber with the multimode optical fibers. The light with a wavelength of 632.

Embedded multicore hollow fiber with high birefringence.

We fabricate and demonstrate a hollow fiber with multiple embedded cores (MCHF) based on a modified "suspended core-in-tube" preform technique. Its birefringence properties are controlled by the MCHF core's ovality, which could be controlled by the applied pressure and drawing temperature in the MCHF preform. An in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer with 90.

Characteristics of embedded-core hollow optical fiber.

We propose a novel embedded-core hollow optical fiber composed of a central air hole, a semi-elliptical core, and an annular cladding. The fiber characteristics are investigated based on the finite element method (FEM), including mode properties, birefringence, confinement loss, evanescent field and bending loss. The results reveal that the embedded-core hollow optical fiber has a non-zero cut-off frequency for the fundamental mode.

Optical refractometer based on an asymmetrical twin-core fiber Michelson interferometer.

We report and demonstrate an optical refractometer based on a compact fiber Michelson interferometer. The Michelson interferometer is composed of an asymmetrical twin-core fiber containing a central core and a side core. By chemically etching a segment of the twin-core fiber until the side core is exposed, the effective index of the side core in the etched region is sensitive to the environmental refractive index, which leads to a shift of the transmission spectrum of the Michelson interferometer.

Integrated fiber Michelson interferometer based on poled hollow twin-core fiber.

We propose an integrated fiber Michelson interferometer based on a poled hollow twin-core fiber. The Michelson interferometer can be used as an electro-optic modulator by thermal poling one core of the twin-core fiber and introducing second-order nonlinearity in the fiber. The proposed fiber Michelson interferometer is experimentally demonstrated under driving voltages at the frequency range of 149 to 1000 Hz.

Linear-core-array microstructured fiber.

Linear-core-array microstructured fibers are fabricated using the modified chemical-vapor desposition and etching method for preparing each core performs, and two D-shape large-scale silica rods are also used in the linear-core-array fiber perform stacking. The supermodes in optical fibers with linearly distributed 23 cores are investigated by using the coupled-mode theory. The coupling field propagation characteristics of the optical fibers are analyzed.

[Role of hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine-gamma-lyase system in acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats].

Objective: To explore the role of hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine-gamma-lyase (H(2)S/CSE) system in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Sixty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, LPS (instilled intratracheally to induce ALI), sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), propargylglycine (PPG). Animals were sacrificed at 4 and 8 hours (n=8) after administration of the above agents.

Three-core fiber-based shape-sensing application.

By using specially designed three-core fiber, a microstructured light-pattern generator for sensing 3-D shapes has been demonstrated. The square or hexagon grid-interferometric fringe pattern formed by the fiber-optic interferometric grid generator is projected onto an object's surface. The deformed grid pattern containing information of the object's surface topography is captured by a CCD camera and is analyzed using 2-D Fourier transforming profilometry.