Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Aggravate Cardiac Dysfunction After Ischemic Stroke in Mice.

Background: Cardiac damage induced by ischemic stroke, such as arrhythmia, cardiac dysfunction, and even cardiac arrest, is referred to as cerebral-cardiac syndrome (CCS). Cardiac macrophages are reported to be closely associated with stroke-induced cardiac damage. However, the role of macrophage subsets in CCS is still unclear due to their heterogeneity.

Inhibition of PARP1 improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction via up-regulated NLRC5.

The incidence and mortality rate of myocardial infarction are increasing per year in China. The polarization of macrophages towards the classically activated macrophages (M1) phenotype is of utmost importance in the progression of inflammatory stress subsequent to myocardial infarction. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1(PARP1) is the ubiquitous and best characterized member of the PARP family, which has been reported to support macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory phenotype.

Decreased connexin 40 expression of the sinoatrial node mediates ischemic stroke-induced arrhythmia in mice.

Background: Arrhythmia is the most common cardiac complication after ischemic stroke. Connexin 40 is the staple component of gap junctions, which influences the propagation of cardiac electrical signals in the sinoatrial node. However, the role of connexin 40 in post-stroke arrhythmia remains unclear.

Guidewire-Assisted Reduction Technology Combined with Postural Reduction Improves the Success Rate of Internal Vein Catheterisation.

Objective: To investigate the value of guidewire-assisted reduction technology (which increases the stiffness of a catheter through the use of a guidewire, thereby protecting the puncture point and distal vein from breakage) combined with postural reduction for malpositioned catheters in the internal jugular vein during peripherally inserted central venous catheter catheterisation.

Methods: From January 2015 to August 2020, we used ultrasound to perform guided puncture and monitoring. We identified the tip of the catheter as malpositioned in the internal jugular vein in 99 patients during the catheterisation process.

Isoflurane Attenuates Cerebral Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury via the TLR4-NLRP3 Signalling Pathway in Diabetic Mice.

Ischaemic stroke is a severe disease worldwide. Restoration of blood flow after ischaemic stroke leads to cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Various operations, such as cardiac surgery with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, predictably cause cerebral ischaemia.

Definition of catheter jamming: A mechanical analysis of catheter fracture tension and fracture strain.

Background: Catheter jamming is an emerging and possibly underrated complication.

Objective: To find the criteria for determining if the catheter cannot be removed through the mechanical analysis of fracture tension and fracture strain (εf) of Peripheral Inserted Central Catheters (PICC).

Method: We removed 30 pieces of PICC catheters from patients and recorded the indwelling time.

A Comparison of Lower Limb Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter and Deep Venous Catheterisation.

Objective: To compare the clinical application effects of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and deep venous catheters placed through the lower limbs in adults with malignancy obviating the use of upper limb PICC.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China between February 2017 and February 2019.

Cerebral-Cardiac Syndrome and Diabetes: Cardiac Damage After Ischemic Stroke in Diabetic State.

Cerebral-cardiac syndrome (CCS) refers to cardiac dysfunction following varying brain injuries. Ischemic stroke is strongly evidenced to induce CCS characterizing as arrhythmia, myocardial damage, and heart failure. CCS is attributed to be the second leading cause of death in the post-stroke stage; however, the responsible mechanisms are obscure.

NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Potential Target in Isoflurane Pretreatment Alleviates Stroke-Induced Retinal Injury in Diabetes.

Ischemic stroke remains a devastating disease which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Visual impairment after stroke is a common complication which may lead to vision loss, greatly impacting life quality of patients. While ischemic stroke is traditionally characterized by a blockage of blood flow to the brain, this may coincide with reduced blood flow to the eye, resulting in retinal ischemia and leading to visual impairment.

Macrophage-NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Exacerbates Cardiac Dysfunction after Ischemic Stroke in a Mouse Model of Diabetes.

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the post-stroke stage, cardiac dysfunction is common and is known as the brain-heart interaction. Diabetes mellitus worsens the post-stroke outcome.

Response of Chinese Anesthesiologists to the COVID-19 Outbreak.

The coronavirus disease 2019, named COVID-19 officially by the World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland) on February 12, 2020, has spread at unprecedented speed. After the first outbreak in Wuhan, China, Chinese anesthesiologists encountered increasing numbers of infected patients since December 2019. Because the main route of transmission is via respiratory droplets and close contact, anesthesia providers are at a high risk when responding to the devastating mass emergency.

NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential treatment in ischemic stroke concomitant with diabetes.

The NLRP3 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor [NLR] family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome is a member of the NLR family of innate immune cell sensors. These are crucial regulators of cytokine secretions, which promote ischemic cell death and insulin resistance. This review summarizes recent progress regarding the NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential treatment for ischemic stroke in patients with diabetes, two complicated diseases that often occur together.

Waste anesthetic gas exposure and strategies for solution.

As inhaled anesthetics are widely used, medical staff have inevitably suffered from exposure to anesthetic waste gases (WAGs). Whether chronic exposure to WAGs has an impact on the health of medical staff has long been a common concern, but conclusions are not consistent. Many measures and equipment have been proposed to reduce the concentration of WAGs as far as possible.

Administration of fentanyl via a slow intravenous fluid line compared with rapid bolus alleviates fentanyl-induced cough during general anesthesia induction.

Objective: Fentanyl-induced cough (FIC) is a common complication with a reported incidence from 18.0% to 74.4% during general anesthesia induction.

Activation of p47phox as a Mechanism of Bupivacaine-Induced Burst Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Neural Toxicity.

Bupivacaine has been shown to induce neurotoxicity through inducing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. NOX2 is one of the most important sources of ROS in the nervous system, and its activation requires the membrane translocation of subunit p47phox. However, the role of p47phox in bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity has not been explored.

Neurotoxicity Comparison of Two Types of Local Anaesthetics: Amide-Bupivacaine versus Ester-Procaine.

Local anaesthetics (LAs) may lead to neurological complications, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Many neurotoxicity research studies have examined different LAs, but none have comprehensively explored the distinct mechanisms of neurotoxicity caused by amide- (bupivacaine) and ester- (procaine) type LAs. Here, based on a CCK8 assay, LDH assay, Rhod-2-AM and JC-1 staining, 2',7'-dichlorohy-drofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium probes, an alkaline comet assay, and apoptosis assay, we show that both bupivacaine and procaine significantly induce mitochondrial calcium overload and a decline in the mitochondrial membrane potential as well as overproduction of ROS, DNA damage and apoptosis (P < 0.

[Flavanoids Extracted from Onion Inhibited Activation of Microglia and Release of Proinflammatory Factors around the Hematoma in ICH Model Rats].

Objective: To study flavanoids extracted from onion (FEO) on the number of activated microglia and the release of proinflammatory factors in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model rat at different time points, and to explore its possible mechanism for treating ICH.

Methods: Totally 100 Wistar rats were used for preparing ICH model, and ICH model was successfully established in 90 of them. The 90 rats were randomly divided into the sham-operation group (n =10) , the ICH group (n =40) , the FEO group (n =40).

[Impacts of drought stress on leaf osmotic adjustment and chloroplast ultrastructure of stay-green sorghum].

Taking stay-green sorghum (B35) and non-stay green sorghum (Sanchisan) as test materials, a pot experiment was conducted to study their leaf osmotic adjustment and chloroplast ultrastructure at flowering and filling stages under impacts of drought stress (45% -50% of maximum field capacity). For the two sorghum lines, drought stress caused the reduction of their leaf free water content and relative water content, and increased the leaf bound water content, water saturation deficit, and electrical conductivity, with the increment or dement being larger for Sanchisan than for B35. Drought stress increased the leaf soluble sugar content and proline content, with the increment of the soluble sugar content being larger for Sanchisan and the increment of the proline content being larger for B35, while decreased the leaf soluble protein content, with the decrement being larger for Sanchisan than for B35.

Endovascular stent-graft exclusion of adult giant patent ductus arteriosus through a hybrid transabdominal approach.

Endovascular stent-graft exclusion has proven to be a safe and effective alternative for adult patients with patent ductus arteriosus. We present a case of a 38-year-old woman with a large, symptomatic ductus. However, her small femoral and iliac arteries limited the access options.

Molecular dynamics simulations of the thermal stability of tteRBP and ecRBP.

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed for investigating the thermal stability of the extremely thermophilic Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis ribose binding protein (tteRBP) and the mesophilic homologous Escherichia coli ribose binding protein (ecRBP). The simulations for the two proteins were carried out under the room temperature (300 K) and the optimal activity temperature (tteRBP 375 K and ecRBP 329 K), respectively. The comparative analyses of the trajectories show that the two proteins have stable overall structures at the two temperatures; further analyses indicate that they both have strong side-chain interactions and different backbone flexibilities at the different temperatures.

Molecular simulations study of ligand-release mechanism in an odorant-binding protein from the southern house mosquito.

Pheromone-binding proteins transport hydrophobic pheromones through the aqueous medium to their receptors. The odorant-binding protein (OBP) of Culex quinquefasciatus (CquiOBP1), which binds to an oviposition pheromone (5R,6S)-6-acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide (MOP), plays a key role in sensing oviposition cues. However, so far the mechanism of MOP release from the protein is unclear.

[Questionnaire survey of guideline implementation for community acquired pneumonia with retrospective analysis of the empiric treatment in 490 patients].

Objective: To assess physicians' awareness and use of guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) published by Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases (CSRD) and American Thoracic Society (ATS), and to investigate influences of the guidelines on the prognosis of patients with CAP.

Method: A total of 210 self-completion questionnaires about CAP guidelines were received from doctors of six hospitals in Beijing. In addition, 490 serial cases of CAP collected from these hospitals admitted from January 2002 to December 2003 were retrospectively analyzed.