Harnessing machine learning and multi-omics to explore tumor evolutionary characteristics and the role of AMOTL1 in prostate cancer.

Although recent advancements have shed light on the crucial role of coordinated evolution among cell subpopulations in influencing disease progression, the full potential of these insights has not yet been fully harnessed in the clinical application of personalized precision medicine for prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing to identify the evolutionary characteristics of tumoral cell states and employed comprehensive bulk RNA sequencing to evaluate their potential as prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets. Leveraging advancements in artificial intelligence, we integrated machine learning with multi-omics to develop and validate the tumor evolutionary characteristic predictive indicator (TECPI).

A family case report of parathyroid carcinoma associated with mutation in hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome.

Background: Hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) accounts for 5-10% of all PHPT cases, necessitating genetic testing for diagnosis and management. Among these, hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutations with variable clinical presentations and incomplete symptoms.

Case Summary: The proband, diagnosed with PHPT, underwent parathyroidectomy at the age of 41 with pathological examination of parathyroid carcinoma (PC).

Multi-omics analysis reveals a macrophage-related marker gene signature for prognostic prediction, immune landscape, genomic heterogeneity, and drug choices in prostate cancer.

Introduction: Macrophages are components of the innate immune system and can play an anti-tumor or pro-tumor role in the tumor microenvironment owing to their high heterogeneity and plasticity. Meanwhile, prostate cancer (PCa) is an immune-sensitive tumor, making it essential to investigate the value of macrophage-associated networks in its prognosis and treatment.

Methods: Macrophage-related marker genes (MRMGs) were identified through the comprehensive analysis of single-cell sequencing data from GSE141445 and the impact of macrophages on PCa was evaluated using consensus clustering of MRMGs in the TCGA database.

Causal relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic kidney disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of childbearing age. The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic kidney disease remains unclear and controversial. In this study, we investigated the causal role of polycystic ovary syndrome in the development of chronic kidney disease using the two-sample Mendelian randomization method.

Ectopic insulinoma diagnosed by 68Ga-Exendin-4 PET/CT: A case report and review of literature.

Rationale: Ectopic insulinomas are extremely rare and challenging to diagnose for clinicians. Precise preoperative localization is essential to successful treatment.

Patient Concerns: A 23-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of recurrent hypoglycemia.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with thyroid autoimmunity: results from an epidemiological survey in Tianjin, China.

Purpose: The pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is unclear, although some studies have identified an association between vitamin D deficiency and thyroid autoantibody positivity. This study aimed to investigate vitamin D status, and its relationships with thyroid autoantibody positivity and HT, via a large epidemiological survey.

Methods: The epidemiological survey was conducted in Tianjin, China.

1,25(OH)D provides protection against diabetic kidney disease by downregulating the TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway.

The over-activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is a typical immune response to injury. Previous work has suggested that controlling the over-activation of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB may represent a new therapeutic option for diabetic kidney disease (DKD). 1,25(OH)D has also been shown to exert a protective effect on DKD, although the mechanism involved has yet to be elucidated.

Clinical Characteristics of 76 Patients with IgG4-Related Hypophysitis: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background: IgG4-related hypophysitis (IgG4-RH) is a rare disease, and its prevalence remains unclear. In recent years, an increasing number of cases have been reported because of the increasing recognition of this disease. We aimed to summarize case reports of IgG4-RH and outline the clinical features and outcomes.

Effect of hypercortisolism on bone mineral density and bone metabolism: A potential protective effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone in patients with Cushing's disease.

Objective To investigate the effects of Cushing's disease (CD) and adrenal-dependent Cushing's syndrome (ACS) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism. Methods Data were retrospectively collected for 55 patients with hypercortisolism (CD, n = 34; ACS n = 21) from January 1997 to June 2014. BMD was examined in all patients, and bone turnover markers were tested in some patients.

Urinary iodine in early pregnancy is associated with subclinical hypothyroidism in Tianjin, China: an observational study.

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is associated with adverse obstetric outcomes and neurodevelopment disorders. Both iodine deficiency and excess are associated with SH; however, few data regarding iodine nutrition status of pregnant women with SH are available. This study aimed to clarify whether iodine deficiency or excess is associated with SH, especially, when test results for anti-thyroid autoantibodies are negative.

Expression and cellular distribution of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB in diabetic renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, in vitro and in vivo.

Aim: Inflammation and extracellular matrix hyperplasia are crucial in the pathogenesis of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) involved in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Macrophage accumulation plays a major role, but whether immune factors contribute to DN pathogenesis is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB-dependent pathway's involvement in TIF pathogenesis.

1,25(OH)2D3-mediated amelioration of aortic injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

In this study, a single tail vein injection of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model was employed to study the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation, the active form of vitamin D, on diabetes-induced aortic injury. Aortas from different groups were assessed for histopathology, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 expression by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry staining, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis. High-dose 1,25(OH)2D3 (0.

[Clinical analysis of drug-induced Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome: a report of five cases].

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome and explore its pathogenesis.

Methods: The clinical data of 5 cases of Pseudo-Bartter's syndrome at our ward from May 2008 to December 2010 was analyzed retrospectively.

Results: All patients were female.