Mfn2 is responsible for inhibition of the RIG-I/IRF7 pathway and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in Seneca Valley virus-infected PK-15 cells to promote viral replication.

Seneca Valley virus (SVV), a non-enveloped positive single-stranded virus can cause vesicular disease in swine. However, the mechanisms by which SVV activates an innate immune response remain unknown. Mitofusin-2 (MFN2), a mitochondria-shaping protein regulating mitochondrial fusion and fission, plays a crucial role in innate immune responses.

Transdermal Administration of Volatile Oil from - Alleviates Constipation in Rats by Altering Host Metabolome and Intestinal Microbiota Composition.

Background: The - (ZhiShi, ZS-) (BaiZhu, BZ) pairs are often found in herbal formulas for constipation. The volatile oils of ZS and BZ (ZBVO) have good pharmacological activity against constipation, but the mechanism for treatment of slow transit constipation (STC) remains unclear.

Method: A rat model using diphenoxylate tablets was constructed to investigate if transdermal administration of ZBVO would mediate intestinal microorganisms and fecal metabolites and improve STC symptoms.

Quantification of Cross-Contamination of Campylobacter jejuni during Food Preparation in a Model Kitchen in China.

Abstract: Numerous outbreak investigations and case-control studies of campylobacteriosis have provided evidence that handling Campylobacter-contaminated chicken products is a high risk factor for infection and illness. In this study, the cross-contamination and transfer rates of Campylobacter jejuni from chicken to ready-to-eat food were determined in various food handling scenarios. Skinless raw chicken breasts were artificially contaminated with C.

Distinguishing Smilax glabra and Smilax china rhizomes by flow-injection mass spectrometry combined with principal component analysis.

Flow-injection mass spectrometry (FIMS) coupled with a chemometric method is proposed in this study to profile and distinguish between rhizomes of Smilax glabra (S. glabra) and Smilax china (S. china).

Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Infant Botulism in Beijing, China.

Laboratory-based pathogen isolation, identification, and toxicity determination were performed on samples from a suspected case of infant botulism. Mice injected with cultures generated from the enema sample and ingested Powered infant formula (PIF) presented typical signs of botulism. Antitoxins to polyvalent botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and monovalent BoNT type B antitoxin had protective effects.

Risk assessment of dietary exposure to aluminium in the Chinese population.

In order to address the issue of excessive intake of aluminium (Al) from Al-containing food additives in the Chinese diet, this study conducted a dietary exposure assessment of Al in the general population based on the national surveillance data of Al content in foods and national food consumption data. It was found that the mean dietary exposure of the whole Chinese population to Al from Al-containing food additives was 1.795 mg kg bw week, not exceeding the PTWI, while high dietary exposures (e.

Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Profile, and Molecular Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Ready-to-eat Food in China, 2013-2014.

We aimed to investigate the potential pathogenic profile and antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat food in China. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by broth microdilution following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol. Molecular serotyping, virulence, and resistance genes were identified using PCR.

Relationship between Intrauterine Bacterial Infection and Early Embryonic Developmental Arrest.

Background: Early embryonic developmental arrest is the most commonly understudied adverse outcome of pregnancy. The relevance of intrauterine infection to spontaneous embryonic death is rarely studied and remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between intrauterine bacterial infection and early embryonic developmental arrest.

[Phenylpropanoid Constituents of Smilax trinervula].

Objective: To study the phenylpropanoid constituents of Smilax trinervula.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorption resin chromatography, gel chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literatures.

Roxithromycin suppresses airway remodeling and modulates the expression of caveolin-1 and phospho-p42/p44MAPK in asthmatic rats.

Roxithromycin (RXM) expresses anti-asthmatic effects that are separate from its antibiotic activity, but its effects on airway remodeling are still unknown. Here, we evaluated the effects of RXM on airway remodeling and the expression of caveolin-1 and phospho-p42/p44mitogen-activated protein kinase (phospho-p42/p44MAPK) in chronic asthmatic rats. The chronic asthma was induced by ovalbumin/Al(OH)3 sensitization and ovalbumin challenge, RXM (30mg/kg) or dexamethasone (0.

Modification and evaluation of Brucella broth based Campylobacter jejuni transport medium.

Reliable transport of Campylobacter jejuni isolates is critical to microbial epidemiology research, especially in developing countries without a good temperature control mailing system. Various factors, including oxygen, temperature, transport medium composition, could affect the survival of C. jejuni.

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Objective: To develop a matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) approach to identify Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and differentiate methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from methicillin-sensitive S.

[Development of an in vitro digestion model for assessing the bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B group in foods].

Objective: To develop and validate an in vitro digestion model for assessing the bioaccessibilities of some important mycotoxins of aflatoxin B group (aflatoxin B(1) and aflatoxin B(2), AFB(1) and AFB(2)).

Methods: Using simulating gastrointestinal physiological digestion process, the effects of digestion time (long, medium and short), the fasting and feeding status (fasting, between fasting and semi-feeding, semi-feeding, between semi-feeding and feeding, feeding states), the volume and pH (high, medium and low) of digestive solution, as well as other food ingredients ingested along with aflatoxin B group from mixed foods on bioaccessiblities of AFB(1) and AFB(2) in the mouth, stomach and small intestine were studied. The optimal technical parameters of the model were identified and the model was validated with mycotoxin adsorbents.

Simultaneous determination of masked deoxynivalenol and some important type B trichothecenes in Chinese corn kernels and corn-based products by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A total of 969 corn kernels and corn-based products collected from 24 provinces in China between 2008 and 2011 were analyzed for deoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol 3-glucoside, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Deoxynivalenol was the predominant mycotoxin detected. A total of 29 out of 969 samples (corn kernels: 9/289, mean = 1884 μg/kg; corn-based products: 20/680, mean = 1580 μg/kg) contain deoxynivalenol at the levels exceeding the Chinese regulatory limit of 1000 μg/kg for deoxynivalenol in corn.

Dietary iodine intake in the Chinese population.

Objective: To evaluate dietary iodine intake and its potential risks among the Chinese population.

Methods: Individual dietary iodine intake was calculated using food consumption data multiplying by iodine concentration in foods, table salt and drinking water, followed by summing, and then compared with the corresponding age-specific reference values, including Upper Intake Level (UL) and Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI).

Results: In areas with water iodine concentration (WI) lower than 150 μg/L, 80.

[Development of pulsed field gel electrophoresis and application for characterization and identification of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus thermophilus].

Objective: To develop a pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method for molecular typing of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus thermophilus (S. thermophilus) and to apply it in identification and characterization of both bacteria isolated from yoghurt collected from Beijing supermarket.

Methods: The five most useful restriction enzymes including Apa I, Not I, Sfi I, Xba I and Sma I were chosen to cut DNA of 52 strains of Lactobacillus, S.

[Natural occurrence of masked deoxynivalenol and multi-mycotoxins in cereals from China harvested in 2007 and 2008].

Objective: To elucidate the natural occurrence of masked deoxynivalenol (DON-3-G) and other multi-mycotoxins in cereals from parts of China.

Methods: A total of 446 corn and wheat samples harvested in 2007 and 2008 collected from Henan, Hebei, Guangxi, Anhui, Sichuan, Chongqing and Jiangsu provinces were analyzed for DON-3-G and other multi-mycotoxins (including deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), nivalenol (NIV), et al) by UPLC-MS/MS.

Results: Corn and wheat samples were mainly contaminated by DON and its derivatives as well as ZEN.

[The analysis on the hepatitis B awareness and factors influencing of reproductive women in poverty rural areas of Gansu province].

Objective: To investigate the Hepatitis B (HB) awareness, ways of obtaining knowledge and related factors to reproductive women, to analyze the influential factors and provide strategies for HB control.

Methods: Three counties were selected random in Gansu, one town was from each county, five villages from each town, about fifty reproductive women aged from 15 to 45 in each village were investigated by questionnaires.

Results: The HB awareness of 790 Reproductive women was 47.

Natural occurrence of aflatoxins in Chinese peanut butter and sesame paste.

A study on the natural occurrence of aflatoxins in Chinese peanut butter and sesame paste samples was conducted. Aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) was the predominant toxin detected abundantly and frequently at a level up to 68.51 microg/kg in 41 of 50 peanut butter samples and 20.

[Forest degradation/decline: research and practice].

As one of the most critical environmental problems in the 21st century, forest degradation has been facing worldwide. There are many definitions about forest degradation, but its common features are the permanent loss of forests, stand structure destructed, forest quality decreased, and forest functions lowered. Forest decline or tree decline in fact is one of the causes of forest degradation, which includes the general reduction of trees in vigor, low level growth of trees in productivity, death of trees, and even, decline of soil fertility.

[Development of monoclonal antibody against fumonisin B1 and ELISA-kit of quantitative analysis for fumonisin B1].

Objective: To detect the contamination level of fumonisin B1 in grain, and to develop rapid detection kit that possess patent of China.

Methods: Hybridoma cell line excreting monoclonal antibody against fumonisin B, was produced using B cell hybridoma technique and develop a rapid, sensitive, quantitative ELISA-kit for detection fumonisin B1.

Results: The monoclonal antibody used in the ELISA-kit were tested for subtype as IgG1 and its affinity constant was 8.