Conference 2024: Building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.

The Conference 2024 provides a platform to promote the development of an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health. The four key components - Technology, Research (Biology), Academic journals, and Social media - form a synergistic ecosystem. Advanced technologies drive biological research, which generates novel insights that are disseminated through academic journals.

Membrane transport engineering for efficient yeast biomanufacturing.

Yeast strains have been widely recognized as useful cell factories for biomanufacturing. To improve production efficiency, their biosynthetic pathways and regulatory strategies have been continuously optimized. However, commercial production using yeasts is still limited by low product yield and high production cost.

Transcriptome analysis of Kluyveromyces marxianus under succinic acid stress and development of robust strains.

Kluyveromyces marxianus has become an attractive non-conventional yeast cell factory due to its advantageous properties such as high thermal tolerance and rapid growth. Succinic acid (SA) is an important platform molecule that has been applied in various industries such as food, material, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. SA bioproduction may be compromised by its toxicity.

Novel Roles of the Greatwall Kinase Rim15 in Yeast Oxidative Stress Tolerance through Mediating Antioxidant Systems and Transcriptional Regulation.

The Greatwall-family protein kinase Rim15 is associated with the nutrient starvation response, whereas its role in oxidative stress responses remains unclear. Here, acetic acid and peroxide were used as two oxidative stress elicitors. The antioxidant indicator assay under acetic acid stress revealed the impaired growth in Δ related to the regulation of antioxidant systems.

Enhancing wheat regeneration and genetic transformation through overexpression of TaLAX1.

In the realm of genetically transformed crops, the process of plant regeneration holds utmost significance. However, the low regeneration efficiency of several wheat varieties currently restricts the use of genetic transformation for gene functional analysis and improved crop production. This research explores overexpression of TaLAX PANICLE1 (TaLAX1), which markedly enhances regeneration efficiency, thereby boosting genetic transformation and genome editing in wheat.

Engineering yeast cell factories to produce biodegradable plastics and their monomers: Current status and prospects.

Traditional plastic products have caused serious environmental pollution due to difficulty to be degraded in the natural environment. In the recent years, biodegradable plastics are receiving increasing attention due to advantages in natural degradability and environmental friendliness. Biodegradable plastics have potential to be used in food, agriculture, industry, medicine and other fields.

Clptm1, a new target in suppressing epileptic seizure by regulating GABA R-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission in a PTZ-induced epilepsy model.

Disruption of gamma-amino butyric acid type A receptors (GABA Rs) synaptic clustering and a decrease in the number of GABA Rs in the plasma membrane are thought to contribute to alteration of the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, which promotes seizure induction and propagation. The multipass transmembrane protein cleft lip and palate transmembrane protein 1 (Clptm1) controls the forward trafficking of GABA R, thus decaying miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current (mIPSC) of inhibitory synapses. In this study, using a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epilepsy rat model, we found that Clptm1 regulates epileptic seizures by modulating GABA R-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission.

A specific selenium-chelating peptide isolated from the protein hydrolysate of .

: is a type of edible medicinal mushroom with abundant proteins. Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient for human. Many animal experiments and clinical studies had indicated that Se plays an important role in diverse physiologic actions.

Influences of dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract on the hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation response, intestinal antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and disease resistance of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) on the common occurrence of liver steatosis, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, disturbance of gut microbiota, and disease susceptibility in high-fat diet-fed channel catfish. Channel catfish fed three diets, including a high-fat diet (11% crude fat) and ELE-supplemented diets containing 1‰ or 2‰ ELE for 4 weeks. The results showed the contents of liver triacylglycerol of 1‰ and 2‰ ELE groups were reduced, and ELE treatments decreased the expression of lipogenesis related genes (srebp-1c, pparγ, and acc-1), and increased the expression of lipolysis related genes (pparα).

Surface-Displayed Amuc_1100 From on ZHY1 Improves Hepatic Steatosis and Intestinal Health in High-Fat-Fed Zebrafish.

Fatty liver and intestinal barrier damage were widespread in most farmed fish, which severely restrict the development of aquaculture. Therefore, there was an urgent need to develop green feed additives to maintain host liver and intestinal health. In this study, a probiotic pili-like protein, Amuc_1100 (AM protein), was anchored to the surface of ZHY1, and the effects of the recombinant bacteria AM-ZHY1 on liver fat accumulation and intestinal health were evaluated.

Rare complication of acute adrenocortical dysfunction in adrenocortical carcinoma after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: A case report.

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and highly invasive endocrine malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Although surgical resection is the main treatment for ACC, postoperative recurrence and metastasis have become the important factors of death. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an important option for the treatment of advanced ACC with liver metastasis.

Molecular identification, expression and function analysis of peroxidasin in Chilo suppressalis.

Peroxidasin plays a unique role in the formation and stability of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the animal kingdom; however, it was only characterized in Diptera, not in other insect orders. In this study peroxidasin (CsPxd) was first identified and characterized from Chilo suppressalis, a lepidopteran pest. CsPxd complementary DNA with a 4080 bp open reading frame encodes a peptide of 1359 amino acids; the derived amino acid sequence of CsPxd harbors the typical structural characteristics of peroxidasin family in heme-peroxidase superfamily, including the signal peptide at N-terminal, leucine-rich repeat domain, Ig-loop motifs and peroxidase domain, signifying the extracellular location of protein and the involvement in ECM formation.

Verifiable fully outsourced attribute-based signcryption system for IoT eHealth big data in cloud computing.

The entrance of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to healthcare industry has impacted the explosion of eHealth big data. Cloud computing is widely considered to be the promising solution to store this data because of the presence of abundant resources at a lower cost. However, the privacy and security of the IoT generated data cannot be ensured as the data is kept far from the owner's phys- ical domain.

Gluten-starch interactions in wheat gluten during carboxylic acid deamidation upon hydrothermal treatment.

After carboxylic acid deamidation upon heating (CADH), wheat gluten still contains a total of ∼10% insoluble fractions, of which ∼10% is starch, which depreciate the values of wheat gluten. To elucidate gluten-starch interactions and their role in the deamidation behavior of gluten, the macrostructural characteristics of gluten citric acid suspensions of different concentrations (1% and 10%, w/v) and with different types of residual starch chains (achieved by enzyme hydrolyzed by α-amylase and/or glucoamylase assisted by sonication) were investigated. We found the degradation of long starch chains and branched short chains induced dramatic bond-cleavages in insoluble glutenins and gliadins.

[Responses of soil nitrogen transformation to long-term nitrogen fertilization and precipitation changes in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains, China.].

Soil nitrogen (N) cycling, one of the most important biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems, has significant environmental effects. However, little is known about how it responds to N deposition and precipitation changes. Here, we examined the main effects of N deposition (NF), rainfall reduction (RR) and their interactive effect (RF) on soil N cycling by N addition and transparent V-shaped board interception in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains.

[Water sources of dominant sand-binding plants in dry season in southern Horqin Sandy Land, China].

It's important to explore the water sources of sand-binding plants and their relationship to reveal the mechanism underling species coexistence and vegetation stability. In the present study, 12 sand-binding species in two typical habitats (fixed dune and dune slack) in southern Horqin Sandy Land were selected. The δD and δO values of plant water, rain water, ground water and soil water were determined, and the percentages of soil water at different depths used by plants were calculated with the IsoSource model.

Enantiomers of tetrahedral metal-organic cages: a new class of highly efficient G-quadruplex ligands with potential anticancer activities.

Four pairs of enantiomers of water-stable tetrahedral metal-organic cages [Ni4L6](8+) were facilely synthesized. They efficiently stabilized antiparallel G-quadruplex DNA with moderate enantioselectivity, and displayed promising cytotoxicity against the human cancer cell lines HCT116, HepG2 and MCF-7. These results provide a new insight into the rational design of chiral G-quadruplex-based anticancer agents.

Spin crossover properties of enantiomers, co-enantiomers, racemates, and co-racemates.

Through multi-component self-assembly of chiral phenylethylamine, 1-alkyl-2-imidazolecarboxaldehyde and iron(ii) ions, two couples of enantiomeric iron(ii) complexes , , and with the formula of fac-Λ or Δ-[Fe(L)3](2+)(L = R or S-1-phenyl-N-(1-alkyl-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethylene)ethanamine) have been designed and synthesized as building blocks. Further binary cocrystallization of the prefabricated enantiomers enabled us to construct spin crossover co-enantiomers and , racemates and , and co-racemate . Compared with in a high spin state and with spin crossover at 291 K, the co-enantiomers exhibited gradual spin crossover at a higher temperature of 301 K, and the racemic alloys showed hysteresis loops induced by desolvation above room temperature.

Metal-center exchange of tetrahedral cages: single crystal to single crystal and spin-crossover properties.

An effective single crystal to single crystal transformation from a tetrahedral Ni cage to an FeNi cage was demonstrated. The iron(ii) centers of the FeNi cage can be induced to display spin crossover behaviors with an increasing amount of Fe(II) ions. The SCSC metal-center exchange provides a powerful approach to modify solid magnetic properties.

Cytotoxic Nitrobenzoyloxy-substituted Sesquiterpenes from Spongederived Endozoic Fungus Aspergillus insulicola MD10-2.

The emergence of drug resistance and spread of new infectious diseases necessitated the development of novel antibiotics. Marine sponge-associated fungi represent a reservoir of novel molecules with diverse biological potentials. In this study, we isolated five nitrobenzoyloxy-substituted sesquiterpenes 1-5 from the culture mycelia of an endozoic fungus Aspergillus insulicola MD10-2, obtained from the South China Sea sponge Cinachyrella australiensis.

The marine-derived fungal metabolite, terrein, inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest in human ovarian cancer cells.

The difficulties faced in the effective treatment of ovarian cancer are multifactorial, but are mainly associated with relapse and drug resistance. Cancer stem-like cells have been reported to be an important contributor to these hindering factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer activities of a bioactive fungal metabolite, namely terrein, against the human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line, SKOV3, primary human ovarian cancer cells and ovarian cancer stem-like cells.

The role of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase in bacillamide C biosynthesis by Bacillus atrophaeus C89.

For biosynthesis of bacillamide C by Bacillus atrophaeus C89 associated with South China sea sponge Dysidea avara, it is hypothesized that decarboxylation from L-tryptophan to tryptamine could be performed before amidation by the downstream aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) to the non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) gene cluster for biosynthesizing bacillamide C. The structural analysis of decarboxylases' known substrates in KEGG database and alignment analysis of amino acid sequence of AADC have suggested that L-tryptophan and L-phenylalanine are the potential substrates of AADC. The enzymatic kinetic experiment of the recombinant AADC proved that L-tryptophan is a more reactive substrate of AADC than L-phenylalanine.