MXene/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Applications.

Since the successful preparation of few-layer transition metal carbides from three-dimensional MAX phases in 2011, MXenes (known as a family of layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have been intensively studied. Though MXenes have been adopted as active materials in many applications, issues including aggregation and restacking are likely to hamper their potential applications. In order to address these prevailing challenges, the concept of MXene/carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrids was proposed initially in 2015, where CNTs were incorporated as the spacers and conductive additives.

Recent Developments of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for High-Rate Lithium Ion Batteries.

Lithium ion batteries have been considered as a promising energy-storage solution, the performance of which depends on the electrochemical properties of each component, including cathode, anode, electrolyte and separator. Currently, fast charging is becoming an attractive research field due to the widespread application of batteries in electric vehicles, which are designated to replace conventional diesel automobiles in the future. In these batteries, rate capability, which is closely linked to the topology and morphology of electrode materials, is one of the determining parameters of interest.

HS-SPME GC-MS characterization of volatiles in processed walnuts and their oxidative stability.

Processed walnuts including hot air-dried and roasted walnuts were prepared. Volatiles in raw and processed walnuts were analyzed using head-space solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Oxidative stability of hot air-dried walnuts in different antioxidants, with or without vacuum package was studied to find a proper package for oxidation stability of hot air-dried walnuts.

[Effects of panthenol-glutamine on intestine of rats with burn injury and its dose-effect relationship].

Objective: To study the effects of the panthenol-glutamine on intestinal damage and motor function of intestine in rats with burn injury as well as its dose-effect relationship.

Methods: (1) Experiment 1. Ninety SD rats were divided into groups A-I according to the random number table, with 10 rats in each group.

Effect of rosuvastatin on OX40L and PPAR-γ expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction patients.

Atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) is characterized by extremely high fatality and disability rate. Recent studies indicate that co-stimulatory signal of tumor necrosis factor superfamily OX40/OX40L contributes to the atherosclerosis effect in ACI patients. However, it remains unclear the mechanism underlying the anti-atherosclerosis process.

[Relationship between activation of Rho kinase signal pathway and permeability of hypoxic vascular endothelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between activation of Rho kinase (ROCK) signal pathway and permeability of hypoxic vascular endothelial cells.

Methods: (1) Human vascular endothelial cell line VE cells were planted onto 6-well plates Transwell and divided into control group (without hypoxia treatment) and hypoxia for 1, 2, 3, 6, 12 h groups (exposed to 1%O2, 5%CO2, and 94%N2 for corresponding time) according to the random number table, with 5 wells in each group. The expression levels of ROCKI, ROCKII, myosin light chain phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) and phosphorylated MYPT1 (p-MYPT1), myosin light chain (MLC), p-MLC in cells were detected by Western blotting.

[An experimental study on intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha].

Objective: To investigate the effect of combination of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on intestinal epithelial barrier function.

Methods: The Caco-2 monolayers were cultured in DMEM nutrient solution, and then they were inoculated in 24-well or 6-well plate with Transwell inserts.They were divided into control group (ordinary treatment), IFN-γ group (with addition of 10 ng/mL IFN-γ), TNF-α group (with addition of 10 ng/mL TNF-α), and IFN-γ plus TNF-α group (with addition of 10 ng/mL TNF-α and 10 ng/mL IFN-γ).

[Research on intestinal tight junction barrier dysfunction should be emphasized in burn injury].

Severe burn injury is often accompanied by intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier dysfunction, which is believed to be closely associated with postburn shock, inflammation, hypermetabolism, infection, organ dysfunction etc. Recent studies have documented the critical role of tight junction-associated protein regulation in intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by severe burn injury. Myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation regulated by both myosin light chain kinase, which can phosphorylate MLC directly, and Rho-associated kinase, which can inhibit MLC phosphatase and then induce MLC phosphorylation indirectly, play a critical role in intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier dysfunction which occurs in severe burn injury.

[Effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha inhibition caused by RNA interference on permeability of hypoxic endothelial cells].

Objective: To study the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) inhibition caused by RNA interference on permeability of hypoxic vascular endothelial (VE) cells.

Methods: Plasmid pcDNA6.2-GW/EmGFP-miR was applied to construct the RNA interference expression vector targeted to human HIF-1alpha gene.

Helicobacter pylori-induced Th17 responses modulate Th1 cell responses, benefit bacterial growth, and contribute to pathology in mice.

CD4(+) T cell responses are critical for the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. The present study evaluated the role of the Th17 subset in H. pylori infection.

[The role of myosin light chain kinase in intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction due to hypoxia].

Objective: To study the role of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) in intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction after hypoxia.

Methods: The Caco-2 monolayers developed with Transwell inserts were exposed to hypoxia for 0 h (NC group), 2, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h (H group), and 6 h hypoxic specimens were treated with 100 mol/L ML-9 (T group). The transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) of monolayers was measured with an ohmmeter.

[Effect of hypoxia on hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) activation in intestinal epithelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of hypoxia on HIF-1alpha activation in intestinal epithelial cells.

Methods: Intestinal epithelial cells were randomly divided into normal control group, hypoxia group and hypoxia plus oligomycin group (oligomycin group). In hypoxia group, the cells were exposed to hypoxia for 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h.

[Role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide of hypothalamus in hypermetabolism in rats with severe burn].

Objective: To observe the role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor 2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (CRFR2ASO) of hypothalamus in hypermetabolism in rats with severe burn.

Methods: Stainless-steel cannula were implanted into the 3rd ventricle. According to different medicine delivered into the 3rd ventricle, 30 SD rats with 30% TBSA full-thickness burn were divided randomly into burn control group (BC, with injection of 3 microL saline), CRFR1ODN group (with injection of CRFR1ODN 10 microg), CRFR1ASO group (with injection of CRFR1ASO 10 microg), CRFR2ODN group(with injection of CRFR2ODN 10 microg), CRFR2ASO group (with injection of CRFR2ASO 10 microg), with 6 rats in each group.

[The protective effect of recombinant glucagons like peptide-2 on intestinal mucosa of burn rats].

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of recombinant glucagons like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on intestinal mucosa of rats with severe burns.

Methods: SD rats of either sex were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control (N, n = 6), burn control group (C, n = 6), recombinant GLP-2 group (Gr, n = 6, with subcutaneous injection of 100 nmol x kg(-1) x d(-1) recombinant GLP-2 at 4 post-burn hours (PBH) and synthesized GLP-2 group (G, n = 6, with subcutaneous injection of 100 nmol x kg(-1) x d(-1) synthesized GLP-2 at 4 PBH). Except the normal control group, all animals in the other groups received a 30% TBSA third degree burns, the rats were sacrificed on 7 postburn days (PBD) and the following indexes were determined: pathological examination of intestinal mucosa, mucosa permeability of intestinal mucosa, the ratio of mucosa wet weight and bowel mass or carcase weight, and the protein content of intestinal mucosa.

[Transfection and identification of the cloned strain that stably expressing glucagon like peptide-2 receptor in CaCO2 cell lines].

Objective: To establish Caco2 cell line with stable expression of glucagon like peptide-2 receptor( GLP-2R) , in order to establish an in vitro model for the study of protective mechanism of GLP-2 of the intestinal tract.

Methods: The GLP-2R/pcDNA3. 1 ( + ) plasmid was verified by restriction endonuclease and sequencing , and then it was transfected into Caco2 cells with lipofectamine.

[Experience in resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a report of 54 cases].

Objective: To summarize the experience in ameliorating curative resection rate and major postoperative complication rate for treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: Respective analysis was made on the clinical data of 54 consecutive cases who underwent resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma from Jan. 1998 to Dec.

[An experimental study on the relationship between the extracellular matrix and apoptosis of intestinal epithelium after burn injury].

Objective: To explore the relationship between the extracellular matrix and apoptosis of intestinal epithelium after burn injury.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were employed in the study and were randomly divided into normal control (C) and 6 PBH (postburn hour), 12 PBH, 1 PBD (postburn day), 3 PBD and 5 PBD group with 5 rats in each group. The rats in burn groups were sacrificed at 0, 6 and 12 PBHs and 1, 3 and 5 PBDs.

[Influence of glucagon-like peptide-2 on the proliferation of the intestinal mucosal cells in scalded rats].

Objective: To explore the influence of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) on the proliferation of the intestinal mucosal cells in scalded rats.

Methods: Fifty-five Wistar rats were employed in the study and were randomly divided into normal control (C), simple scald (S) and scald with GLP-2 treatment (G) groups. The rats in G group received GLP-2 introperitoneally in a dose of 200 micro g/kg two times a day.