Protocatechuic acid inhibits hepatitis B virus replication by activating ERK1/2 pathway and down-regulating HNF4α and HNF1α in vitro.

Aims: Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic compound found in many antiviral Chinese herbal medicines. HNF4α and HNF1α, the members of hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) family, play an important regulatory role in the gene transcription of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Previous studies found that PCA inhibited HBV antigen secretion and HBV DNA replication in HepG2.

In vivo effect of triptolide combined with glycyrrhetinic acid on rat cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Triptolide (TP) is a major active component in Tripterygium root, but its therapeutic window was very narrow due to its severe multi-organ toxicity. In this work, the effect of TP combined with glycyrrhetic acid (GA) on mRNA expression and activity of four cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in rat liver was studied after intragastric administration of TP (0.05, 0.

Effects of brucine combined with glycyrrhetinic acid or liquiritin on rat hepatic cytochrome P450 activities in vivo.

Abstract: The activities of four CYP450 enzymes (CYP3A, 1A2, 2El and 2C) and the mRNA expression levels of CYP1A2, 2El, 2Cll and 3A1 in rat liver were determined after Wistar rats were orally administered with brucine (BR) at three dosage levels (3, 15 and 60 mg.kg-1 per day) and the high dose of BR combined with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA, 25 mg.kg-1 per day) or liquiritin (LQ, 20 mg.

[Pharmacokinetics of gastrodin from compound Tianma granule in rats].

To study the influence of the compatibility of ophiopogonis tuber and Chinese magnoliavine fruit with gastrodia rhizome on the pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in rat, three dosages of compound Tianma granule extract (equivalent to gastrodin 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1)) and one dosage of Tianma extract (equivalent to gastrodin 100 mg x kg(-1) were administered to rats by intragastric administration separately. Plasma samples were collected at different times and treated with methanol and acetonitrile to precipitate protein. The contents of gastrodin in plasma were determined by HPLC method.

[Pharmacokinetics of puerarin and hydrochlorothiazide from maijunan tablets in rats].

After oral administration of low, middle, high dose of simulative Maijunan tablets to SD rats and puerarin, hydrochlorothiazide at middle dosage to SD rats separately, plasma samples were collected at different times and treated with acetonitrile to precipitate protein. The contents of puerarin and hydrochlorothiazide in plasma were determined by HPLC method. The mean plasma concentration-time profiles of puerarin and hydrochlorothiazide at different dosages of medication administration were processed by 3P97 pharmacokinetic software and SPSS statistics 17.

New modified iris suture technique for pupillary dilation in aphakic eyes during vitreoretinal surgery.

To describe a modified simple iris suture for pupillary dilation technique during vitrectomy in cases with a miotic pupil. Four translimbal incisions were created with a sharp straight blade at 1:30, 10:30, 4:30, and 7:30 o'clock, respectively. The straight needle of 10-0 polypropylene suture and a Sinskey IOL hook was used to displace the pupillary margin toward the limbus.

Gene expression profiling of mice liver tissue after intragastric administration of Chinese nutgall extract.

Kunming mice (male, weight 20 +/- 2g) were daily intragastric administration of Chinese nutgall extract (0.2 mL/10 g body weight, equal to 8 g Chinese nutgall material/1 kg body weight) for 30 days. Liver tissue mRNA were extracted from normal control group and Chinese nutgall treated group respectively, then were reversely transcribed to cDNA with dUTP labeled by different fluorescence (Cy3, Cy5) as hybridization probes.

[Study on the interaction between cinnamic acid and human serum albumin by fluorescence quenching method].

The albumin is the richest protein in blood circulatory system, which can combine with many drugs and play an important role in transporing protein. In the present work, the non-covalent interaction between human serum albumin and cinnamic acid was studied by using fluorescence quenching method. The results showed that cinnamic acid had a powerful ability to quench the fluorescence of human serum albumin at excitation and emission wavelengths of lambda(ex) = 286 nm and lambda(ex) = 340 nm, respectively, in the reaction solution of pH 7.

[Simultaneous determination of geniposide, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride in Angong Niuhuang pill by RP-HPLC].

Objective: A new method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of geniposide, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride in Angong Niuhuang pill using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method had been developed.

Method: The optimum chromatographic conditions were as follows: Agilent Zorbax SB - C18 column (4.6 mm 250 mm, 5 m), acetonitrile-H2O (containing 6 mmol L(-1) KH2PO4, pH 4.

Gene expression profile analyses of mice livers injured by Leigongteng.

Aim: To analyze the gene expression profiles of mice livers injured by Leigongteng and explore the relationship between the differentially expressed genes and liver damage.

Methods: The experimental mice were randomly divided into a control group and a liver-injured group in which the mice were administrated 33 mu gamma of triptolide/kg per day for 30 d. Liver mRNAs were extracted from animals in both groups and were reverse-transcribed to cDNA with dUTP labeled by different fluorescence (Cy3, Cy5) as hybridization probes.

[Methodology of electrospray ion trap mass spectrometry for analyzing the non-covalent binding of protein and low-molecular-weight ligand].

A new MS-titration method for the non-covalent binding of protein-ligand based on the research of berberine and alpha1-acid glycoprotein was established. The major presumption of new method is that the total concentration of protein-ligand complex is approximately the same as the total concentration of acting protein if a certain extent of affinity is existed between protein and ligand, in addition, the mole amount of acting ligand is more than that of acting protein. The non-covalent binding behaviours between berberine and alpha1-acid glycoprotein was studied by using electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-ITMS) , and the results were verified by fluorescence quenching method.

[Detection of anisodamine and its metabolites in rat feces by tandem mass spectrometry].

Aim: To establish a LC-MS(n) method for the identification of anisodamine and its metabolites in rat feces.

Methods: Feces samples were collected after single administration of 25 mg x kg(-1) anisodamine to rats, and dipped in water for 1 h. Samples were then extracted by ethyl acetate.

[Identification of hydroxylate metabolites of daidzein and its sulfate conjugates in rat urine by LC-ESI/MS(n)].

Aim: To identify the hydroxylate metabolites and its sulfate conjugates of daidzein in rat urine.

Methods: Urine samples from 0 - 24 h were collected after single ig dose of 500 mg x kg(-1) daidzein to each of six rats. The urine samples were purified by SPE column (SPE C18) and analyzed with liquid chromatographic-tandem electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS(n)) for potential metabolites.

[Liquid chromatography-tandem electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometric assay for the metabolites of jatrorrhizine in rat urine].

Aim: To identify the main metabolites of jatrorrhizine in rat urine.

Methods: The rat urine samples were collected 0 - 72 h after ig 12 mg x kg(-1) jatrorrhizine, then the samples were purified through C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge. The purified samples were analyzed by combining liquid chromatography and tandem electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/ITMS(n)).

[Analysis of anisodine and its metabolites in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Aim: To identify anisodine and its metabolites in rat plasma after ingestion of anisodine by combining liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS(n)).

Methods: Plasma samples from rats after a single orally administration of 20 mg anisodine were added with methanol to precipitate protein. Then, it was analyzed by LC-MS(n).

[HPLC-ESI/MS analysis of stachydrine and its metabolites in rat urine].

Aim: To identify the main metabolites of stachydrine in rat.

Methods: The ionization, cleavage and chromatographic characteristics of stachydrine were studied by using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) for the first time. These characteristics of stachydrine were used as the basis for the analyses of metabolites in rat urine.

[HPLC-MSn analysis of trigonelline and its metabolites in rat urine].

Aim: To establish a rapid and sensitive LC-MSn method for the identification of trigonelline and its main metabolites in rat urine.

Methods: After optimizing the detection conditions of LC-MSn chromatography and mass spectrometry using trigonelline, its ionization and cleavage in ESI-MS and ESI-MSn modes were summarized, then serving as the basis for the metabolite analysis of trigonelline in rat urine. The 0-48 h urine samples of rats were collected after iv 8 mg x kg(-1) trigonelline, then, the samples were purified through C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge.

[Comparing studies on the differences of CCl4 liver injury and immunity liver injury mice models].

Comparison between CCl4 liver injury model and immunity liver injury model was studied through physiological, biochemical and gene expression profile methods, and the pathological mechanism of them were discussed. There are significant changes about the physiological, biochemical parameters including ALT,AST between two model groups and normal control group. Among the 14112 target genes, 379 and 293 differentially expressed genes were screened out from the both two model groups respectively in gene expression profile experiments, including 105 common, differentially expressed genes.

[Analysis of ephedrine and its metabolites in rat urine by HPLC-ESI-ITMSn].

Aim: To estabilish a rapid and sensitive LC-ESI-ITMSn method for the identification of ephedrine and its main metabolites in rat urine.

Methods: After optimizing the detection condition of LC-ESI-ITMSn chromatography and mass spectrometry by using a standard ephedrine, the ionization and cleavage rules of ephedrine in ESI-MS and ESI-MSn modes were summarized, and then serving as the basis for the metabolite analysis of ephedrine in rat urine. Rat urine samples of 0-48 h were collected after ig 10 mg x kg(-1) ephedrine, then the samples were purified through C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge.

[HPLC-electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry analysis of oxymatrine and its metabolites in rat urine].

Aim: To identify the main metabolites of oxymatrine (OMT) in rats.

Methods: To optimize the conditions of LC/ESI-ITMS' chromatograms and spectra by oxymatrine and matrine (MT), and summarize their ionization and cleavage rules in ESIMS, then serving as the basis for the metabolite analyses of oxymatrine in rats. To collect the 0-24 h urine samples of the rats after ip 40 mg x kg(-1) oxymatrine, the samples were enriched and purified through C18 solid-phase extraction cartridge.

[Fluorescence enhancement character of terbium perchlorate and thulium perchlorate with phenylcarboxymethyl sulfoxide coordination compounds].

(Tb1-x Tmx).L2.(ClO4).