Citrate synthase lysine K215 hypoacetylation contributes to microglial citrate accumulation and pro-inflammatory functions after traumatic brain injury.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between microglial metabolism and neuroinflammation by examining the impact of citrate accumulation in microglia and its potential regulation through Cs K215 hypoacetylation.

Methods: Experimental approaches included assessing Cs enzyme activity through Cs K215Q mutation and investigating the inhibitory effects of hesperidin, a natural flavanone glycoside, on citrate synthase. Microglial phagocytosis and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines were also examined in relation to Cs K215Q mutation and hesperidin treatment.

Study on Synergistic Effect of Xanthan Gum and Sodium Methylsiliconate on Mechanical Strength and Water Stability of Phosphogypsum Road-Based Materials.

To address the issues of low strength, poor water stability, and hazardous substance leaching associated with using phosphogypsum (PG) as a direct road-based material, the traditional approach involves employing inorganic cementing materials to stabilize PG, effectively addressing the problems. This study innovatively utilizes the xanthan gum (XG) and sodium methylsiliconate (SM) as curing agents for PG to solve the above problems. An organic curing agent stabilized PG was prepared by dry mixing XG and PG.

Hypothermia impairs glymphatic drainage in traumatic brain injury as assessed by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with intrathecal contrast.

Introduction: The impact of hypothermia on the impaired drainage function of the glymphatic system in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not understood.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing controlled cortical impact injury (CCI) were subjected to hypothermia or normothermia treatment. The rats undergoing sham surgery without CCI were used as the control.

Hypothermia reduces glymphatic transportation in traumatic edematous brain assessed by intrathecal dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

The glymphatic system has recently been shown to clear brain extracellular solutes and can be extensively impaired after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite hypothermia being identified as a protective method for the injured brain via minimizing the formation of edema in the animal study, little is known about how hypothermia affects the glymphatic system following TBI. We use dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) following cisterna magna infusion with a low molecular weight contrast agent to track glymphatic transport in male Sprague-Dawley rats following TBI with hypothermia treatment and use diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequence to identify edema after TBI, and further distinguish between vasogenic and cytotoxic edema.

EP-ADTA: Edge Prediction-Based Adaptive Data Transfer Algorithm for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs).

The underwater wireless sensor network is an important component of the underwater three-dimensional monitoring system. Due to the high bit error rate, high delay, low bandwidth, limited energy, and high dynamic of underwater networks, it is very difficult to realize efficient and reliable data transmission. Therefore, this paper posits that it is not enough to design the routing algorithm only from the perspective of the transmission environment; the comprehensive design of the data transmission algorithm should also be combined with the application.

Dematin inhibits glioblastoma malignancy through RhoA-mediated CDKs downregulation and cytoskeleton remodeling.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is well known as a highly aggressive brain tumor subtype. Here, we show that overexpression (OE) of dematin actin-binding protein (DMTN) inhibits GBM proliferation and invasion by affecting cell cycle regulation and actin remodeling, respectively. RT-qPCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining demonstrated a significant reduction in DMTN expression in gliomas, especially in high-grade gliomas (HGG) compared with normal brains, which correlates with worse survival in HGG patients.

Ketogenic Diet Modulates Neuroinflammation via Metabolites from Lactobacillus reuteri After Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescent Mice.

Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) is associated with a range of neural changes which is characterized by axonal injury and neuroinflammation. Ketogenic diet (KD) is regarded as a potential therapy for facilitating recovery after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, its effect on rmTBI has not been fully studied.

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (H1-MRS) Study of the Ketogenic Diet on Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adolescent Rats and Its Effect on Neurodegeneration.

Objective: A ketogenic diet (KD) improves cellular metabolism and functional recovery after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury. Here, we evaluated the changes of neurochemical metabolites after KD therapy for repetitive mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI) and its possible role in neurodegeneration.

Methods: Postnatal day 35 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham, control, and KD groups.

Moderate hypothermia inhibits microglial activation after traumatic brain injury by modulating autophagy/apoptosis and the MyD88-dependent TLR4 signaling pathway.

Background: Complex mechanisms participate in microglial activation after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI can induce autophagy and apoptosis in neurons and glial cells, and moderate hypothermia plays a protective role in the acute phase of TBI. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of TBI and moderate hypothermia on microglial activation and investigated the possible roles of autophagy/apoptosis and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).